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G protein-coupled estrogen receptor in colon function, immune regulation and carcinogenesis

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第30期25卷 4092-4104页

作者： damian jacenik Ellen j Beswick Wanda M Krajewska Eric R Prossnitz Department of Cytobiochemistry Faculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of LodzLodz 90-236Poland Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicineand UNM Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of Internal MedicineSchool of MedicineUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84132United States

Estrogens play important roles in the development and progression of multiple tumor *** evidence points to the significance of estrogen action not only in tumors of hormonally regulated tissues such as the breast,endometrium and ovary,but also in the development of colorectal cancer(CRC).The effects of estrogens in physiological and pathophysiological conditions are mediated by the nuclear estrogen receptorsαandβ,as well as the membranebound G protein-coupled estrogen receptor(GPER).The roles of GPER in CRC development and progression,however,remain poorly *** on the functions of GPER in the colon have shown that this estrogen receptor regulates colonic motility as well as immune responses in CRC-associated diseases,such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative *** is also involved in cell cycle regulation,endoplasmic reticulum stress,proliferation,apoptosis,vascularization,cell migration,and the regulation of fatty acid and estrogen metabolism in CRC ***,multiple lines of evidence suggest that GPER may play an important role in colorectal *** this review,we present the current state of knowledge regarding the contribution of GPER to colon function and CRC.

关键词： G protein-coupled estrogen receptor Colorectal cancer Proliferation Migration Colonic motility Inflammatory bowel disease

Multi-wavelength observations of the 2014 june 11 M3.9 flare: temporal and spatial characteristics

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第7期19卷 123-132页

作者： damian j.Christian David Kuridze David B.jess Menoa Yousefi Mihalis Mathioudakis Department of Physics and Astronomy California State University NorthridgeNorthridgeCA 91330USA Institute of Mathematics Physics and Computer ScienceAberystwyth UniversityCeredigionCymruSY23 3UK Astrophysics Research Center School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen's University BelfastBelfast BT7 INNUK

We present multi-wavelength observations of an M-class flare(M3.9) that occurred on 2014 june *** observations were conducted with the Dunn Solar Telescope(DST),employing adaptive optics,the multi-camera system Rapid Oscillations in Solar Atmosphere(ROSA),the new Hydrogen-Alpha Rapid Dynamics camera(HARDcam) in various wavelengths,such as Ca II K,Mg I b2(at 5172.7 A),and Hα narrow band and G-band continuum *** were re-constructed using the Kiepenheuer-Institut Speckle Interferometry Package(KISIP) code,to improve our image *** observed intensity increases of ≈120%–150% in the Mg,Ca K and Hα narrow band filters during the *** increases for the flare observed in the SDO EUV channels were several times larger,and the X-rays,as recorded by GOES,increased over a factor of 30 for the harder *** a modest delay was found between the onset of flare ribbons of a nearby sympathetic flare and the main flare ribbons observed in these narrow band *** peak flare emission occurred within a few seconds for the Ca K,Mg and Hα *** techniques indicate propagation velocities of ≈60 km s^-1 for the main flare ribbon and as high as300 km s^-1 for smaller regions,which we attribute to filament *** result and delays and velocities observed with SDO(≈100 km s^-1) for different coronal heights agree well with the simple model of energy propagation versus height,although a more detailed model for the flaring solar atmosphere is ***,we detected marginal quasi-periodic pulsations(QPPs) in the 40–60 s range for the Ca K,Mg and Hα bands,and such measurements are important for disentangling the detailed flare-physics.

关键词： magnetic reconnection-Sun flares-Sun atmosphere

Cut stumps vs broken stumps:Does it make any difference in the maintenance of plant and lichen biodiversity in Central European mountain forests?

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 457-468页

作者： Monika Staniaszek-Kik jan Zarnowiec damian Chmura Department of Geobotany and Plant Ecology University of Lodz90-237LodzPoland Institute of Nature Protection and Engineering University of Bielsko-BialaWillowa Str 243-309Bielsko-BiałaPoland

Fxcessive forest exploitation significantly contributes to land degradation and the creation of human-made *** are sometimes ignored in studies on the biodiversity of coarse woody *** investigated whether the type of stump,*** stumps(naturally created)and cut stumps(formed during forestry operations)had an impact on the species composition and species diversity as well as due to this fact they can be characterized by plant *** research covered 728 spruce stumps(287 broken and 441 cut stumps)that were inhabited by lichens,liverworts,mosses and vascular plants in mountain forest belt(Karkonosze Mts.,Poland).The following types of microhabitats were included in the research:the upper surface and the lateral surface of a stump with both bark and *** are statistically significant compositional differences between the two types of stumps,which was demonstrated by ordination analyses and indicator species *** to the generalized linear models,the probability of occurrence increases in cut stumps in case of liverworts and vascular plants and also along the decomposition *** generalized linear mixed-effects model showed that there was a higher species richness of liverworts,mosses and vascular plants on the cut stumps and less drier but the reverse situation was in *** generalized additive models for their cover showed similar *** all of the taxonomic groups were affected by altitude both in terms of species composition and total cover on the *** concluded that cut stumps are an important type of deadwood for biodiversity and provide a convenient habitat,especially for many lichens and bryophytes.

关键词： Coarse woody debris Spruce stumps Epixylic flora Plant indicators

"Miles wide and miles deep"-Exploring the depth and breadth of geoscience during the first ten years of Geoscience Frontiers

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 1219-1221页

作者： Christopher j. Spencer Nick M.W.Roberts damian Nance The Institute of Geoscience Research (TIGeR) School of Earth and Planetary Sciences Curtin University NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratory British Geological Survey Department of Geological Sciences Ohio University Department of Geology and Geophysics Yale University

When early explorers first crossed the Platte River in what is now Nebraska (USA), it was said the river was “a mile wide and an inch deep”(Mokler, 1923;Smith, 1971). This phrase was used to describe not only the difficulty in crossing the river but also in navigating its length. The trouble with a river being too wide is the risk that it won’t provide the depth necessary to be useful. The same thing can be said of multidisciplinary scientific journals. While a journal can claim to be multidisciplinary, there is a risk of it being so broad that its articles can only engage the reader at a superficial level. Nothing could be further from the truth with Geoscience Frontiers. Over the past ten years, this journal has successfully navigated the wide breadth of geoscience while providing a level of depth and detail that rivals discipline-specific journals.

关键词： engage its was can past be is now

Autonomous atomic Hamiltonian construction and active sampling of X-ray absorption spectroscopy by adversarial Bayesian optimization

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1890-1900页

作者： Yixuan Zhang Ruiwen Xie Teng Long damian Günzing Heiko Wende Katharina j.Ollefs Hongbin Zhang Institute of Materials Science Technical University of Darmstadt64287 DarmstadtGermany School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University250061 JinanChina Faculty of Physics University of Duisburg-Essen47057 DuisburgGermany

X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)is a well-established method for in-depth characterization of electronic *** practice hundreds of energy-points should be sampled during the measurements,and most of them are ***,it is also tedious to estimate reasonable parameters in the atomic Hamiltonians for mechanistic *** implement an Adversarial Bayesian optimization(ABO)algorithm comprising two coupled BOs to automatically fit the many-body model Hamiltonians and to sample effectively based on active learning(AL).Taking NiO as an example,we find that less than 30 sampling points are sufficient to recover the complete XAS with the corresponding crystal field and charge transfer models,which can be selected based on intuitive hypothesis *** applications on the experimental XAS spectra reveal that less than 80 sampling points give reasonable XAS and reliable atomic model *** ABO algorithm has a great potential for future applications on automated physics-driven XAS analysis and AL sampling.

关键词： structure Hamiltonian absorption

Using a fluvial archive to place extreme flood sediment(dis)connectivity dynamics in context of a longer-term record

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International journal of Sediment Research 2022年第4期37卷 447-456页

作者： Kirstie Fryirs Chris Thompson damian Gore School of Natural Sciences Macquarie University Seqwater

The aim of this study was to establish the source and provenance of sediments deposited in a large floodplain sink during extreme floods in the Lockyer Creek catchment, Australia, in 2011 and 2013. We place the sediment source patterns in context of the longer-term record to determine whether coarsegrained sediment sources(i.e., very fine sand to very coarse sand) and the spatio-temporal pattern of(dis)connectivity have changed over time. We do this by matching the geochemical properties and age structure of a sediment profile located in a downstream floodplain sink to the elemental composition of source sediments. One hundred and fifty-seven sediment samples from 20 sites across the catchment are analysed using X-ray fluorescence(XRF) spectrometry to compare the elemental ratio composition of the downstream floodplain sink to its source materials. We use Optically Stimulated Luminescence(OSL)dating to determine the age structure of the sediments in the floodplain sink. The northern tributaries and parts of the Lockyer River trunk stream are the primary sources of coarse sediment. These areas are connected(coupled) to the lower trunk stream and floodplain sediment sink. Southern tributaries are largely disconnected(decoupled) and supply little sediment to the floodplain sediment sink. This pattern of sediment source contribution has remained similar over the last 6.8 ka at least. Sediment sources as observed in the 2011 flood have predominated over the mid-late Holocene whilst those in the 2013 flood are rare.

关键词： Sediment provenance Geomorphology Sediment source Sediment sink Lockyer Valley

Investigations on influence of rifle automatics system action on values of energetic efficiency coefficient of muzzle brakes

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第10期18卷 1741-1747页

作者： Radoslaw Trebinski Zbigniew Leciejewski jacek Kijewski Dawid Gozdzik damian Szupienko Military University of Technology Faculty of MechatronicsArmament and Aerospaceul.Gen.S.Kaliskiego 200-908WarszawaPoland

The objective of the paper was to compare values of the muzzle brake efficiency coefficient for a rifle with active or inactive automatics *** laboratory stand designed for investigating the recoil process was *** motion of the rifle was detected by the use of the laser interferometer and the optical *** recoil velocity time courses were determined by smoothing and differentiation of experimental position *** results of the experiments indicated that in the case of an active automatics system two values of the recoil velocity can be used for calculation of the energetic efficiency coefficient:the maximum recoil velocity and the final recoil velocity at the end of the automatics action *** values of the coefficient,calculated using these two values of the recoil velocity,distinctly ***,it was shown that their values indicate the same relation between the efficiency of various muzzle *** value of the efficiency coefficient,determined on the basis of the final recoil velocity value,is practically the same as that determined on the basis of the final recoil velocity value for the rifle with an inactive automatics system.

关键词： Ballistics Muzzle brakes Automatic rifle Efficiency Recoil velocity

Portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis: Controversies and latest developments

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第22期21卷 6769-6784页

作者： damian j Harding M Thamara PR Perera Frederick Chen Simon Olliff Dhiraj Tripathi Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth HospitalBirmingham Department of Haematology Queen Elizabeth HospitalBirmingham Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology Queen Elizabeth HospitalBirmingham

Portal vein thrombosis(PVT) is encountered in livercirrhosis, particularly in advanced disease. It has been a feared complication of cirrhosis, attributed to significant worsening of liver disease, poorer clinical outcomes and potential inoperability at liver transplantation; also catastrophic events such as acute intestinal ischaemia. Optimal management of PVT has not yet been addressed in any consensus *** review current literature on PVT in cirrhosis; its prevalence, pathophysiology, diagnosis, impact on the natural history of cirrhosis and liver transplantation,and management. Studies were identified by a search strategy using MEDLINE and Google Scholar. The incidence of PVT increases with increasing severity of liver disease: less than 1% in well-compensated cirrhosis, 7.4%-16% in advanced cirrhosis. Prevalence in patients undergoing liver transplantation is 5%-16%.PVT frequently regresses instead of uniform thrombus progression. PVT is not associated with increased risk of mortality. Optimal management has not been addressed in any consensus publication. We propose areas for future research to address unresolved clinical questions.

关键词： Portal vein thrombosis Liver cirrhosis Anticoagulation Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemicstent-shunt

Soil Organic Carbon Pools Under Switchgrass Grown as a Bioenergy Crop Compared to Other Conventional Crops

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Pedosphere 2013年第4期23卷 409-416页

作者： F.G.DOU F.M.HONS W.R.OCUMPAUGH j.C.READ M.A.hussey j.P.MUIR Texas A&M AgriLife Research &Extension Center at Beaumont Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Texas A&M University Texas A&M AgriLife Research Station at Beeville Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Dallas Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville

Switchgrass （Panicum virgaturn L.） has been proposed as a sustainable bioenergy crop because of its high yield potential, adap- tation to marginal sites, and tolerance to water and nutrient limitations. A better understanding of the potential effects of biomass energy crop production practices on soil biological properties and organic matter dynamics is critical to its production. Our objective was to evaluate changes in C pools under a warm-season perennial switchgrass in different soils compared to typically-grown crops col- lected at College Station, Dallas, and Stephenville, TX in February 2001. Sampling depths were 0-5, 5-15, and 15-30 cm. Switchgrass increased soil organic C （SOC）, soil microbial biomass C （SMBC）, mineralizable C, and particulate organic matter C （POM-C） com- pared to conventional cropping systems. Soil C concentrations were in the order： long-term coastal bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon （L.） Pers.] 〉 switchgrass or kleingrass （Panicum coloratura L.） planted in 1992 〉 switchgrass 1997 〉 conventional cropping systems. Soil C concentrations tended to increase with increasing clay content. Greater microbial biomass C followed the order of Dallas 〉 College Station 〉 Stephenville, and ranged from approximately 180 mg C kg-1 soil at Stephenville to 1 900 mg C kg-1 soil at Dallas. Particulate organic C was more sensitive than other fractions to management, increasing as much as 6-fold under long-term coastal bermudagrass compared to conventional cropping systems. Our study indicated that conversion of conventional cropping systems into switchgrass production can sequestrate more SOC and improve soil biological properties in the southern USA.

关键词： cropping systems particulate organic C perennial grasses soil microbial biomass C soil mineralizable C