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Fluidization behavior and reducibility of iron ore fines during hydrogen-induced fluidized bed reduction

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Particuology 2020年第5期18卷 36-46页

作者： daniel Spreitzer johannes Schenk Chair of Ferrous Metallurgy Montanuniversitaet LeobenFranz-Josef-Straβe 188700 LeobenAustria

A laboratory fluidized bed reactor was used to investigate the fluidization behavior and reducibility of various iron ore *** was chosen as a reducing agent across a temperature range of 873-1073 *** magnetite ore used exhibited strong sticking behavior after the initiation of metallic iron *** other tested ores fluidized sufficiently well when subjected to the same high reduction *** kinetic analysis was conducted using a previously developed model to include three rate-limiting step *** trend of apparent activation energy was correlated with the degree of ***,the influence of varying the specific gas rate was *** results show the variation in reducibility as a result of different interactions,which influence the rate-limiting mechanisms of nucleation and the undertaken chemical reactions,which vary as a function of temperature and degree of *** apparent activation energies,determined from the reduction of wtistite to metallic iron,were in the range of 15-60 kj/mol,depending on the iron ore used and the degree of *** change in apparent activation energy deriving from the increased specific gas rate can be explained by an increasing nucleation effect,especially at lower reduction temperatures.

关键词： Fluidized bed Iron ore reduction Hydrogen Fluidization behavior Kinetic analysis

The idealist and pragmatist view of qi in tai chi and qigong:A narrative commentary and review

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journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第5期18卷 363-368页

作者： george Chengxi Bao Section of Hospital Medicine Division of General Internal MedicineDepartment of MedicineWeill Cornell MedicineNew York 10038USA

Qi, often translated as ‘‘vital energy," is a central concept in tai chi and qigong that has puzzled physicians, scientists, and people in the West. To date, qi is not falsifiable by the scientific method and thus cannot be subject to scientific inquiry, leading many to criticize it as ‘‘pseudoscientific." Even as medical research reveals the health benefits of tai chi and qigong, many wonder how to treat this seemingly outdated concept when promoting these meditative practices. While some tai chi and qigong practitioners insist on the existence of qi, more skeptical thinkers suggest that a scientific understanding should replace this ‘‘superstitious" idea. Integrative health professionals must be equipped to discuss this concept intelligently by considering a couple of subtle, clarifying points often missing from the ***, science's inability to verify qi's existence does not affirm its nonexistence. In fact, under the philosophical system of idealism, qi might not be said to be less real than things that are verifiable by ***, under the instrumental and pragmatic view of science, health professionals should be cautious not to declare what is metaphysically real or unreal but instead what is useful and not useful. Second,even though qi may be pseudoscientific, it remains useful and indispensable to the correct practice of tai chi and qigong. Tai chi and qigong practitioners routinely visualize and perceive the flow of qi to guide their movements, breathing, and mental activity. As such, qi and related metaphysical concepts serve as a useful mental model during practice, and belief in them may be viewed as an ‘‘expedient means" to achieve one's health goals.

关键词： Integrative medicine Tai chi Qigong Pseudoscience Qi Philosophy

Effects of a remote,YouTube-delivered exercise intervention on young adults’physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic:Randomized controlled trial

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第2期11卷 145-156,I0002页

作者： daniel j.McDonough Melina A.Helgeson Wenxi Liu Zan Gao School of Kinesiology University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMN 55455USA Carlson School of Management University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMN 55455USA

Background:Public health guidelines have called for innovative and flexible physical activity(PA)intervention strategies to promote PA and health amid the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)***,this study’s purpose was to examine the effects of a home-based,YouTube-delivered PA intervention grounded in self-determination theory on young adults’free-living PA,sedentary behavior,and sleep quality(NCT04499547).Methods:Sixty-four young adults(48 females;age=22.8±3.4 years,mean±SD;body mass index=23.1±2.6 kg/m^(2))were randomized(1:1)into the intervention group,which received weekly aerobic and muscle-strengthening PA videos,or control group,which received weekly general health education videos,for 12 *** primary outcome was free-living moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)and our secondary outcomes were sedentary behavior,light PA,and sleep quality(measured using ActiGraph accelerometers)along with muscle-strengthening PA frequency,self-determination theory-related motivation(non-regulation,external regulation,introjected regulation,identified regulation,integrated regulation,and intrinsic regulation),and perceived PA barriers(assessed using validated questionnaires).Repeated measures analysis of variances(ANOVAs)examined between-group differences at an adjusted significance level of 0.004 and effect sizes as partial eta-squared(η;).Results:We observed statistically significant interaction effects for MVPA,sleep efficiency,muscle-strengthening PA frequency,non-regulation,integrated regulation,intrinsic regulation,and perceived PA barriers(F(1,62)=10.75-77.67,pjected,and identified regulations after 12 weeks(F(1,62)=1.11-3.64,p=0.06-0.61).Conclusion:With national COVID-19 restrictions still in place and uncertainty regarding post-pandemic PA envir

关键词： High-intensity interval training Resistance-training Self-determination theory Social media Video

The tortuous path of lactate shuttle discovery:From cinders and boards to the lab and ICU

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第5期9卷 446-460页

作者： george A.Brooks Exercise Physiology Laboratory Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of California BerkeleyCA 94720-3140USA

Once thought to be a waste product of oxygen limited(anaerobic)metabolism,lactate is now known to form continuously under fully oxygenated(aerobic)*** shuttling between producer(driver)and consumer cells fulfills at least 3 purposes;lactate is:(1)a major energy source,(2)the major gluconeogenic precursor,and(3)a signaling *** Lactate Shuttle theory is applicable to diverse fields such as sports nutrition and hydration,resuscitation from acidosis and Dengue,treatment of traumatic brain injury,maintenance of glycemia,reduction of inflammation,cardiac support in heart failure and following a myocardial infarction,and to improve ***,dysregulated lactate shuttling disrupts metabolic flexibility,and worse,supports *** production in cancer(the Warburg effect)is involved in all main sequela for carcinogenesis:angiogenesis,immune escape,cell migration,metastasis,and self-sufficient *** history of the tortuous path of discovery in lactate metabolism and shuttling was discussed in the 2019 American College of Sports Medicine joseph *** Lecture in Orlando,FL.

关键词： Anaerobic metabolism Exercise Glycolysis Oxidative metabolism Warburg Effect

Human T-cell immunity against the emerging and re-emerging viruses

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第12期60卷 1307-1316页

作者： Min Zhao Hangjie Zhang Kefang Liu george F.Gao William j.Liu Research Network of lmmunity and Health(RN1H) Beijing Institutes of Life ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases Ministry of Health of People's Republic of ChinaNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Over the past decade, we have seen an alarming number of high-profile outbreaks of newly emerging and re-emerging *** outbreaks of avian influenza viruses, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, Zika virus and Ebola virus present great threats to global health. Considering the pivotal role of host T-cell immunity in the alleviation of symptoms and the clearance of viruses in patients, there are three issues to be primarily concerned about T-cell immunity when a new virus emerges: first, does the population possess pre-existing T-cells against the new virus through previous infections of genetically relevant viruses; second, does a proper immune response arise in the patients to provide protection through an immunopathogenic effect; lastly, how long can the virus-specific immune memory persist. Herein, we summarize the current updates on the characteristics of human T-cell immunological responses against recently emerged or re-emerged viruses, and emphasize the necessity for timely investigation on the T-cell features of these viral diseases, which may provide beneficial recommendations for clinical diagnosis and vaccine development.

关键词： emerging viruses avian influenza H7N9 MERS-CoV Zika Ebola human immunity T-cell cross-reactivity

Examining the“revisability”benefit of hip resurfacing arthroplasty

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World journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期15卷 554-559页

作者： jose george Adam j Taylor Thomas P Schmalzried Department of Orthopedics Harbor UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90509United States

BACKGROUND Hip resurfacing arthroplasty(HRA)is an alternative to total hip arthroplasty(THA)that is typically reserved for young active patients because it preserves ***,the benefits of HRA only hold true if conversion THA after failed HRA provides acceptable *** To compare patient reported outcomes for conversion THA after HRA failure to primary *** A retrospective review of 36 patients(37 hips)that underwent conversion THA for failed HRA between October 2006 and May 2019 by a single surgeon was *** reported outcomes[modified Harris Hip Score(mHHS),University of California Los Angeles(UCLA)activity score]were obtained via an email-based responder-anonymous *** were compared to normative data of a primary THA cohort with similar *** analysis was performed comparing outcomes of conversion THA for adverse local tissue reaction(ALTR)vs all other causes for *** The study group had a lower mHHS than the control group(81.7±13.8 vs 90.2±11.6,P<0.01);however,both groups had similar UCLA activity levels(7.5±2.3 vs 7.2±1.6,P=0.51).Patients that underwent conversion for non-ATLR causes had similar mHHS(85.2±11.5 vs 90.2±11.6,P=0.11)and higher UCLA activity levels(8.5±1.8 vs 7.2±1.6,P<0.01)compared to the control *** that underwent conversion for ATLR had worse mHHS(77.1±14.5 vs 90.2±11.6,P<0.01)and UCLA activity levels(6.1±2.3 vs 7.2±1.6,P=0.05)when compared to the control *** Patient outcomes equivalent to primary THA can be achieved following HRA conversion to ***,inferior outcomes were demonstrated for ALTR-related HRA *** selection and perhaps further studies examining alternative HRA bearing surfaces should be considered.

关键词： Total hip arthroplasty Hip resurfacing arthroplasty Conversion total hip arthroplasty Adverse local tissue reaction Patient reported outcome measures

Inflation Targeting and Inflation Persistence

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Economic and Political Studies 2015年第1期3卷 3-17页

作者： george j.BRATSIOTIS jAKOB MADSEN CHRISTOPHER MARTIN the School of Social Sciences University of Manchester the Department of Economics Monash University the Department of Economics University of Bath

This paper argues that the adoption of an inflation target reduces the persistence of *** develop the theoretical literature on inflation persistence by introducing a Taylor Rule for monetary policy into a model of persistence and showing that inflation targets reduce inflation *** investigate changes in the time series properties of inflation in seven countries that introduced inflation targets in the late 1980s or early *** find that the persistence of inflation is greatly reduced or eliminated following the introduction of inflation targets.

关键词： Taylor Rule inflation targeting Phillips Curve inf

Multicellular Systems Biology: Quantifying Cellular Patterning and Function in Plant Organs Using Network Science

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Molecular Plant 2019年第6期12卷 731-742页

作者： george W.Bassel School of Biosciences University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK

Organ function is at least partially shaped and constrained by the organization of their constituent cells. Extensive investigation has revealed mechanisms explaining how these patterns are generated, with less being known about their functional relevance. In this paper, a methodology to discretize and quantitatively analyze cellular patterning is described. By performing global organ-scale cellular interaction mapping, the organization of cells can be extracted and analyzed using network science. This provides a means to take the developmental analysis of cellular organization in complex organisms beyond qualitative descriptions and provides data-driven approaches to inferring cellular function. The bridging of a structure- function relationship in hypocotyl epidermal cell patterning through global topological analysis provides support for this approach. The analysis of cellular topologies from patterning mutants further enables the contribution of gene activity toward the organizational properties of tissues to be linked, bridging molecular and tissue scales. This systems-based approach to investigate multicellular complexity paves the way to uncovering the principles of complex organ design and achieving predictive genotypephenotype mapping.

关键词： organ network connectivity transport tissue topology connectome

Towards maximized utilization of iridium for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2019年第9期12卷 2275-2280页

作者： Marc Ledendecker Simon Geiger Katharina Hengge joohyun Lim Serhiy Cherevko Andrea M. Mingers daniel Gohl Guilherme V. Fortunato daniel jalalpoor Ferdi Schuth Christina Scheu Karl j. j. Mayrhofer Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering Nanoanalytics and Interfaces Max-Planck-Institut fur Eisenforschung GmbH40237 DusseldorfGermany Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis Max-Planck-Institut fur KohlenforschungKaiser- Wilhelm-Platz 145470 Mulheim an der RuhrGermany Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nurnbergfar Renewable Energy (IEK-11) Forschungszentrum Jillich91058 ErlangenGermany Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Friedrich-Alexander- Universitat Erlangen -Nurnberg91058 ErlangenGermany Institute of Chemistry Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulAv. Senador Filin to Muller1555Campo GrandeMS 79074-460Brazil

The reduction in noble metal content for efficient oxygen evolution catalysis is a crucial aspect towards the large scale commercialisation of polymer electrolyte membrane *** catalytic stability and activity are inversely related,long service lifetime still demands large amounts of low-abundant and expensive *** this manuscript we elaborate on the concept of maximizing the utilisation of iridium for the oxygen evolution *** combining different tin oxide based support materials with liquid atomic layer deposition of iridium oxide,new possibilities are opened up to grow thin layers of iridium oxide with tuneable noble metal ***-situ,time-and potential-resolved dissolution experiments reveal how the stability of the substrate and the catalyst layer thickness directly affect the activity and stability of deposited iridium *** on our results,we elaborate on strategies how to obtain stable and active catalysts with maximized iridium utilisation for the oxygen evolution reaction and demonstrate how the activity and durability can be tailored *** results highlight the potential of utilizing thin noble metal films with earth abundant *** for future catalytic applications in the energy sector.

关键词： oxygen evolution reaction liquid atomic layer depositi on catalysis iridium core-shell nano particles