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Numerical study on the use of soft material walls to enhance seismic performance of an existing tunnel

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Underground Space 2024年第2期15卷 90-112页

作者： Qiangqiang sun Menghao Hou daniel Dias Institute of Geotechnical Engineering College of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureHebei UniversityBaoding 071002China Laboratory 3SR CNRS UMR 5521Grenoble Alpes UniversityGrenoble 38000France

Seismic risk is one of the biggest challenges for tunnel safety,and several mitigation techniques have been proposed to enhance the seismic performance of existing *** paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of an innovative approach for reducing the seismic risk of existing tunnels by using soft material walls(SMW)symmetrically installed in the surrounding *** investigation is performed with a two-dimensional numerical model and the effectiveness of SMW in mitigating the seismic-induced lining forces is quantitatively evaluated by reduction *** influences of nonlinear properties of soil,SMW and tunnel lining on the isolation effectiveness are also *** parametric studies show that the computed reduction ratio is strongly affected by the modulus ratio between the SMW and the soil,the wall geometric parameter,and the flexibility *** is more effective for the thick and soft isolation walls that are inserted near a stiff tunnel in the soft *** tunnel seismic response can be reduced by up to 50%for the scenarios ***,the parametric study identifies an optimum normalized depth of SMW and recommends a relation between the maximum isolation effect and the flexibility ***,simple charts are suggested in this work for estimating the isolation effect in specific conditions of the soil and the *** these lines,the results of this work may be used in the seismic retrofitting of an existing tunnel,aiding the preliminary design of the isolation walls.

关键词： Tunnels Earthquakes Seismic analysis Isolation walls Soft material

Timetable optimization for single bus line based on hybrid vehicle size model

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2015年第3期2卷 179-186页

作者： daniel(Jian) sun Ya Xu Zhong-Ren Peng State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education Changsha University of Science & Technology Transportation Research Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Urban and Regional Planning University of Florida

This study proposes a flexible timetable optimization method based on hybrid vehicle size model to tackle the bus demand fluctuations in transit operation. Three different models for hybrid vehicle, large vehicle and small vehicle are built in this study, respectively. With the operation data of Shanghai Transit Route 55 at peak and off-peak hours, a heuristic algorithm was proposed to solve the problem. The results indicate that the hybrid vehicle size model excels the other two modes both in the total time and total cost. The study verifies the rationality of the strategy of hybrid vehicle size model and highlights the importance of the adaptive vehicle size in dealing with the bus demand fluctuation. The main innovation of the study is that unlike traditional timetables, the arrangement of the scheduling interval and the corresponding bus type or size are both involved in the timetable of hybrid vehicle size bus mode, which will be more effective to solve the problem of passenger demand fluctuation. Findings from this research would provide a new perspective to improve the level of regular bus service.

关键词： Public transport Timetable optimization Hybrid size bus Bus operation

Preface for the special issue on "Driver behavior,highway capacity and transportation resilience"

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2017年第1期4卷 1-2页

作者： sun, daniel (Jian) Kondyli, Alexandra Bai, Qiang Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Dept Transportat & Shipping Logist Shanghai Peoples R China Univ Kansas Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn Lawrence KS 66045 USA Changan Univ Sch Highway Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China

Transportation plays a vital role both in urban economy and usuallives, which is recognized as one of the major functions of a city, along with dwelling, work, and recreation. As an organic system, urban traffic has attracted increased attention during recent years. However, the majority of studies focused on roadways and vehicular technologies, and limited research has been conducted to address the driver characteristics and their impact. A major possible reason is the scarcity of reliable data. In fact, traditional traffic data obtained from cross-sectional detectors as well as video capture devices are not sufficient to fully capture driver behavior. Only in the recent years, with the availability of transportation-related ＂big data＂ and particu- larly the overwhelming information onboard and from road- side facilities, the impacts of driver behavior may be investigated in more detail. In general, driver behavior in microscopic level may include car-following, lane-changing, and gap acceptance models, which are believed largely to affect roadway capacity. Furthermore, safety concerns especially when drivingin an urban environment due to the interaction of different modes, also increase the complexity of quantifying the quality of service of various transportation facilities. These potential complexities in driver behavior challenge academia to develop supporting models and methods of analysis.

关键词： Preface for the special issue on As Email Driver behavior,highway capacity and transportation resilience

Determination of Scheduled Travel Time for a Fixed Transit Route Based on Multistate Model

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2016年第2期23卷 16-22页

作者： Shukai Chen daniel(Jian) sun Rui Xue State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering School of Naval ArchitectureOcean & Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University Transportation Research Center School of Naval ArchitectureOcean & Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University

In order to provide the guideline for bus drivers to adjust speed to minimize scheduled deviation,the method for setting bus scheduled travel time is proposed. Firstly,multistate model is introduced to fit historical travel time data and identify different service states. Based on the calibrated travel time distribution parameters,an optimization model is proposed,followed by a Monte Carlo( MC) simulation based genetic algorithm( GA)procedure to obtain the optimal scheduled time. A case study from a fixed bus route from Shenzhen is used to demonstrate the model applicability. The sensitivity analysis is conducted to study the effects of parameters setting on optimal slack time for each segment. The results show that multistate model fits travel time under peak hours better than Lognormal distribution,and the length of scheduled travel time basically reflects travel time reliability.

关键词： scheduled travel time multistate model travel time distribution genetic algorithm

Low-temperature replacement construction of three-dimensional corrosion-resistant interface for deeply rechargeable Zn metal batteries

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第3期6卷 329-336页

作者： Jinze Li daniel Rohrens Gianluca Dalfollo Xiaochao Wu Ziheng Lu Qiang Gao Bo Han Ruimin sun Chenggang Zhou Jindi Wang Zhao Cai Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen52074Germany Microsoft Research AI4Science Beijing10080China Institute of New Energy on Chemical Storage and Power Sources College of Applied Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringYancheng Teachers UniversityYancheng224000China

Aqueous Zn batteries are promising candidates for grid-scale renewable energy *** electrodes have been widely investigated and applied as anode materials for aqueous Zn batteries,however,they suffer from limited surface area and severe interfacial issues including metallic dendrites and corrosion side reactions,limiting the depth of discharge(DOD)of the foil electrode ***,a low-temperature replacement reaction is utilized to in-situ construct a three-dimensional(3D)corrosion-resistant interface for deeply rechargeable Zn foil ***,the deliberate low-temperature environment controlled the replacement rate between polycrystalline Zn metal and oxalic acid,producing a Zn foil electrode with distinct 3D corrosion-resistant interface(3DCI-Zn),which differed from conventional two-dimensional(2D)protective structure and showed an order of magnitude higher surface ***,the 3DCI-Zn electrode exhibited dendrite-free and anticorrosion properties,and achieved stable plating/stripping performance for 1000 h at 10 mA cm^(-2)and 10 mAh cm^(-2)with a remarkable DOD of 79%.After pairing with a MnO2cathode with a high areal capacity of 4.2 mAh cm^(-2),the pouch cells delivered 168 Wh L^(-1)and a capacity retention of 89.7%after 100 cycles with a low negative/positive(N/P)ratio of 3:1.

关键词： Aqueous batteries Foil electrodes Depth of discharge Dendrites Corrosion side reactions

Reducing children’s exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in homes and kindergartens in China:Impact on lifetime cancer risks and burden of disease

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 431-440页

作者： Dongsheng Tao Wen sun Donghui Mo Yonghui Lin Wei Lv daniel Mmereki Yousheng Xu Yanghui Ye Yuanjun Tang Chao Ye Cong Dong Zhongming Bu Zhejiang Ecowell Energy Management Technology Co. LtdHangzhouChina Department of Energy and Environmental System Engineering Zhejiang University of Science and TechnologyHangzhouChina Faculty of Health Sciences School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of the WitwatersrandParktown2193JohannesburgSouth Africa

Exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP)in the indoor environment has been linked with significant health risks for Chinese ***-phase DEHP concentrations in Chinese residences and kindergartens were estimated using a mass balance model based on the current baseline condition and control strategies(i.e.,increasing ventilation rate,reducing area of sources,using mechanical ventilation systems,and using portable air cleaners).The health benefits of each control strategy were quantified as the reduction in lifetime cancer risks(LCR)and burden of disease(BoD).In the current situation,the mean LCR and disability-adjusted life years(DALY)number attributable to indoor DEHP exposure for Chinese children were around 6.0×10^(−6) and 155 thousand,*** mean LCR and DALY might be reduced by 25%-54%and 16%-40%,respectively,by increasing air exchange rates by 100%,reducing the use of source materials by two-thirds or deploying commercial air cleaners in naturally ventilated ***,avoidable DALYs could result in a reduction of mean economic losses of 2.2-5.3 billion *** ventilation systems with filtration units may not be helpful for reducing children’s health ***-specific and tailor-made control measures are critical in lowering indoor exposure to DEHP to promote sustainable buildings and children’s health in China.

关键词： indoor air di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate children exposure control strategies health benefits

Associations of polygenic risk scores with risks of stroke and its subtypes in Chinese

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第4期9卷 399-406,I0044-I0065页

作者： Songchun Yang Zhijia sun Dong sun Canqing Yu Yu Guo Dianjianyi sun Yuanjie Pang Pei Pei Ling Yang Iona Y Millwood Robin G Walters Yiping Chen Huaidong Du Yan Lu Sushila Burgess daniel Avery Robert Clarke Junshi Chen Zhengming Chen Liming Li Jun Lv On behalf of the China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group Department of Epidemiology&Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina Department of Dermatology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness&Response BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijingChina Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences BeijingChina Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford OxfordUK Clinical Trial Service Unit&Epidemiological Studies Unit(CTSU) Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK NCDs Prevention and Control Department Suzhou CDCSuzhouJiangsuChina China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling Peking UniversityBeijingChina 不详

Background and purpose Previous studies,mostly focusing on the European population,have reported polygenic risk scores(PRSs)might achieve risk stratification of *** aimed to examine the association strengths of PRSs with risks of stroke and its subtypes in the Chinese *** Participants with genome-wide genotypic data in China Kadoorie Biobank were split into a potential training set(n=22191)and a population-based testing set(n=72150).Four previously developed PRSs were included,and new PRSs for stroke and its subtypes were *** PRSs showing the strongest association with risks of stroke or its subtypes in the training set were further evaluated in the testing *** proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association strengths of different PRSs with risks of stroke and its subtypes(ischaemic stroke(IS),intracerebral haemorrhage(ICH)and subarachnoid haemorrhage(SAH)).Results In the testing set,during 872919 person-years of follow-up,8514 incident stroke events were *** PRSs of any stroke(AS)and IS were both positively associated with risks of AS,IS and ICH(p<0.05).The HR for per SD increment(HR_(SD))of PRSAS was 1.10(95%CI 1.07 to 1.12),1.10(95%CI 1.07 to 1.12)and 1.13(95%CI 1.07 to 1.20)for AS,IS and ICH,*** corresponding HR_(SD) of PRS_(IS) was 1.08(95%CI 1.06 to 1.11),1.08(95%CI 1.06 to 1.11)and 1.09(95%CI 1.03 to 1.15).PRS_(ICH) was positively associated with the risk of ICH(HR_(SD)=1.07,95%CI 1.01 to 1.14).PRSS_(AH) was not associated with risks of stroke and its *** addition of current PRSs offered little to no improvement in stroke risk prediction and risk *** In this Chinese population,the association strengths of current PRSs with risks of stroke and its subtypes were moderate,suggesting a limited value for improving risk prediction over traditional risk factors in the context of current genome-wide association study under-representing the East Asia

关键词： testing prediction increment

Sahara’s surface transformation forced an abrupt hydroclimate decline and Neolithic culture transition in northern China

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 70-79页

作者： Yandong Hou Hao Long Sumiko Tsukamoto Zhengyao Lu Jie Chen daniel EIbarra Toru Tamura Qiong Zhang Weiyi sun Jingran Zhang Lei Gao Manfred Frechen Ji Shen State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences(NIGLAS)Nanjing 210008China Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics(LIAG) Department of Geochronology30655 HannoverGermany Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund University22100 LundSweden Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute at Brown for Environment and Society and Department of Earth Environmentaland Planetary SciencesBrown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA Geological Survey of Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukubaIbaraki 305-8567Japan Graduate School of Frontier Sciences University of TokyoKashiwaChiba 277-8561Japan Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University10691 StockholmSweden School of Geography Nanjing Normal UniversityJiangsu Centre for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and ApplicationKey Laboratory of Virtual Geographic EnvironmentMinistry of Education of ChinaNanjing 210023China School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

The remote forcing from land surface changes in the Sahara is hypothesized to play a pivotal role in modulating the intensity of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)through ocean-atmospheric *** modulation has far-reaching consequences,particularly in facilitating societal shifts documented in northern ***,we present a well-dated lake-level record from the Daihai Lake Basin in northern China,providing quantitative assessments of Holocene monsoonal precipitation and the consequent migrations of the northern boundary of the *** reconstruction,informed by a water-and-energy balance model,indicates that annual precipitation reached700 mm during 8–5 ka,followed by a rapid decline to tween 5 and 4 *** shift coherently aligns with a signi550 mm be-ficant300 km northwestward movement of the EASM northern boundary during the Middle Holocene(MH),in contrast to its current *** findings underscore that these changes cannot be entirely attributed to orbital forcing,as corroborated by simulation *** model simulations deployed in our study suggest that the presence of the Green Sahara during the MH significantly strengthened the EASM and led to a northward shift of the monsoon rainfall ***,the Sahara’s reversion to a desert landscape in the late Holocene was accompanied by a corresponding southward retraction of monsoon *** dramatic hydroclimate changes during5–4 ka likely triggered or at least contributed to a shift in Neolithic cultures and societal transformation in northern *** decreasing agricultural productivity,communities transitioned from millet farming to a mixed rainfed agriculture and animal husbandry ***,our findings elucidate not only the variability of the EASM but also the profound implications of a remote forcing,such as surface transformations of the Sahara,on climatic changes and cultural evolution in northern China.

关键词： Holocene monsoon abrupt

Perigeniculate arachnoid cysts and CSF fistulae of the fallopian canal:Histopathologic correlates of a rare clinical entity

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2021年第2期7卷 71-81页

作者： Emerson E.Lee Nicholas S.Andresen Bryan McKenzie Jeffrey D.Sharon Howard W.Francis daniel Q.sun Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins UniversityUSA Inova Fairfax Hospital USA Deportment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of California Son FranciscoUSA Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Sciences Duke UniversityUSA

Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)fistulae originating from the fallopian canal of the facial nerve is hypothesized to arise due to atypical patterns of subarachnoid space extension into the geniculate ganglion or more distal regions along the intratemporal course of the facial nerve,but its pathogenesis remains poorly *** a rare etiology of CSF fistulae of the temporal bone,there are significant clinical ramifications due to the risk of recurrent meningitis,difficulty in identifying the anatomic location of the CSF leak,and technical challenges associated with surgical *** present three clinical cases of arachnoid cysts within the geniculate fossa with or without CSF fistulization and provide histopathologic correlates of this rare clinical phenomenon from a human temporal bone *** pediatric and adult patients presented suggest differential pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with CSF *** bone histology reveals atypical patterns of subarachnoid space extension in the fallopian canal that may underlie arachnoid cyst formation and overt CSF leak from the geniculate region.

关键词： Geniculate ganglion Arachnoid cyst Fallopian canal Facial nerve Cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea Cerebrospinal fluid leak Subarachnoid space