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Classification of Plant Endogenous States Using Machine Learning-Derived Agricultural Indices

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第3期5卷 474-483页

作者： Sally Shuxian Koh Kapil Dev Javier Jingheng Tan Valerie Xinhui Teo Shuyan Zhang Dinish U.S. Malini Olivo daisuke urano Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Department of Biological Sciences National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Translational Biophotonics Laboratory Institute of Bioengineering and BioimagingAgency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering(IMRE) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore

Leaf color patterns vary depending on leaf age,pathogen infection,and environmental and nutritional stresses;thus,they are widely used to diagnose plant health statuses in agricultural *** visible-near infrared-shortwave infrared(VIS-NIR-SWIR)sensor measures the leaf color pattern from a wide spectral range with high spectral ***,spectral information has only been employed to understand general plant health statuses(e.g.,vegetation index)or phytopigment contents,rather than pinpointing defects of specific metabolic or signaling pathways in ***,we report feature engineering and machine learning methods that utilize VIS-NIR-SWIR leaf reflectance for robust plant health diagnostics,pinpointing physiological alterations associated with the stress hormone,abscisic acid(ABA).Leaf reflectance spectra of wild-type,ABA2-overexpression,and deficient plants were collected under watered and drought ***-and ABA-associated normalized reflectance indices(NRIs)were screened from all possible pairs of wavelength *** associated NRIs showed only a partial overlap with those related to ABA deficiency,but more NRIs were associated with drought due to additional spectral changes within the NIR wavelength *** support vector machine classifiers built with 20 NRIs predicted treatment or genotype groups with an accuracy greater than those with conventional vegetation *** selected NRIs were independent from leaf water content and chlorophyll content,2 well-characterized physiological changes under *** screening of NRIs,streamlined with the development of simple classifiers,serves as the most efficient means of detecting reflectance bands that are highly relevant to characteristics of interest.

关键词： drought reflectance indices

G protein controls stress readiness by modulating transcriptional and metabolic homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana and Marchantia polymorpha

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Molecular Plant 2022年第12期15卷 1889-1907页

作者： Ting-Ying Wu Shalini Krishnamoorthi Kulaporn Boonyaves Isam Al-Darabsah Richalynn Leong Alan M.Jones Kimitsune Ishizaki Kang-Ling Liao daisuke urano Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory SingaporeSingapore Department of Mathematics University of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology SingaporeSingapore Department of Biological Sciences National University of SingaporeSingapore 117558Singapore Departments of Biology and Pharmacology University of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA Graduate School of Science Kobe UniversityKobeHyogo 657-8501Japan

The core G protein signaling module,which consists of Gαand extra-large Gα(XLG)subunits coupled with the Gβγdimer,is a master regulator of various stress *** this study,we compared the basal and salt stress-induced transcriptomic,metabolomic and phenotypic profiles in Gα,Gβ,and XLG-null mutants of two plant species,Arabidopsis thaliana and Marchantia polymorpha,and showed that G protein mediates the shift of transcriptional and metabolic homeostasis to stress readiness *** demonstrated that such stress readiness serves as an intrinsic protection mechanism against further stressors through enhancing the phenylpropanoid pathway and abscisic acid ***,WRKY transcription factors were identified as key intermediates of G protein-mediated homeostatic *** and mathematical model comparisons between *** and *** revealed evolutionary conservation of transcriptional and metabolic networks over land plant evolution,whereas divergence has occurred in the function of plant-specific atypical XLG *** together,our results indicate that the shifts in transcriptional and metabolic homeostasis at least partially act as the mechanisms of G protein-coupled stress responses that are conserved between two distantly related plants.

关键词： homeostatic adjustments transcriptional regulation metabolic regulation heterotrimeric G protein evolutionary conservation

Continuous Saccharification of Laminarin by Immobilized Laminarinase ULam111 Followed by Ethanol Fermentation with a Marine-Derived Yeast

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Advances in Microbiology 2017年第5期7卷 387-403页

作者： daisuke Mitsuya Masashi Yamamoto Masahiko Okai Akira Inoue Tomohiro Suzuki Takao Ojima Naoto urano Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry Department of Ocean Sciences Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo Japan Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Microbiology Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences Hokkaido University Hakodate Japan

We isolated a novel laminarinase ULam111 from Flavobacterium sp. strain UMI-01. Purified ULam111 showed degradation activity against laminarin with the specific activity of 224 ± 18 U/mg at 30°C and pH 6.0. Its optimum temperature was 50°C, and degradation activities against laminarin were observed at 4°C - 80°C. With a laminarin degradation system, we investigated the preparation and properties of immobilized ULam111 with the use of the 11 types of carriers. The high activity recoveries of immobilized ULam111 were as follows: 19.4% for IB-S60P carrier beads (the non-ionic type), 15.6% for IB-S60S carrier beads (the non-ionic type), 11.9% for IB-150P carrier beads (the covalent type), and 7.1% for IB-C435 carrier beads (the cationic type). With the repeated use of immobilized ULam111, the enzyme activities immobilized on IB-S60S and those on IB-S60P remained at 40% and 30% respectively after the sixth trial. We selected IB-S60S as suitable beads for enzyme immobilization, and we attempted to construct a reactor system with ULam111 immobilized on IB-S60S beads. In this system, 1.2 - 1.9 g/L glucose was repeatedly produced from 30 mg/mL laminarin solutions after 20 hr when the reactor operation was repeated 10 times. We examined ethanol fermentation from the saccharified solutions with a marine-derived yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae C-19), and 0.51 - 0.58 g/L bioethanol was produced from the saccharified solution that contained 1.71 - 1.86 g/L of glucose.

关键词： Laminarin Laminarinase β-1 3-Glucanase Immobilization Ethanol Fermentation

Review of novel therapeutic medicines targeting androgen signaling in castration-resistant prostate cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Urology 2014年第3期3卷 264-271页

作者： daisuke Obinata Kyoko Fujiwara Kenya Yamaguchi Ken-ichi Takayama Tomohiko urano Hiroki Nagase Satoshi Inoue Satoru Takahashi Noboru Fukuda Department of Urology Nihon University School of MedicineTokyo 173-8610 Japan Division of General Medicine Department of Medicine Nihon University School of MedicineTokyo 173-8610 Japan Department of Anti-Aging Medicine Graduate School of Medicine The University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655 Japan Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute Chiba 260-8717 Japan Division of Life Science Advanced Research Institute of Sciences and Humanities Nihon UniversityTokyo 173-8610 Japan

Prostate cancer is the most common male malignant *** and the androgen receptor(AR)play a key role in the onset and progression of prostate *** expression of the AR is still preserved in the majority of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC).CRPC is considered to be induced by the following mechanisms:(1)sustained AR activation by enhancing intracellular conversion of adrenal androgens to dehydrotestosterone via a de novo route;(2)AR hypersensitivity;(3)promiscuous activation of AR signaling;and(4)outlaw *** advances in the treatment of CRPC include novel medicinestargeting AR signaling *** addition,functional molecular studies have shown that some of the ARregulated genes and AR coregulators are prognostic markers and potential therapeutic targets for prostate cancer,particularly in the castration-resistant ***,identification of the AR signaling pathways responsible for establishment of CRPC is critical for developing new strategies for the treatment of CRPC.

关键词： Androgen receptor Prostate cancer Pyrrole-imidazole polyamide