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Comparative morphometric and chemical analyses of phenotypes of two invasive ambrosia beetles （Euwallacea spp.） in the United States

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Insect Science 2017年第4期24卷 647-662页

作者： Yigen Chen Paul l. Dallara lori J. Nelson Tom w. Coleman Stacy M. Hishinuma daniel Carrillo Steven J. Seybold Department of Entomology and Nematology University of California Davis USA USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station Davis USDA Forest Service Forest Health Protection San Bemardino California USA Tropical Research and Education Center University of Florida Homestead Florida USA

The polyphagous shot hole borer （PSHB）, Euwallacea sp., was first detected in 2003 in los Angeles County, California, USA. Recently, this invasive species has become a major pest of many hardwood trees in urban and wildland forests throughout southern California. PSHB is nearly identical in morphology and life history to the tea shot hole borer （TSHB）, Euwallaceafornicatus, an invasive pest of hardwoods in Florida, USA and many other parts of the world. However, molecular studies have suggested that the taxa are different species. we conducted morphometric and chemical analyses of the pheno- types of Euwallacea sp. collected in southern California （los Angeles County） and E. fornicatus collected in Florida （Miami-Dade County）. Our analyses indicated that PSHB has 3 larval instars. The third larval instar was separated from the first 2 instars by head capsule width with 0 probability of misclassification. The body length, head width, and pronotal width of PSHB adult males were significantly less than those of females. Head width and pronotal width of female PSHB were significantly less than those of female TSHB. In contrast, body length, and ratio of body length to pronotal width of female PSHB were significantly greater than those of female TSHB. However, females of these 2 species could not be separated completely by these 4 measurements because of the overlapping ranges. Cuticular hydrocarbons detected in both species were exclusively alkanes （i.e., n-alkanes, monomethylalkanes, dimethylalkanes, and trimethylalkanes）. Cuticular hydro- carbon profiles of PSHB males and females were similar, but they both differed from that of TSHB females. Cuticular hydrocarbons of PSHB were predominantly internally branched dimethylalkanes with backbones of 31 and 33 carbons, whereas cuticular hydro- carbons of TSHB females were dominated by internally branched monomethylalkanes and dimethylalkanes with backbones of 28 and 29 carbons. Multiple compounds within these classes appear

关键词： cuticular hydrocarbons Euwallaceafornicatus larval instars polyphagousshot hole borer Scolytidae tea shot hole borer

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Catalytically active interfaces in titania nanorod-supported copper catalysts for CO oxidation

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Nano Research 2020年第2期13卷 533-542页

作者： wasim U.Khan Season S.Chen daniel C.w.Tsang wey Yang Teoh Xijun Hu Frank l.Y.lam Alex C.K.Yip Department of Chemical and Process Engineering The University of Canterbury Christchurch 8041New Zealand Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering.The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong.China School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

One-dimensional titanium dioxide nanorod(TNR)-supported Cu catalysts(2.5 wt.%-12.5 wt.%)were synthesized using deposition-precipitation.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,temperature programmed reduction and CO chemisorption measurements showed that Cu doping over TNR offered metal-support interactions and interfacial active sites that had a profound impact on the catalytic *** role of the Cu-TNR interface was investigated by comparing the catalytic activity of Cu-TNR catalysts with that of pure CuO nanoparticles in CO *** presence of highly dispersed copper species,a high number of interfacial active sites,CO adsorption capacity and surface/lattice oxygen were found to be responsible for the excellent activity of 7.5CU-TNR(ie,Cu loading of 7.5 wt.%on TNR).Moreover,the Cu-TNR catalysts followed the langmuir-Hinshelwood reaction mechanism with 7.5CU-TNR,exhibiting an apparent activation energy of 44.7 kJ/*** TNR-supported Cu catalyst gave the highest interfacial catalytic activity in medium-temperature CO oxidation(120-240℃)compared to other commonly used supports,including titanium dioxide nanoparticles(TiO2-P25),silica(SiO2)and alumina(Al20g)in which copper species were nonhomogeneously *** study confirms that medium-temperature CO oxidation is highly sensitive to the morphology and structure of the supporting material.

关键词： supported catalysts nanorod oxygen species interfacial active sites CO oxidation

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Potential role of metabolomics in diagnosis and surveillance of gastric cancer

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 12874-12882页

作者： Angela w Chan Richdeep S Gill daniel Schiller Michael B Sawyer daniel Schiller Division of General Surgery University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2B7 Canada Division of Medical Oncology Cross Cancer Institute University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 1Z2 Canada

Gastric cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, and is especially prevalent in Asian countries. with such high morbidity and mortality, early diagnosis is essential to achieving curative intent treatment and long term survival. Metabolomics is a new field of study that analyzes metabolites from biofluids and tissue samples. while metabolomics is still in its infancy, there are numerous potential applications in oncology, specifically early diagnosis. Only a few studies in the literature have examined metabolomics’ role in gastric cancer. Various fatty acid, carbohydrate, nucleic acid, and amino acid metabolites have been identified that distinguish gastric cancer from normal tissue and benign gastric disease. However, findings from these few studies are at times conflicting. Most studies demonstrate some relationship of cancer cells to the warburg Effect, in that glycolysis predominates with conversion of pyruvate to lactate. This is one of the most consistent findings across the literature. There is less consistency in metabolomic signature with respect to nucleic acids, lipids and amino acids. In spite of this, metabolomics holds some promise for cancer surveillance but further studies are necessary to achieve consistency and validation before it can be widely employed as a clinical tool.

关键词： Gastric cancer Metabolomics Screening Biomarkers Surveillance

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Suicidal Behaviours in Sickle Cell Patients at the Douala Sickle Cell Care Centre in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 265-281页

作者： Christian Eyoum léonce Kengno Kologne Charlotte Eposse Ekoube Annick Mélanie Magnerou Joséphine Manga Befolo Cindy laura Ndepa daniel Gams Massi Aurore Nzesseu Djomo Guy Jonas Basseguin Atchou Guy Calvin Mbongo’O Rihta Mbono Mbekoto Iyawa Hassanatou Fabiola Tchouankeu Kounga Christiane Medi Sike Josiane Essola Jacques Narcisse Doumbe Erero Njiengwe Callixte Kuate Tegueu Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: Sickle cell anaemia is a hereditary disease that combines physical and psychological manifestations, including suicidal tendencies. So far, to our knowledge, no study has been conducted on suicidal behaviours among people with sickle cell disease in Cameroon. This is what justifies our study on the prevalence and factors related to suicidal behaviors in our study population. Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional, analytical study of 171 sickle cell patients aged from 12 years upwards who came to the sickle cell disease care service of the laquintinie Hospital in Douala, over a period of 6 months, that is, from 1 January to 31 June 2022. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with questions on suicidal behaviours based on the “MINI” (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview). The data were processed using the SPSS 26.0 software. The related factors were studied in both a bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Female sickle cell patients accounted for 60.2% of the sample. The mean age was 23.36 ± 8.42 years. Suicidal ideation was prevalent in 56% of cases and 13% attempted suicide. The factors most associated with suicidal ideation were: primary level of education (OR = 0.08 (0.09 - 0.79);p = 0.03), feeling unworthy of life (OR = 0.40 (0.08 - 1.96);p = 0.02), not often being considered by those around them (OR = 2.97 (1.26 - 6.99);p = 0.01), lack of family support (OR = 0.34 (0.15 - 0.77);p = 0.01). Meanwhile, the factors associated with suicide attempts were: the fact of being rarely exposed to suicide-related media (OR = 4.17 (1.40 - 71.80);p = 0.03), and a constant feeling of sadness when returning home (OR = 18.02 (1.59 - 20.55);p = 0.01). Conclusion: More than half of sickle cell patients had had suicidal thoughts and 1/6 had made at least one suicide attempt, women and young adults being the most concerned. It is therefore necessary to ensure optimum psychological care for patients with sickle cell disease.

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Suicidal Behaviours Self-Harm

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Spectrum of NSD1 gene mutations in southern Chinese patients with Sotos syndrome

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Chinese Medical Journal 2005年第18期118卷 1499-1506页

作者： Tony M.F. Tong Edgar w.l. Hau Ivan F.M. lo daniel H.C. Chan Stephen T.S. lam Clinical Genetic Service Department of Health Hong Kong SAR China Clinical Genetic Service Department of Health Hong Kong SAR China Clinical Genetic Service Department of Health Hong Kong SAR China Clinical Genetic Service Department of Health Hong Kong SAR China Clinical Genetic Service Department of Health Hong Kong SAR China

Background Sotos syndrome is an overgrowth syndrome with characteristic facial gestalt and mental retardation of variable severity. Haploinsufficiency of the NSD 1 gene has been implicated as the major cause of Sotos syndrome, with a predominance of microdeletions reported in Japanese patients. This study was conducted to investigate into the spectrum of NSD1 gene mutations in southern Chinese patients with Sotos syndrome. Methods Thirty-six Chinese patients with Sotos syndrome and two patients with weaver syndrome were subject to molecular testing. Results NSD1 gene mutations were detected in 26 （72%） Sotos patients. Microdeletion was found in only 3 patients, while the other 23 had point mutations （6 frameshift, 8 nonsense, 2 spice site, and 7 missense）. Of these, 19 mutations were never reported. NSD1 gene mutations were not found in the two patients with weaver syndrome. Conclusions Most cases of Sotos syndrome are caused by NSD1 gene defects, but the spectrum of mutations is different from that of Japanese patients. Genotype-phenotype correlation showed that patients with microdeletions might be more prone to congenital heart disease but less likely to have somatic overgrowth. The two patients with weaver syndrome were not found to have NSD1 gene mutations, but the number was too small for any conclusion to be drawn.

关键词： Sotos syndrome·weaver syndrome·NSD1 gene mutation

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Photo-controlled release of paclitaxel and model drugs from RNA pyramids

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Nano Research 2019年第1期12卷 41-48页

作者： Congcong Xu Hui li Kaiming Zhang daniel w.Binzel Hongran Yin wah Chiu Peixuan Guo Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanotnedicine Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical ChemistryCollege of PharmacyDorothy M.Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteCollege of Medicine and James Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA Departments of Bioengineering Microbiology and Immunologyand James H.Clark CenterStanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA SlAC National Accelerator laboratory Stanford UniversityMenlo ParkCA 94025USA

Stimuli-resp on sive release of drugs from a nano carrier in spatial-,temporal-,and dosage-controlled fashi ons is of great interest in the pharmaceutical *** is one of the most effective and popular chemotherapeutic drugs against a number of cancers such as metastatic or non metastatic breast can cer,non-small cell lung can cer,refractory ovaria n cancer,AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma,and head and neck can ***,by taki ng the adva ntage of RNA nanotechno logy in biomedical and material scie nee,we developed a three-dime nsional pyramid-shaped RNA nanocage for a photocontrolled release of cargo,using paclitaxel as a model *** light-triggered release of paclitaxel or fluorophore Cy5 was achieved by incorporation of photocleavable spacers into the RNA *** irradiation with ultraviolet light,cargos were rapidly released(within 5 min).In vitro treatment of breast can cer cells with the RNA nano particles harbori ng photocleavable paclitaxel showed higher cytotoxicity as compared to RNA nanoparticles without the photocleavable *** methodology provides proof of con cept for the applicati on of the light-triggered con trolled release of drugs from RNA nano cages.

关键词： RNA nanotechnology controlled release paclitaxel drug delivery RNA nanoparticles Phi29 three-way junction

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Role of matrix metalloproteinase,tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase and tumor necrosis factor-α single nucleotide gene polymorphisms in inflammatory bowel disease

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第21期13卷 2960-2966页

作者： Martin Jw Meijer Marij AC Mieremet-Ooms Ruud A van Hogezand Cornelis BHw lamers daniel w Hommes Hein w Verspaget Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands

AIM:To study the (functional) relevance of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-1,-2,-3,-9,tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1,-2 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the etiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD),that may enhance susceptibility and/or disease severity. METHODS:Genomic DNA from 134 Crohn's disease (CD),111 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and 248 control subjects was isolated from resected intestinal tissue or blood. Allelic composition at SNP loci was determined by PCR-RFlP or tetra primer ARMS PCR. RESUlTS:The TIMP-1 genotype TT in women and T in men at SNP +372 T/C was found to increase CD susceptibility (39% vs 23.8%,P=0.018 and 67.9% vs 51.6%,P=0.055,respectively),while women with this genotype were less prone to development of fistulae during follow-up (41.4% vs 68.3%,P=0.025). Male IBD or CD patients carrying the TIMP-1 +372 T-allele expressed lower levels of TIMP-1 in surgically resected macroscopically inflamed tissue (0.065 lications in CD during follow-up (91.2% vs 71.8%,P = 0.022) but seemed to protect against colonic involvement of this disease at first endoscopic/radiologic examination (35.3% vs 59.5%,P=0.017). CONClUSION:Allelic composition at the examinedSNPs in genes coding for TIMP-1 and MMP-3 affect CD susceptibility and/or phenotype,i.e.,fistulizing disease,stricture pathogenesis and first disease localisation. These findings reinforce the important role of these proteins in IBD.

关键词： Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Matrix metalloproteinases Inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases Single nucleotide gene polymorphisms

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Novel Coronaviruses and Astroviruses in Bats

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Virologica Sinica 2009年第2期24卷 100-104页

作者： daniel K. w. Chu J. S. Malik Peiris leo l. M. Poon State Key laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Hong Kong

Zoonotic transmissions of emerging pathogens from wildlife to human have shaped the history of mankind. These events have also highlighted our poor understanding of microorganisms circulated in wild animals. Coronaviruses and astroviruses,which can be found from a wide range of mammals,were recently detected in bats. Strikingly,these bat viruses are genetically highly diverse and these interesting findings might help to better understand the evolution and ecology of these viruses. The discoveries of these novel bats viruses not only suggested that bats are important hosts for these virus families,but also reiterated the role of bats as a reservoir of viruses that might pose a zoonotic threat to human health.

关键词： Coronavirus Astroviruses Emerging pathogens

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High refractive index of melanin in shiny occipital feathers of a bird of paradise

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light(Science & Applications) 2015年第1期4卷 518-523页

作者： Doekele G Stavenga Hein l leertouwer daniel C Osorio Bodo D wilts Computational Physics University of Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands School of life Sciences University of SussexBrightonBN19QGUK Adolphe Merkle Institute University of FribourgCH-1700 FribourgSwitzerland

Male lawes’s Parotia,a bird of paradise,use the highly directional reflection of the structurally colored,brilliant-silvery occipital feathers in their courtship *** in other birds,the structural coloration is produced by ordered melanin *** barbules of the Parotia’s occipital feathers,with thickness,3 μm,contain 6–7 layers of densely packed melanin rodlets(diameter,0.25 μm,length,2 μm).The effectively,0.2 μm thick melanin layers separated by,0.2 μm thick keratin layers create a multilayer interference *** measurements yielded peak wavelengths in the near-infrared at,1.3 μm,i.e.,far outside the visible wavelength *** the Jamin-lebedeff interference microscopy method recently developed for pigmented media,we here determined the refractive index of the intact *** thus derived the wavelength dependence of the refractive index of the barbules’melanin to be 1.7–1.8 in the visible wavelength *** the anatomical and refractive index data in an optical multilayer model,we calculated the barbules’reflectance,transmittance and absorptance spectra,thereby confirming measured spectra.

关键词： bird of paradise interference reflector iridescence Jamin-lebedeff microscopy multilayer

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Social interactivity in pigeon courtship behavior

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Current Zoology 2017年第1期63卷 85-95页

作者： Emma l.R. wARE daniel R. SAUNDERS Nikolaus F, TROJE Department of Psychology Queen's University Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada Centre for Neuroscience Studies Queen's University Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada wellesley Institute Toronto Ontario M4V 3B Canada Centre for Brain/Mind Sciences University of Trento Trento Italy Department of Biology Queen's University Kingston K7L 3N6 Canada

A closed-loop teleprompter system was used to isolate and manipulate social interactivity in thenatural courtship interactions of pigeons Columbia livia. In Experiment 1, a live face-to-face real-time interaction between 2 courting pigeons （live） was compared to a played back version of thevideo stimulus recorded during the pairs live interaction. we found that pigeons were behavinginteractively; their behavior depended on the relationships between their own signals and those oftheir partner. In Experiment 2, we tested whether social interactivity relies on spatial cues presentin the facing direction of a partner＇s display. By moving the teleprompter camera 90~ away from itsoriginal location, the partner＇s display was manipulated to appear as if it is directed 90~ away fromthe subject. we found no effect of spatial offset on the pigeon＇s behavioral response. In Experiment3, 3 time delays, 1 s, 3s, and 9s, a live condition, and a playback condition were chosen to investi-gate the importance of temporal contiguity in social interactivity. Furthermore, both opposite-sex（courtship） and same-sex （rivalry） pairs were studied to investigate whether social-context affectssocial interactivity sensitivity. Our results showed that pigeon courtship behavior is sensitive totemporal contiguity. Behavior declined in the 9 s and Playback conditions as compared to live con-dition and the shorter time delays. For males only, courtship behavior also increased in the 3-sdelay condition. The effect of social interactivity and time delay was not observed in rivalry inter-actions, suggesting that social interactivity may be specific to courtship.

关键词： courtship behavior, pigeons, social interactivity, spatial offset, time delay, video playback.

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