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Using SWAT to simulate crop yields and salinity levels in the North Fork River Basin,USA

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological engineering 2015年第3期8卷 110-124页

作者： Aaron R.Mittelstet daniel e.storm Art L.Stoecker Department of Biosystems and Agricultural engineering Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma 74078USA Department of Agricultural economics Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma 74078USA

Crop yields and salinity levels in the North Fork of the Red River(North Fork River)basin,located in southwestern Oklahoma and the Texas Panhandle,were analyzed based on the diverse climate in the *** irrigation water is a major problem in the *** elm Fork Creek flows through salt deposits,making the creek and its receiving stream,the North Fork River,too saline to use for *** greatly reduces the number of hectares that can be utilized for agricultural crops within the basin.A baseline SWAT model was setup,calibrated and validated to simulate streamflow and wheat and cotton *** SWAT model and a regression equation were used to analyze variable weather impacts on crop yields and salinity *** the weather generator WXGeN and 58 years of observed weather data,ten 50-year weather datasets were *** from the weather generator was input into the calibrated SWAT model to simulate wheat and dryland and irrigated cotton yields for the ten weather *** an empirical relationship between ionic strength and streamflow,salinity levels were *** the crop yields varied greatly from year to year,the yields were not significantly different over the 50-year simulation *** electrical conductivity(eC,expressed in decisiemens per meter or dS/m)at the US Geological Survey gage station just downstream of the salt deposits was significantly different with levels ranging from 40 to 65 dS/*** the water in the elm Fork is much too saline to use for irrigation,the water in the North Fork River may be used as long as the flow rates in the river are greater than 0.60 m3/*** order to optimize the available cropland,a salinity control must be installed upstream of the salt deposits on the elm Fork Creek.

关键词： salinity SWAT crop yield wheat modeling cotton modeling Red River

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A pharmacologist's journey in medical education:a personal history

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第9期25卷 102-106页

作者： e e daniel AB T6G 2H7 Canada Department of Pharmacology Room 9-10 edmonton MSB University of Alberta

My journey as an educator in Pharmacology began in 1949, when, after finishing my MA in Biology at Johns Hopkins, Ⅰ decided that Ⅰ wanted to be involved in science with more relevance to humans. Ⅰhad been chasing f... 详细信息

关键词： ACe A pharmacologist’s journey in medical education

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evaluating the morphology of the degradation layer of pure magnesium via 3D imaging at resolutions below 40 nm

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第12期6卷 4368-4376页

作者： Berit Zeller-Plumhoff daniel Laipple Hanna Slominska Kamila Iskhakova elena Longo Alexander Hermann Silja Flenner Imke Greving Malte.storm Regine Willumeit-Romer Helmholtz-Zentrum hereon GmbH Institute of Metallic BiomaterialsMax-Planck-Straße 121502GeesthachtGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum hereon GmbH Research ReactorMax-Planck-Straße 121502GeesthachtGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum hereon GmbH Institute of Materials PhysicsMax-Planck-Straße 121502GeesthachtGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum hereon GmbH Institute of Materials Systems ModellingMax-Planck-Straße 121502GeesthachtGermany Diamond Light Source Ltd. Diamond HouseHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOX110DEUnited Kingdom

Magnesium is attractive for the application as a temporary bone implant due to its inherent biodegradability,non-toxicity and suitable mechanical *** degradation process of magnesium in physiological environments is complex and is thought to be a diffusion-limited transport *** use a multi-scale imaging approach using micro computed tomography and transmission X-ray microscopy(TXM)at resolutions below 40 ***,we are able to evaluate the nanoporosity of the degradation layer and infer its impact on the degradation process of pure magnesium in two physiological *** samples were degraded in simulated body fluid(SBF)or Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium(DMeM)with 10%fetal bovine serum(FBS)for one to four *** reveals the three-dimensional interconnected pore network within the degradation layer for both *** pore network morphology and degradation layer composition are similar for all *** contrast,the degradation layer thickness in samples degraded in SBF was significantly higher and more inhomogeneous than in DMeM+10%*** features could be observed within the degradation layer of samples degraded in SBF,suggesting the formation of microgalvanic cells,which are not present in samples degraded in DMeM+10%*** results suggest that the nanoporosity of the degradation layer and the resulting ion diffusion processes therein have a limited influence on the overall degradation *** indicates that the influence of organic components on the dampening of the degradation rate by the suppression of microgalvanic degradation is much greater in the present study.

关键词： Magnesium degradation Porosity Transmission X-ray microscopy 3D imaging

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Utilizing zebrafish and okadaic acid to study Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第9期13卷 1538-1541页

作者： daniel Koehler Frederick e.Williams Department of Pharmacology and experimental Therapeutics University of Toledo

Despite the many years of extensive research using rodent models to study Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, no cure or disease halting drug exists. An increasing number of people are suffering from the disease and a therapeutic intervention is needed. Therefore, it is necessary to have complementary models to aid in the drug discovery. The zebrafish animal model is emerging as a valuable model for the investigation of AD and neurodegenerative drug discovery. The main genes involved in human AD have homologous counter- parts in zebrafish and have conserved function. The basic brain structure of the zebrafish is also conserved when compared to the mammalian brain. Recently an AD model was established by administering okadaic acid to zebrafish. It was used to test the efficacy of a novel drug, lanthionine ketimine-5-ethyl ester, and to elucidate its mechanism of action. This demonstrated the ability of the okadaic acid-induced AD zebrafish model to be implemented in the drug discovery process for therapeutics against AD.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Zebrafish okadaic acid protein phosphatase 2A learning and memory lanthionine ketimine-5-ethyl ester

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Clostridium difficile infection in the community:Are proton pump inhibitors to blame?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第40期19卷 6710-6713页

作者： daniel e Freedberg Julian A Abrams Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNY 10032United States

Once a nosocomial disease,Clostridium difficile infection(CDI)now appears frequently in the community in the absence of exposure to *** studies have shown that patients with community-acquired CDI are younger,more likely to be female,and have fewer comorbidities compared to patients with hospital-associated *** most studies of CDI are hospitalbased,comparatively little is known about communityacquired *** recent study by Chitnis has received widespread attention because it used active surveillance to capture all cases of community-acquired CDI within a large population and assessed key risk *** authors found that low-level healthcare exposure and proton pump inhibitor use were common among those with non-antibiotics associated,community-acquired *** this commentary,we discuss the changing epidemiology of community-acquired CDI and the evidence basis for the controversial association between proton pump inhibitors and community-acquired CDI.

关键词： Clostridium difficile Pseudomembranous enterocolitis Proton pump inhibitors Anti-bacterial agents Pharmacoepidemiology Public health Disease outbreaks epidemics

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Neoadjuvant therapy for pancreas cancer: Past lessons and future therapies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第42期20卷 15564-15579页

作者： Jeffrey M Sutton daniel e Abbott Department of Surgery Division of Surgical Oncology University of Cincinnati Medical Center

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains a most deadly malignancy, with an overall 5-year survival of 5%. A subset of patients will be diagnosed with potentially resectable disease, and while complete surgical resection provides the only chance at cure, data from trials of postoperative chemoradiation and/or chemotherapy demonstrate a modest survival advantage over those patients who undergo resection alone. As such, most practitioners believe that completion of multimodality therapy is the optimal treatment. However, the sequence of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy is frequently debated, as patients may benefit from a neoadjuvant approach by initiating chemotherapy and/or chemoradiation prior to resection. Here we review the rationale for neoadjuvant therapy, which includes a higher rate of completion of multimodality therapy, minimizing the risk of unnecessary surgical resection for patients who develop early metastatic disease, improved surgical outcomes and the potential for longer overall survival. However, there are no prospective, randomized studies of the neoadjuvant approach compared to a surgeryfirst strategy; the established and ongoing investigations of neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer are discussed in detail. Lastly, as the future of therapeutic regimens is likely to entail patient-specific genetic and molecular analyses, and the treatment that is best applied based on those data, a review of clinically relevant biomarkers in pancreatic cancer is also presented.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Neoadjuvant therapy Chemotherapy Chemoradiation Biomarkers

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Novel technique to investigate the convergence analysis of the tempered fractional natural transform method applied to diffusion equations

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Journal of Ocean engineering and Science 2023年第6期8卷 636-646页

作者： Nazek A.Obeidat daniel e.Bentil Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of VermontBurlingtonVermont 05405USA

In this research work,we present proof of the existence and uniqueness of solution for a novel method called tempered fractional natural transforms(TFNT)and give error *** efficient method is applied to models,such as the time-space tempered fractional convection-diffusion equation(FCDe)and tempered fractional Black-Scholes equation(FBSe).We obtain exact solutions for these models using our methodology,which is very important for knowing the wave behavior in ocean engineering models and for the studies related to marine science and *** exact solutions to tempered fractional differential equations(TFDes)is far from ***,the proposed method is an excellent addition to the myriad of techniques for solving TFDe problems.

关键词： Tempered fractional calculus Diffusion equation Caputo derivative Riemann-Liouville derivative Integral transforms

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Microbiome as mediator: Do systemic infections start in the gut?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第37期21卷 10487-10492页

作者： Melissa Latorre Suneeta Krishnareddy daniel e Freedberg Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Columbia University Medical Center

The intestinal microbiome is emerging as a crucial mediator between external insults and systemic infections. New research suggests that our intestinal microorganisms contribute to critical illness and the development of non-gastrointestinal infectious *** pathways include a loss of fecal intestinal bacterial diversity and a disproportionate increase in toxogenic bacterial species. Therapeutic interventions targeting the microbiome- primarily probiotics- have yielded limited results to date. However, knowledge in this area is rapidly expanding and microbiome-based therapy such as short-chain fatty acids may eventually become a standard strategy for preventing systemic infections in the context of critical illness.

关键词： Clostridium difficile Gut Microbiome Critical illn

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The potential role of fluids during regional granulitefacies dehydration in the lower crust

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Geoscience Frontiers 2012年第6期3卷 813-827页

作者： daniel e.Harlov GeoForschungsZentrum Telegrafenberg D-14473 PotsdamGermany

High-grade dehydration of amphibolite-facies rocks to granulite-facies is a process that can involve partial melting, fluid-aided solid-state dehydration, or varying degrees of both. On the localized meter scale, solid-state dehydration, due to CO：-rich fluids traveling along some fissure or crack and subsequently outwards along the mineral grain boundaries of the surrounding rock, normally is the means by which the breakdown of biotite and amphibole to orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene occur. Various mineral textures and changes in mineral chemistry seen in these rocks are also seen in more regional orthopyroxene-clinopyroxene-bearing rocks which, along with accompanying amphibolite-facies rocks, form traverses of lower crust. This suggests that solid-state dehydration during high-grade metamorphism could occur on a more regional scale. The more prominent of these fluid-induced textures in the granulite- facies portion of the traverse take the form of micro-veins of K-feldspar along quartz grain boundaries and the formation of monazite inclusions in fluorapatite. The fluids believed responsible take the form of concentrated NaCl- and KCl- brines from a basement ultramafic magma heat source traveling upwards along grain boundaries. Additional experimental work involving CaSO4 dissolution in NaCl-brines, coupled with natural observation of oxide and sulfide mineral associations in granulite-facies rocks, have demonstrated the possibility that NaCl-brines, with a CaSO4 component, could impose the oxygen fugacity on these rocks as opposed to the oxygen fugacity being inherent in their protoliths. These results, taken together, lend credence to the idea that regional chemical modification of the lower crust is an evolutionary process controlled by fluids migrating upwards from the lithospheric mantle along grain boundaries into and through the lower crust where they both modify the rock and are modified by *** presence allows for rapid mass and heat transport and sub

关键词： Charnockite CO2-rich fluids NaCl-KCl brines Granulite-faciesmetamorphism Solid-state dehydrationPetrology

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The Bamble Sector,South Norway:A review

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第5期5卷 635-658页

作者： Timo G.Nijland daniel e.Harlov Tom Andersen TNO P.O.Box 49.2600 AA Delft.The Netherlands GeoForschungsZentrum Telegrafenberg14473 Potsdam.Germany Department of Geology.University of Johannesburg P.O.Box 524.Auckland Park 2006.South Africa Department of Geosciences.University of Oslo P.O.Box 1047.Blindern.0316 Oslo Norway

The Proterozoic Bamble Sector, South Norway, is one of the world＇s classic amphiboliteto granulite- facies transition zones. It is characterized by a well-developed isograd sequence, with isolated ＇granulite-facies islands＇ in the amphibolite-facies portion of the transition zone. The area is notable for the discovery of C02-dominated fluid inclusions in the granolite-facies rocks by Jacques Touter in the late 1960＇s, which triggered discussion of the role of carbonic fluids during granulite genesis. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of the Bamble Sector, with an emphasis on the Arendal-Froland-Nelaug-Tvedestrand area and off shore islands （most prominantly Tromay and Hisoy） where the transition zone is best developed. After a brief overview of the history of geological research and mining in the area, aspects of sedimentary, metamorphic and magmatic petrology of the Bamble Sector are discussed, including the role of fluids. Issues relevant to current geotectonic models for SW Scandinavia, directly related to the Bamble Sector, are discussed at the end of the review.

关键词： Bamble SectorSouth NorwayCharnockiteAmphibolire- ro granulire-facies transitionCO2BrinesPrecambrian

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