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Effects of the sand content of muddy water content on one-dimensional vertical infiltration characteristics and dense layer formation characteristics

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 172-179页

作者： Shouxuan kang Liangjun Fei Yun Zhong Lihua Liu State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-electric Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region Ministry of EducationChina Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002HubeiChina School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038HebeiChina

Muddy water irrigation,an effective water-saving irrigation method,has been widely used in the Yellow River Basin in *** investigate the effect of sand content on water infiltration and dense layer formation under one-dimensional vertical infiltration of muddy water,muddy water infiltration experiments were performed in the laboratory,and five sand contents of muddy water(S=0%,3%,6%,9%,and 12%)were *** were established to describe the relationship between the cumulative infiltration amount[I(t)]and the infiltration duration(t);the relationship among the migration distance of the wetting front(Z),S,and t;the thickness of the sedimentary layer[H(t)];and the relationship between S and *** results revealed that I(t)and Z decreased significantly with the increase of sand contents,while H(t)increased significantly with the increase of sand contents.I(t)and Z were in the range of 7 cm and 20 cm for each treatment,*** variation in I(t)with t fitted Kostiakov and Philip models,and the coefficients of determination were all greater than *** the increase in S,the infiltration coefficient gradually decreased,the infiltration index gradually increased,and the sorptivity gradually *** particle composition of the sedimentary layer was similar to that of the argillaceous sediment,and the content of particles with a size of less than 2 mm in the sedimentary layer was lower than that of the argillaceous *** with the original soil,the content of particles with a size of less than 0.05 mm and physical clay particles(diameter less than 0.01 mm)in the soil with an infiltration depth of 0-2 cm *** retention layer was from the topsoil to the infiltration depth of approximately 2 *** study can provide a scientific basis for further research on soil infiltration mechanisms under muddy water.

关键词： muddy water sand content dense layer cumulative infiltration wetting front transport deposit layer thickness

Heterobimetallic[NiCo]integration in a hydrogenase mimic for boosting light-driven hydrogen evolution in CaTiO_(3)

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6888-6894页

作者： kang Li Juanji Hong Ningning Song Zhanjun Guo Minmin Liang Experimental Center of Advanced Materials School of Materials Science&EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 10081China

Light-drive hydrogen production using titanium-based perovskite is one sustainable way to reduce current reliance on fossil fuels,but its wide applications are still limited by high electron−hole recombination and sluggish surface ***,the developments for low-cost and highly efficient co-catalysts remain *** by natural[NiFe]-hydrogenase active center structure,a hydrogenase-mimic,NiCo_(2)S_(4) nanozyme was synthesized,and subsequently decorated onto the CaTiO_(3) to catalyze the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Among the following test,CaTiO_(3)with a 15%loading of NiCo_(2)S_(4) nanozyme exhibited the highest HER rate of 307.76μmol·g^(–1)·h^(–1),which is 60 times higher than that of the CaTiO_(3) *** results reveal that NiCo_(2)S_(4) not only significantly increased the charge separation efficiency of the photogenerated carriers,but also substantively lowered the HER activation *** studies show that NiCo_(2)S_(4) readily splits H_(2)O by forming the Ni(OH)-Co intermediate and only Ni in the bimetallic center alters the oxidation state during the HER process in a manner analogous to the[NiFe]-*** contrast to the often-expensive synthetic catalysts that rely on rare elements such as ruthenium and platinum,this study shows a promising way to develop the nature-inspired cocatalysts to enhance the photocatalysts’HER performance.

关键词： hydrogen evolution reaction hydrogenase-mimic nanozyme photocatalyst water-splitting

The short and long-term effect of polystyrene nanoplastics on nitrifying sludge at high nitrite concentrations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 222-231页

作者： Xiaolong Wang Jialu Huang Zhiqiang Qi Ruiqin kang Chao Du Da Li School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Anyang Institute of TechnologyAnyang 455000China Henan Licheng Environmental Technology Co. Ltd.Anyang 455000China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

The effect of nanoplastics(NPs)on nitrite oxidation bacteria(NOB)community in treating high-strength wastewater remains unclear,which seriously affects the stability of nitrogen removal *** this study,highly active nitrifying sludge was enriched and exposed to 50nm polystyrene NPs(PS-NPs)for short-term(1,100,500,and 1000 mg/L,1.5 hr)and long-term(1,10,100 mg/L,40 days)at high nitrite *** contrast to previous studies,our results showed that the exposures to PS-NPs had little effect on nitrifying *** long-term exposure,the protein/polysaccharide ratios in extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)were positively correlated with PS-NPs concentrations(0.78–0.99).The produced reactive oxygen species(ROS)were gradually removed,and PS-NPs higher than 10 mg/L caused damage to membrane ***-term exposure for 40 days increased the community diversity and caused significant differences between the control and exposed *** control group were dominated by Nitrobacter and Exiguobacterium,while the exposure group was dominated by Bacillus,Mycobacterium,and Nitrospira.A noticeable shift in the NOB community from Nitrobacter(26.5%to 3.4%)to Nitrospira(1.61%to 14.27%)was observed.A KEGG analysis indicated a decrease in cell growth and death,cell motility and energy *** appeared that NOB could adapt to PS-NPs stress through enhanced secretion and removal of oxidative ***,this study provided new insights into the response mechanism of NOB to PS-NPs exposure.

关键词： Nanoplastics Nitrifying activity Extracellular polymeric substance(EPS) Exposure Community analysis

An Improved Harris Hawk Optimization Algorithm for Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2337-2360页

作者： Zhaolin Lv Yuexia Zhao Hongyue kang Zhenyu Gao Yuhang Qin College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China College of Information Management Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210031China Department of Intelligent Supply Chain JD LogisticsBeijing100076China College of Intelligent Science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China

Flexible job shop scheduling problem(FJSP)is the core decision-making problem of intelligent manufacturing production *** Harris hawk optimization(HHO)algorithm,as a typical metaheuristic algorithm,has been widely employed to solve scheduling ***,HHO suffers from premature convergence when solving NP-hard ***,this paper proposes an improved HHO algorithm(GNHHO)to solve the *** introduces an elitism strategy,a chaotic mechanism,a nonlinear escaping energy update strategy,and a Gaussian random walk strategy to prevent premature convergence.A flexible job shop scheduling model is constructed,and the static and dynamic FJSP is investigated to minimize the *** paper chooses a two-segment encoding mode based on the job and the machine of the *** verify the effectiveness of GNHHO,this study tests it in 23 benchmark functions,10 standard job shop scheduling problems(JSPs),and 5 standard ***,this study collects data from an agricultural company and uses the GNHHO algorithm to optimize the company’s *** optimized scheduling scheme demonstrates significant improvements in makespan,with an advancement of 28.16%for static scheduling and 35.63%for dynamic ***,it achieves an average increase of 21.50%in the on-time order delivery *** results demonstrate that the performance of the GNHHO algorithm in solving FJSP is superior to some existing algorithms.

关键词： Flexible job shop scheduling improved Harris hawk optimization algorithm(GNHHO) premature convergence maximum completion time(makespan)

Co-electrolysis of ethylene glycol and carbon dioxide for formate synthesis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1539-1544页

作者： Dongfeng Du Fusong kang Shiru Yang Bin Shao Jingshan Luo Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and CellsKey Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of TianjinMinistry of Education Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic TechnologyNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192China Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network TechnologyNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China

Co-electrolysis of waste plastics and carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) into value-added chemicals or fuels is a promising pathway for a sustainable society, but efficient and selective conversion remains a challenge. Herein, a gold-mediated nickel hydroxide(Au/Ni(OH)_(2)) is developed to oxidize waste plastic-derived ethylene glycol(EG) into formate. In-situ electrochemical experiments and theoretical results reveal that the introduction of Au favors the redox properties and EG adsorption behavior of Ni(OH)_(2). The Au/Ni(OH)_(2) catalyst shows an excellent formate selectivity of >90% at high current densities of above 100 m A cm^(-2). When coupled with sputtered bismuth(Bi) cathode for CO_(2) reduction, a high formate Faradic efficiency(FE) of 188.2% at 200 m A cm^(-2)and a good formate productivity of 7.33 mmol m^(-2)s^(-1)at 10 A are obtained in a flow cell and a zero-gap membrane electrode assembly(MEA) cell, respectively. This work demonstrates a promising strategy to convert waste plastics and CO_(2) into valuable products.

关键词： waste plastic upcycling ethylene glycol oxidation carbon dioxide reduction electrocatalysis formate synthesis

Erosion Characteristics of Oil-immersed On-load Tap Changer Contacts Under Varying Contact Speeds and Pressures

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2024年第1期10卷 21-34页

作者： Zongying Li Shuaibing Li Yongqiang kang Zheng Li Hongwei Li School of New Energy and Power Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China School of Electrical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China School of Automation and Electrical Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China

With the growing demand for precise voltage adjustment and reactive regulation,the frequent operation of on-load tap changers(OLTCs)in oil-immersed systems has led to increased erosion of switch contacts by arcs during the switching *** erosion causes significant wear on the contacts,thereby reducing their ***,the present study aims to investigate the behavior and mechanism of arc erosion on contact surfaces in oil-immersed *** achieve this,a self-designed friction and wear test device for OLTC contacts was utilized to conduct experiments at various sliding speeds and contact ***,finite element analysis was employed to validate the experimental results regarding the influence of sliding speed on arc *** surface morphology of the contacts was observed using an optical *** findings revealed that as the sliding speed increased,the arc energy,arc initiation rate,and contact resistance initially exhibited an upward trend,then decreased,and eventually increased *** minimum values were observed at a sliding speed of 90 mm/***,the arc energy,arc initiation rate,and contact resistance decreased gradually as the contact pressure *** reaching a contact pressure of 1.5 N,the variation in the arc energy *** lower contact pressures,arc erosion dominated the wear on the contact ***,at higher contact pressures,the wear transitioned from predominantly arc erosion to a combination of mechanical wear and arc *** summary,experimental and analytical investigations provided insights into the effects of sliding speed and contact pressure on the behavior of arc erosion,contact resistance,and surface damage of OLTC contacts in oil-immersed systems.

关键词： Oil-immersed on-load tap changer arc energy contact resistance friction and wear arc erosion

Aging Mechanism and Life Estimation of Photovoltaic Inverter DC-link Capacitors in Alternating Humid and Thermal Environment

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2024年第1期10卷 48-62页

作者： Quanyi Gao Shuaibing Li Yi Cui Yongqiang kang Haiying Dong School of New Energy and Power Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China State Key Laboratory of Large Electric Drive System and Equipment Technology Tianshui 741000China School of Engineering University of Southern QueenslandSpringfield 4300Australia

DC-link capacitors play a vital role in managing ripple voltage and current in converters and various *** study focuses on exploring the aging characteristics of DC-link capacitors in alternating humid and thermal environments aligned with the operational conditions in photovoltaic and wind power *** to relevant power equipment standards,we designed a 24-h alternating humid and thermal aging environment tailored to the requirements of DC-link *** aging test platform is established,and 20 widely used metallized polypropylene film capacitors are selected for *** such as the capacitance,equivalent series resistance(ESR),and phase angle are assessed during aging,as well as the onset time and extent of aging at various *** study focuses on the aging mechanisms,analyzing electrode corrosion,the self-healing process,and dielectric *** the aging characteristics enabled us to calculate the lifespan of the capacitor and predict it under different degrees of capacitance *** results show that under alternating humid and thermal conditions,capacitance attenuation and ESR increase exhibit exponential nonlinearity,influenced by factors such as the oxidation and self-healing of capacitive metal electrodes,dielectric main-chain fracture,and crystal *** study underscores the pivotal role of encapsulation in determining the aging decay time.

关键词： DC-link capacitors aging mechanism life prediction metallized film capacitors

Editorial for Special Issue on Commonsense Knowledge and Reasoning:Representation,Acquisition and Applications

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第2期21卷 215-216页

作者： kang Liu Yangqiu Song Jeff Z.Pan Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesChina Hongkong University of Science and Technology China The University of Edinburgh UK

Commonsense knowledge is an important resource for humans to understand the meanings or semantics of the *** ability to learn and own commonsense knowledge is one of the major gaps between humans and *** recent research progresses about deep learning,like Transformer,pre-trained models,etc.,have made amazing breakthroughs in many fields,including computer version,natural language learning,etc.,letting the machines have rich commonsense knowledge and possess the reasoning ability is still difficult and under-resolved.

关键词： own let breakthrough

Bioinspired sensing-memory-computing integrated vision systems: biomimetic mechanisms, design principles, and applications

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 5-27页

作者： Yujie HUANG Yinlong TAN Yan kang Yabo CHEN Yuhua TANG Tian JIANG Institute for Quantum Information and State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer National University of Defense Technology College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense Technology Institute for Quantum Science and Technology College of ScienceNational University of Defense Technology

With the explosion of sensory data in the Internet of Things(Io T) era, conventional machine vision systems are becoming increasingly difficult to meet the requirements of high efficiency, low energy consumption, and low latency due to their inherent shortcomings of separate sensing, memory, and computing units. Inspired by the retina and neuromorphic computing, the sensing-memory-computing integrated vision system(SMCVS) that features low power consumption, low latency, and high parallelism has been considered a promising technology to surpass the von Neumann architecture and realize strong artificial ***, novel materials like two-dimensional semiconductors and quantum dots with novel optoelectronic performance provide hardware carriers for implementing integrated sensing-memory-computing architectures,attracting considerable attention. This paper reviews the recent research progress in bioinspired vision systems in terms of biomimetic mechanisms, design principles, computational architectures, and ***, the biomimetic mechanisms are illustrated to guide the design of high-performance artificial visual perception systems. Then the research progress of optoelectronic-synapse-based bioinspired vision systems in the device principles and applications including image filtering, color recognition, visual adaptation, and motion detection are summarized. Finally, the challenges and future developing directions of the SMCVS are provided regarding bionic application, architecture design, and device fabrication.

关键词： sensing-memory-computing architecture neuromorphic computing retinomorphic device image recognition visual system