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PPARγ在神经系统发育及相关疾病中的研究进展

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生命科学研究 2024年第2期28卷 128-134页

作者：卢淑娴祝远贺丹党琳陕西中医药大学医学科研实验中心中国陕西咸阳712000 陕西中医药大学基础医学院中国陕西咸阳712000

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, PPARγ)作为配体依赖型核内转录因子,是经典的脂代谢调控因子,参与机体脂肪生成、葡萄糖代谢、血管生成和炎症发生等多种生物过程。除了在脂肪酸代... 详细信息

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, PPARγ)作为配体依赖型核内转录因子,是经典的脂代谢调控因子,参与机体脂肪生成、葡萄糖代谢、血管生成和炎症发生等多种生物过程。除了在脂肪酸代谢活跃部位高水平表达, PPARγ在神经系统也大量存在,近年来越来越多的研究开始关注PPARγ在神经系统中扮演的角色。本文综述了PPARγ在神经系统发育及相关疾病发生发展中的重要作用:PPARγ通过调控机体炎症反应因子参与神经系统炎症过程;在中枢神经系统或周围神经系统发生外因损伤时, PPARγ通过抑炎或促进再生表现出神经保护功能;在帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病中,调控PPARγ的表达可以起到延缓病程或临床治疗的效果;在视网膜病变中, PPARγ可以通过保护视网膜神经节细胞起到缓解作用。这些总结工作可以为PPARγ在神经系统发育和相关疾病进程中的调控机制研究及配体类药物开发提供参考资料。

关键词：过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ) 神经系统炎症配体神经退行性疾病

Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Extracts of Allium sativum,Rosmarinus officinalis and Ocimum basilicum

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2016年第3期29卷 228-236页

作者： Manuela Stan Adriana Popa dana Toloman Teofil-Danut Silipas Dan Cristian Vodnar National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies 67-103 Donat 400293Cluj-Napoca Romania Department of Food Science and Technology University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine 3-5 ManasturStreet 400372 Cluj-Napoca Romania

ZnO nanoparticles（ZnO NPs） were synthesized by chemical method（coprecipitation） and biological method using aqueous extracts of garlic（Allium sativum）,rosemary（Rosmarinus officinalis） and basil（Ocimum basilicum）.The influence of plant extract on the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of green synthesized nanoparticles was *** X-ray diffraction studies reveal that all ZnO samples have hexagonal wurtzite *** particle size of ZnO NPs estimated by transmission electron microscopy analysis（between 14 and 27 nm） varies depending on the synthesis method of nanoparticles and the type of extracts from the plants *** functional groups involved in the biosynthetic procedure were evidenced by Fourier transform infrared *** presence of Mn^（2＋）ions,Zn vacancy complexes and oxygen vacancies in ZnO samples was highlighted by electron paramagnetic resonance *** green synthesized ZnO NPs have shown a good bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis,Listeria monocytogenes,Escherichia coli,Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial *** NPs synthesized using extracts of the selected plant species have been found to exhibit more enhanced antibacterial and antioxidant activities as compared to chemical ZnO NPs.

关键词： Zinc oxide nanoparticles Antioxidant activity Antibacterial activity Green synthesis Plant extracts

The role of low-density lipoprotein （LDL） and high-density lipoprotein （HDL） in comparison with whole egg yolk for sperm cryopreservation in rhesus monkeys

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第3期13卷 459-464,513页

作者： Qiao-Xiang Dong Sarah E Rodenburg dana Hill Catherine A VandeVoort School of Environmental Science and Public Health Wenzhou Medical College Wenzhou 325035 China California National Primate Research Center University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology School of Medicine University of California Davis CA 95616 USA

Low-density lipoprotein （LDL） extracted from hen egg yolk has recently been considered to be superior to whole egg yolk in sperm cryopreservation of various animal species. Meanwhile, there was a notion that high-density lipoprotein （HDL） in egg yolk may have a negative effect on post-thaw survival. The role of LDL and HDL in sperm cryopreservation of rhesus monkeys has not been explored. The present study evaluates their effect in comparison with egg yolk with or without the addition of permeable cryoprotectant （glycerol） on sperm cryopreservation of rhesus macaques. In addition, various additives intended to change the lipid composition of LDL-sperm membrane complex have also been tested for their effectiveness in preserving post-thaw viability. Our findings indicated that LDL is the main component in egg yolk that is responsible for its protective role for sperm cryopreservation in rhesus monkeys. Regardless of the presence or absence of glycerol, the protective role of LDL is similar to that of egg yolk and we did not observe any superiority in post-thaw survival with LDL when compared to egg yolk. Modifying the lipid composition of LDL-sperm membrane complex with the addition of cholesterol, cholesterol loaded cyclodextrin and phosphatidylcholine also did not yield any improvements in pest-thaw survival; while addition of methyl-β-cyclodextrin reduced post-thaw motility. HDL plays a neutral role in sperm cryopreservation of rhesus monkeys. The present study suggests that egg yolk may still hold advantages when compared with LDL as effective components in extenders for sperm cryopreservation in rhesus monkeys.

关键词： non-human primates sperm cryopreservation low-density lipoprotein high-density lipoprotein egg yolk

Deep Feature Extraction and Feature Fusion for Bi-Temporal Satellite Image Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第1期66卷 373-388页

作者： Anju Asokan Bogdan Patrut dana Danciulescu D.Jude Hemanth Department of ECE Karunya Institute of Technology and SciencesCoimbatoreIndia Department of Computer Science Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of la?ila?iRomania Department of Computer Science University of CraiovoCraiovoRomania

Multispectral images contain a large amount of spatial and spectral data which are effective in identifying change *** feature extraction is important for multispectral image classification and is evolving as an interesting research area in change ***,many deep learning framework based approaches do not consider both spatial and textural details into *** order to handle this issue,a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)based multi-feature extraction and fusion is introduced which considers both spatial and textural *** method uses CNN to extract the spatio-spectral features from individual channels and fuse them with the textural *** the fused image is classified into change and unchanged *** presence of mixed pixels in the bitemporal satellite images affect the classification accuracy due to the misclassification *** proposed method was compared with six state-of-theart change detection methods and *** main highlight of this method is that by taking into account the spatio-spectral and textural information in the input channels,the mixed pixel problem is *** indicate the effectiveness of this method and demonstrate that it possesses low misclassification errors,higher overall accuracy and kappa coefficient.

关键词： Remote sensing convolutional neural network deep learning multispectral bitemporal change detection

深圳市2022—2023年输入性恶性疟原虫耐药基因突变情况

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中国热带医学 2024年第4期24卷 382-387页

作者：刘小莲高世同李媛唐屹君张倩彭博阳帆张仁利黄达娜深圳市疾病预防控制中心广东深圳518055

目的分析了解深圳市输入性恶性疟原虫耐药基因突变情况,帮助评估抗疟药的疗效和指导有效用药。方法收集2022—2023年从境外输入深圳市的恶性疟荧光定量聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)阳性的样本85例,提取基因组DNA,使用巢... 详细信息

目的分析了解深圳市输入性恶性疟原虫耐药基因突变情况,帮助评估抗疟药的疗效和指导有效用药。方法收集2022—2023年从境外输入深圳市的恶性疟荧光定量聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)阳性的样本85例,提取基因组DNA,使用巢式PCR扩增耐药基因:恶性疟原虫Kelch螺旋体蛋白基因(Plasmodium falciparum Kelch 13,PfK13)、多药耐药基因1(multidrug resistance 1,Pfmdr1)、氯喹抗性转运基因(chloroquine resistance transporter,Pfcrt)、二氢叶酸还原酶基因(dihydrofolate reductase,Pfdhfr)和二氢蝶酸合成酶基因(dihydropteroate synthase,Pfdhps),并进行双向测序,使用MEGA11.06软件分析这些耐药基因突变情况。结果研究发现PfK13错义突变(S549P)1例,同义突变4例。Pfmdr162.69%样本存在Y184F突变,未检测到N86Y突变体。Pfcrt基因中,未检测到72和73位点的突变,M74I、N75E和K76T突变分别占17.46%、15.87%和15.87%。Pfcrt基因野生型占主导(82.54%,52例),其次是I_(74)E_(75)T_(76)三重突变体(15.87%,10例)。Pfdhfr最常见的突变型为I_(51)R_(59)N_(108)(91.78%,67例),其次是野生型(2.74%,2例)。Pfdhps野生型占60.32%(38例),单突变K540E为最常见突变类型,检测到S436A、G437A、K540E、A581G、A613S、I431V、G556K、G579E位点突变。Pfdhfr-Pfdhps组合突变中,I_(51)R_(59)N_(108)-E540是频率最高的组合突变(11.48%),59.02%样本为Pfdhfr单独突变体。结论在本研究中,PfK13突变率低,且无报导的耐药突变,Y184F成为Pfmdr1突变主导,未发现有N86Y。Pfcrt野生型为主,其次为I_(74)E_(75)T_(76)三重突变体,Pfdhfr I_(51)R_(59)N_(108)三重突变非常普遍,本研究并未发现PfdhfrPfdhps完全抗性和超抗性突变体,但有其他的五重七重突变型。在未来的工作中,需要继续加强疟原虫耐药基因的监测,同时进一步结合体内疗效的监测来有效指导临床用药。

关键词：恶性疟原虫输入性耐药性基因突变

Practical considerations for colorectal cancer screening in older adults

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第6期14卷 1086-1102页

作者： dana Gornick Anusri Kadakuntla Alexa Trovato Rebecca Stetzer Micheal Tadros Albany Medical College Albany Medical CollegeAlbanyNY 12208United States Division of Geriatrics Albany Medical CenterAlbanyNY 12208United States Division of Gastroenterology Albany Medical CenterAlbanyNY 12208United States

Recent guidelines recommend that colorectal cancer(CRC)screening after age 75 be considered on an individualized basis,and discourage screening for people over 85 due to competing causes of *** the heterogeneity in the health of older individuals,and lack of data within current guidelines for personalized CRC screening approaches,there remains a need for a clearer framework to inform clinical decision-making.A revision of the current approach to CRC screening in older adults is even more compelling given the improvements in CRC treatment,post-treatment survival,and increasing life expectancy in the *** this review,we aim to examine the personalization of CRC screening cessation based on specific factors influencing life and health expectancy such as comorbidity,frailty,and cognitive *** will also review screening modalities and endoscopic technique for minimizing risk,the risks of screening unique to older adults,and CRC treatment outcomes in older patients,in order to provide important information to aid CRC screening decisions for this age *** review article offers a unique approach to this topic from both the gastroenterologist and geriatrician perspective by reviewing the use of specific clinical assessment tools,and addressing technical aspects of screening colonoscopy and periprocedural management to mitigate screening-related complications.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Colonoscopy Cancer screening Early detection of cancer Aged Elderly

Using Vetiver grass technology for mitigating sediment loads in the Talakhaya Watershed areas in Rota, CNMI

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2018年第2期6卷 194-201页

作者： Mohammad HGolabi Sydonia Manibusan Timothy Righetti dana Okano Clancy Iyekar University of Guam USA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration CNMIUSA

Talakhaya watershed in Rota is identified as a Coral Reef Management Priority site for CNMI (Com-monwealth of Northern Mariana Islands). In 2010 federal and jurisdictional partners developed a Con-servation Action Plan (CAP) for the Talakhaya Watershed. The goal of this initial Watershed Soil Loss Assessment therefore, was to assist in evaluating the re-vegetation objectives of 'Mitigating Sediment Load' in the Talakhaya watershed by making a thorough characterization of its main river systems. The objectives of this project were to reach those goals by measuring the hydrological parameters following the installation and the use of water meters, barometric level loggers, turbidity meters and rain gauges. The water flow as well as the turbidity level of each stream leading to the ocean from the Talakhaya Watershed was measured and sedimentation level was assessed accordingly. The results from the monitoring of the watershed conducted during the project timeline reported here show that all four rivers under study have statistically different stage-discharge curves. The river's relationship between time and turbidity also vary especially in the summer months of the first-year observations. Linear and convex polynomial relationships were sometimes observed in the different rainfall groupings for the four river systems, however relationships were often not significant. This-being-said, Quantile Regressions suggest that when data from all four river systems are combined for cases where there is some de-tectable rainfall, a maximum possible turbidity level can be defined.

关键词： Watershed Management Vetiver grass system Coral Badlands Micronesia Rota CNMI

Dear Martin, dear Marcello

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Nanoparticle Targeting with Antibodies in the Central Nervous System

作者： edited by dana Richards.

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2023年第1期4卷 159-176页

作者： Ju Hyun Lee dana V.Chapman W.Mark Saltzman Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA

Treatments for disease in the central nervous system(CNS)are limited because of difficulties in agent penetration through the blood-brain barrier,achieving optimal dosing,and mitigating off-target *** prospect of precision medicine in CNS treatment suggests an opportunity for therapeutic nanotechnology,which offers tunability and adaptability to address specific diseases as well as targetability when combined with antibodies(Abs).Here,we review the strategies to attach Abs to nanoparticles(NPs),including conventional approaches of chemisorption and physisorption as well as attempts to combine irreversible Ab immobilization with controlled *** also summarize trends that have been observed through studies of systemically delivered Ab–NP conjugates in ***,we discuss the future outlook for Ab–NPs to deliver therapeutics into the CNS.

关键词： agent irreversible particle