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Effective teaching of endoscopy:a qualitative study of the perceptions of gastroenterology fellows and attending gastroenterologists

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第2期4卷 125-130,I0002页

作者： daniel J.Zanchetti Samuel A.Schueler Brian C.Jacobson Robert C.Lowe Boston University Medical Center BostonMAUSA

Background:There is little information describing the perceptions of gastroenterology fellows and attending gastroenterologists of what constitutes effective teaching of *** sought to identify common themes regarding endoscopy training methods and their impact among fellows and ***:Focus group exercises and surveys were conducted among fellows,about educational resources,teaching techniques and ways of improving the teaching of *** fellows identified the‘best’teachers of endoscopy,who were interviewed regarding their training in endoscopy,their teaching methods,key points of information,and opinions on endoscopy ***:Nineteen fellows(68%)had attended the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy First Year Fellows’Endoscopy course and found it very *** fellows(46%)had exposure to an endoscopy simulator,but their median duration of use was only 1 *** two out of five fellowship programs used a formal endoscopic skill assessment tool and none of the programs had an endoscopy curriculum of which the fellows were *** reported that they learned endoscopy best by performing *** also volunteered that attending gastroenterologists used variable teaching methods,and might benefit from instruction on how to teach *** attending gastroenterologists(77%)had received training in advanced procedures;none received formal training on teaching endoscopy:they all felt that such training would be ***:A standardized endoscopy curriculum may be beneficial to fellows,who prefer to learn endoscopy by performing procedures—but they want explicit and specific *** those attending and the fellows thought that formal instruction for attending gastroenterologists on how to teach endoscopy would be beneficial,indicating a role for a‘teachthe-teacher’curriculum.

关键词： endoscopy curriculum teaching endoscopy gastroenterology fellowship training

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Identification of Natural Product-like Protein Inhibitors By Structure-based Virtual Screening

Identification of Natural Product-like Protein Inhibitors By...

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第十四届全国中药和天然药物学术研讨会

作者： Hai-Jing Zhong Li-Juan Liu Ka-Ho Leung daniel Shiu-Hin Chan Yitao Wang Dik-Lung ma Chung-Hang Leung University of macau Hong Kong Baptist University

＜正＞Virtual screening has recently emerged as a powerful technique to identify potential drug candidates against specific biomolecular targets,such as enzymes or protein *** screening can dramatically reduce the cost and time associated with chemical synthesis and/or biological testing by"weeding out"inactive chemical structures in silico.

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Preandean geological confguration of the eastern North Patagonian massif, Argentina

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第6期4卷 693-708页

作者： daniel A.Gregori José Kostadinoff Guillermina Alvarez Ariel Raniolo Leonardo Strazzere Juan C.martínez Mercedes Barros INGEOSUR Cátedra de Geología ArgentinaUniversidad Nacional del SurSan Juan 6708000 Bahía BlancaArgentina Departamento de Física Universidad Nacional del SurArgentina Cátedra de Geofísica Universidad Nacional del SurArgentina Cátedra de Cartografía Universidad Nacional del SurArgentina INGEOSUR Cátedra de PetrologíaUniversidad Nacional del SurArgentina

The Preandean geological configuration of the eastern North Patagonian massif is established through the use of geological and geophysical *** positive gravity anomalies located near the Atlantic coast are due to 535 and 540 ma old rocks belonging to the Pampean Orogeny （Precambrian-middle Cambrian）,which are widely recognized in central and northern *** Famatinian Cycle （Ordovician-Devonian） is represented by a Silurian-Devonian marine basin equivalent to those of eastern-central Argentina and South Africa,and which was deformed at the end of the Devonian byan～E-W to WNW-ESE compressional event,part of the Famatinian *** strong gravity gradients,the NW-SE belt is coincident with fault zones which were originated during the Gondwanide *** event also produced NW-SE overthrusting of the Silurian-Devonian sequences and strike-slip faults that displaced blocks in the same *** deformation event belongs to the Gondwanide Orogeny that includes movements related to a counterclockwise rotation of blocks in northern *** strong negative anomalies located in the western part of the area stem from the presence of rocks of the Jurassic Ca（n）adón Asfalto basin interbedded in the marifil *** volcaniclastic sequences show mild deformation of accommodation zones in a pre-Jurassic paleorelief.

关键词： Preandean geological configuration North Patagonia Argentina Tectonics

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Current trends and applications in endoscopy for otology and neurotology

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2021年第2期7卷 101-108页

作者： Sarah E.Ridge Kunal R.Shetty daniel J.Lee Eaton-Peabody Laboratories Massachusetts Eye and Ear InfirmaryBostonMAUSA Deportment of Otolorynsolosy Massachusetts Eye and Ear InfirmaryHarvard Medical SchoolBostonf MAf USA

There has been a rapid increase in endoscopic ear surgery for the management of middle ear and lateral skull base disease in children and adults over the last *** this review paper,we discuss the current trends and applications of the endoscope in the field of otology and *** of the endoscope include excellent ergonomics,compatibility with pediatric anatomy,and improved access to the middle ear through the external auditory *** endoscopic ear surgery has demonstrated comparable outcomes in the management of cholesteatoma,tympanic membrane perforations,and otosclerosis as compared to microscopic approaches,while utilizing less invasive surgical corridors and reducing the need for postauricular *** a postauricular approach is required,the endoscopic-assisted transmastoid approach can avoid a canal wall down mastoidectomy in cases of *** endoscope also has utility in treatment of superior canal dehiscence and various skull base lesions including glomus tumors,meningiomas,and vestibular *** of the operating room,the endoscope can be used during examination of the outer and middle ear and for debridement of complex mastoid *** these reasons,the endoscope is currently poised to transform the field of otology and neurotology.

关键词： Endoscopic ear surgery Transcanal endoscopic ear surgery Transmastoid endoscopic ear surgery Otoendoscopy Otology Neurotology

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Organization of long-range inputs and outputs of frontal cortex for top-down control

Organization of long-range inputs and outputs of frontal cor...

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中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Siyu Zhang Min Xu Wei-Cheng Chang Chenyan ma Johnny Phong Hoang Do daniel Jeong Tiffany Lei Jiang Lan Fan Yang Dan Discipline of Neuroscience Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Institute of Neuroscience State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences CAS Division of Neurobiology Department of Molecular and Cell Biology Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California

Long-range projections from the frontal cortex are known to modulate sensory processing in multiple modalities. Although the mouse has become an increasingly important animal model for studying the circuit basis of behavior, the functional organization of its frontal cortical long-range connectivity remains poorly characterized. Here we used virus-assisted circuit mapping to identify the brain networks for top-down modulation of visual, somatosensory and auditory processing. The visual cortex is reciprocally connected to the anterior cingulate area, whereas the somatosensory and auditory cortices are connected to the primary and secondary motor cortices. Anterograde and retrograde tracing identified the cortical and subcortical structures belonging to each network. Furthermore, using new viral techniques to target subpopulations of frontal neurons projecting to the visual cortex versus the superior colliculus, we identified two distinct subnetworks within the visual network. These findings provide an anatomical foundation for understanding the brain mechanisms underlying top-down control of behavior.

关键词： virus-assisted circuit mapping long-range projections visual network topdown control

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Anti-inflammatory effects of somatostatin receptor subtype 4 selective agonist J-2156 in rodents

Anti-inflammatory effects of somatostatin receptor subtype 4...

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第十五届国际药理学大会

作者： Pinter Erika Helyes Zsuzsanna Nemeth Jozsef Sandor Katalin Elekes Krisztian Szabo Arpad Pozsgai Gabor Engstrom ma Wurster Siegfried Keszthelyi daniel Szolcsanyi Janos Dept. of Pharmacol. University of Pecs Hungary Dept. of Pharmacol. University of Pecs Hungary Dept. of Pharmacol. University of Pecs Hungary Dept. of Pharmacol. University of Pecs Hungary Dept. of Pharmacol. University of Pecs Hungary Dept. of Pharmacol. University of Pecs Hungary Dept. of Pharmacol. University of Pecs Hungary Juvantia Pharma Ltd. Turku Finland Juvantia Pharma Ltd. Turku Finland Dept. of Pharmacol.University of Pecs Hungary Dept. of Pharmacol.University of Pecs Hungary

＜正＞ The aim of the present study was to investigate a,sst4 selective synthetic agonist, J- 2156,on sensory neuropeptide release and acute inflammatory processes. Electrically - induced release of substance P,calcitonin gene - related peptide and somatostatin from isolated rat tracheae was measured with radioimmunoassay. Mustard oil - induced neurogenic inflammation in the rat hindpaw skin was determined by Evans blue accumulation and in the mouseear with a micrometer. Dextran -carrageenan - induced non - neurogenic inflammation was measured by *** accumulation evoked by IL - 1 beta or zymosan in the murine back skin was determined with myeloperoxidase assay.J - 2156 （10 - 2000 nM） concentration- dependently diminished neuropeptide release. It also inhibited neurogenic and non - neurogenic acute inflammatory processes but did not influence IL - 1 beta or zymosan - induced leukocyte accumulation. These results suggest that J - 2156 acting on sst4 inhibits neuropeptide release and vascular components of inflammation therefore opens new way in antiinflammatory treatment.

关键词： somatostatin sst4 receptor neuropeptides inflammation

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Segment boundaries of the adult rat epididymis limit interstitial signaling by potential paracrine factors and segments lose differential gene expression after efferent duct ligation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 565-573页

作者： Terry T. Tumer daniel S. Johnston Scott A. Jelinsky Jose L. Tomsig Joshua N. Finger Department of Urology University of Virginia Health Science System Charlottesville VA 22908 US Cell Biology University of Virginia Health Science System Charlottesville VA 22908 US Contraception Women＇s Health and Musculoskeletal Biology Wyeth Research Collegeville PA 19426 USA Biological Technologies Molecular Profiling and Biomarker Discovery Wyeth Research Cambridge MA 02140 USA

The epididymis is divided into caput, corpus and cauda regions, organized into intraregional segments separated by connective tissue septa （CTS）. In the adult rat and mouse these segments are highly differentiated. Regulation of these segments is by endocrine, lumicrine and paracrine factors, the relative importance of which remains under investigation. Here, the ability of the CTS to limit signaling in the interstitial compartment is reviewed as is the effect of 15 days of unilateral efferent duct ligation （EDL） on ipsilateral segmental transcriptional profiles. Inter-segmental microperifusions of epidermal growth factor （EGF）, vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGFA） and fibroblast growth factor 2 （FGF2） increased phosphorylation of mitogen activated protein kinase （maPK） in segments 1 and 2 of the rat epididymis and the effects of all factors were limited by the CTS separating the segments. Microan＇ay analysis of segmental gene expression determined the effect of 15 days of unilateral EDL on the transcriptome-wide gene expression of rat segments 1-4. Over 11 000 genes were expressed in each of the four segments and over 2 000 transcripts in segment 1 responded to deprivation of testicular lumicrine factors. Segments 1 and 2 of control tissues were the most transcriptionally different and EDL had its greatest effects there. In the absence of lumicrine factors, all four segments regressed to a transcriptionally undifferentiated state, consistent with the less differentiated histology. Deprivation of lumicrine factors could stimulate an individual gene＇s expression in some segments yet suppress it in others. Such results reveal a higher complexity of the regulation of rat epididymal segments than that is generally appreciated. （Asian J Androl 2007 July; 9： 565-573）

关键词： efferent duct ligation dedifferentiation proximal epididymis

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MRI findings in injured articular cartilage of the knee correlated with surgical findings

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第21期122卷 2624-2630页

作者： LI Xiao-ming PENG Wen-jia WU Hua Kacher daniel XIA Li-ming AI Fei LI Feng XIONG Wei Department of Radiology Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan Hubei 430030 China Department of Orthopaedics Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan Hubei 430030 China Department of Radiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School 75 Francis Street Boston MA 02115 USA

Background There is a strong need for quick noninvasive diagnostic technique that can give a valid estimate of the status of the cartilage reliably, discriminating intact cartilage from various grades of impaired cartilage. The goal of this study was to assess the incidence of knee cartilage injuries and compare the accuracy of two-dimension spin echo （2D SE） and fast spin echo （FSE）（conventional MRI）, three-dimensional spoiled gradient echo （3D SPGR）, three-dimensional fast imaging employing steady state acquisition （3D FIESTA） MR imaging sequences with surgical examination of the articular cartilage. Methods One hundred and thirty-eight knees with history of knee trauma received conventional MRI, 3D SPGR and 3D FIESTA MRI examination before surgery, and surgical examination of articular cartilage was used as reference standard. A modified version of the Noyes classification system was applied for the evaluation of the lateral femoral condyle （LFC）, medial femoral condyle （MFC）, lateral tibial plateau （LTP）, medial tibial plateau （MTP）, trochlea and patella. The incidence and distributions of different injured grades at different articular surfaces of knee were assessed. A series of assessment indeces of 3D SPGR, 3D FIESTA, and the combination of the conventional MRI and 3D SPGR imaging were calculated. Results The incidence of cartilage defects （grade 2 to 4） was 22% （183/828）, according to surgical examination. Grade 3 and 4 lesions were absent at the medial tibial plateau. The rates of exact match between the grading results of different MRI procedures and surgical examination were 49% of 3D SPGR, 61% of 3D FIESTA, and 82% of the combination of 3D SPGR and conventional MRI. Also, the combination of 3D SPGR and conventional MR imaging provided the highest sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values, at 71%, 97%, 90%, 90% and 90%, respectively. Conclusions For all the articular surfaces of the traumatic knees, about one fifth （22%）

关键词： cartilage of knee trauma 3D SPGR 3D FIESTA

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Observation of electron weak localization and correlation effects in disordered graphene

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第9期52卷 1293-1298页

作者： TAN ChangLing TAN ZhenBing ma Li QU FanMing YANG Fan CHEN Jun LIU GuangTong YANG HaiFang YANG ChangLi LU Li daniel Chee Tsui Laboratory Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Laboratory of Microfabrication Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

We have studied the electron transport properties of a disordered graphene sample, where the disorder was intentionally strengthened by Ga+ ion irradiation. The magneto-conductance of the sample exhibits a typical two-dimensional electron weak localization behavior, with electron-electron interaction as the dominant dephasing mechanism. The absence of electron anti-weak localization in the sample implies strong intersublattice and/or intervalley scattering caused by the disorders. The temperature and bias-voltage dependencies of conductance clearly reveal the suppression of conductance at low energies, indicating opening of a Coulomb gap due to electron-electron interaction in the disordered graphene sample.

关键词： graphene weak-localization electron-electron interaction power law

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The Puesto Piris Formation: Evidence of basin-development in the North Patagonian massif during crustal extension associated with Gondwana breakup

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第1期10卷 299-314页

作者： Leonardo Strazzere daniel A.Gregori Leonardo Benedini Paulo marcos Mercedes V.Barros mauro C.Geraldes Cecilia Pavon Pivetta Instituto Geológico del Sur Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Av Cátedra de Geología Minera Universidad Nacional del Sur Cátedra de Geología Argentina Universidad Nacional del Sur Av Cátedra de Geofísica Departamento de Geología Universidad Nacional del Sur Av Departamento de Geología Regional Facultad de Geología Universidad Estatal de Rio de Janeiro

The marifil Volcanic Complex, exposed in the eastern North Patagonian massif, Argentina, includes up to 550 m of red conglomerates, sandstones, black siltstones, limestones, and reworked tuff of the Puesto Piris Formation. The basal part of this unit, which was deposited in high-gradient topographic relief, is composed of conglomerates and sandstones with thin layers of reworked tuffs. The lithofacies associations of the basal part indicate that the depositional mechanisms were mantled and gravitational *** middle part of the unit consists of fine sandstones, limestones, and black siltstones that were deposited in low-energy fluvial and lacustrine environments. The outcrops are located along the NEe SW direction and the major thickest units represented by limestones and siltstones, occur near the southeastern border of this NEeS W depocenter. Since the rhyolitic and trachytic lava flows and tuffs of the marifil Volcanic Complex are interbedded with the sedimentary sequences of the Puesto Piris Formation,both units are coeval. Zircon Ue Pb age was obtained for a trachytic lava flow(193.4 ±3.1 ma) suggesting that sedimentation and volcanism are Sinemurian. This extensional episode was recorded in the eastern,western, and southwestern sectors of the North Patagonian massif, and is possibly associated with the Gondwana supercontinent breakup.

关键词： Puesto Piris Formation Early Jurassic North Patagonian massif

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