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Petrology and Structural Characterization of Post-Neoproterozoic dolerites from the Kimberlite Fields in the Kéniéba Region (Western Mali)

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第6期14卷 655-670页

作者： Gbele Ouattara Baco traore Ziandjêdé Hervé Siagné Aboubacar denon Souleymane Sangare Marc Ephrem Allialy Laboratoire des Sciences Gographiques du Gnie Civil et des Gosciences Institut National Polytechnique Flix HOUPHOUT-BOIGNY (INP-HB) Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire EUREKAGEO Sarl Consulting Mining Company Bamako Republic of Mali Unit de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences de la Terre et des Ressources Minires (UFR-STRM) University of Cocody Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Post-Neoproterozoic dolerites from the Kéniéba region (Western Mali) are often associated with kimberlites. The rarity of kimberlite outcrops led to the study of doleritic rocks, spatially associated with them. The petrographic and lithogeochemical study showed that the dolerites of the Kéniéba kimberlitic fields are of tholeiitic nature and of the E-MORB (Enriched-Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt) type. This reflects an enrichment over time, compared to the Birimian dolerites of the volcano-sedimentary greenstone belt of Toumodi, in central C?te d’Ivoire. Furthermore, these dolerites are enriched in SiO2, TiO2, Zr and poor in Fe2O3, MgO. These dolerites would have formed in a late to post-orogenic intracontinental context during the breakup of Gondwana. Structurally, Kéniéba dolerites are often associated with kimberlite pipes, fractures and large deep structures identified using aeromagnetic images. Taking into account the fact that kimberlites do not outcrop in the Kéniéba region, the geochemical study coupled with the interpretation of aeromagnetic data proved to be very useful for the search for pipes.

关键词： dolerites Kimberlitic Fields Petrology Structures Kéniéba Mali

Effect of Planting date on Yield and Yield Components of Grain Sorghum Hybrids

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 387-402页

作者： Bandiougou diawara Sory diallo Brahima traore Scott Staggenbord Vara Prasad Institut d’ Economie Rurale (IER) Bamako Mali Manhattan KS USA

In Kansas, productivity of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is affected by weather conditions at planting and during pollination. Planting date management and selection of hybrid maturity group can help to avoid severe environmental stresses during these sensitive stages. The hypothesis of the study was that late May planting improves grain sorghum yield and yield components compared with late June planting. The objectives of this research were to investigate the influence of planting dates yield and yield components of different grain sorghum hybrids, and to determine the optimal planting date and hybrid combination for maximum biomass and grains production. Three sorghum hybrids (early, medium, and late maturing) were planted in late May and late June without irrigation in Kansas at Manhattan/Ashland Bottom Research Station, and Hutchinson in 2010;and at Manhattan/North Farm and Hutchinson in 2011. data on dry matter production, yield and yield components were collected. Grain yield and yield components were influenced by planting date depending on environmental conditions. At Manhattan (2010), greater grain yield, number of heads per plant, were obtained with late-June planting compared with late May planting, while at Hutchinson (2010) greater yield was obtained with late May planting for all hybrids. The yield component most affected at Hutchinson was the number of kernels∙panicle−1 and plant density. Late-May planting was favorable for late maturing hybrid (P84G62) in all locations. However, the yield of early maturing hybrid (dKS 28-05) and medium maturing hybrid (dKS 37-07) was less affected by delayed planting. The effects of planting dates on yield and yield components of grain sorghum hybrids were found to be variable among hybrid maturity groups and locations.

关键词： Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Grain Yield Yield Components

Multi-Elemental Analysis and 2d Image Mapping within Roots, Leaves and Seeds from O. glaberrima Rice Plants Using Micro-PIXE Technique

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2024年第2期14卷 97-106页

作者： Alassane traore Anna Ndiaye Christopher Bongani Mtshali Manneh Baboucarr Jean Paul Latyr Faye daouda Mbodj Kandiaba traore Tapha Gueye Ababacar Sadikhe Ndao département de Physique Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal département de Chimie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Tandetron Laboratory IBA Group iThemba LABS Cape Town South Africa Africa Rice Center St. Louis Senegal

Understanding metal accumulation at organ level in roots, leaves and seeds in O. glaberrima (OG) is crucial for improving physiological and metabolic aspects in growing Asian and African rice in salted areas. The micro-analytical imaging techniques are required to reveal its accumulation and distribution within plant tissues. PIXE studies have been performed to determine different elements in rice plants. The existing microbeam analytical technique at the iThemba LABS will be applied for the 2d image mapping of fresh rice tissues to perform a concentration of low atomic mass elements (such as Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Br, Zn and K) with detection limits of typically 1-10 μg/g. Comparison of the distribution of the elements between leaves, root and seed samples using uptake and distribution of elements in particular environmental conditions with potential amount of salt in water have been performed. We are also expecting to indicate metal exclusion as salt tolerance strategies from leaves, root, and seed compartments using matrix correlation between samples and between elements on rice species.

关键词： PIXE 2d Mapping Rice Concentration Elemental Analysis

Investigation of the Fermentation Mode of Rice Husk for the Stabilization of Earth Plaster

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 17-36页

作者： Nafissatou Savadogo Yasmine Binta traore Nathael Lankoande Philbert Nshimiyimana Adamah Messan département de Génie Civil Ecole Supérieure d’Ingénierie de Fada (ESI-F) Université de Fada N’Gourma (UFDG) Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso Laboratoire Eco-Matériaux et Habitats durables (LEMHad) Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (Institut 2iE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

despite its low resistance to humidity, adobe remains the most widely used material for housing construction, particularly in developing countries. The present study aims to assess different modes of use of fermented RH and to evaluate their influence on the behavior of raw earth for application in plaster. The influences of two types of RH are evaluated: granular rice husk (RHg) and powdered RH (RHp). The clay mainly consists of clay (40%), silt (22%), and sand (38.4%), with a small proportion of gravel (0.24%). Its liquidity limit is 40% and the plasticity index is 26.5%. The mixtures were designed using earth and each of the two rice husks at the volumetric content of 10%, 15% and 20% of the total volume mixed with water 36.5%, 38.5% and 40.3% and fermented for three weeks. Each fermented mixture was added to the soil to form the paste, and 40 × 40 × 160 mm3 test speciments were made for characterization. The results generally show an improvement in the physico-mechanical properties and water resistance of the mortars containing fermented RH, with an optimal content between 10% and 15%. The powdered RH improved the performance of the mortar better than granular RH.

关键词： Earth Plaster Rice Husk Clay Fermentation Adobe

Evolution of Viral Load in Patients Infected with HIV-1 at Point G University Hospital

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 66-76页

作者： A. Maiga d. Kone d. M. Coulibaly Ag M. Baraika A. traore S. S. diakite I. I. Maiga I. Konate A. I. Maiga Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako (FMOS) University of Science of Technical and Technology De Bamako Bamako Mali Laboratory of Medical Biology and Hospital Hygiene of Point-G University Hospital Bamako Mali Faculty of Pharmacy of Bamako (FaPh) University of Science of Technical and Technology De Bamako Bamako Mali Laboratory of the Luxembourg Mother-Child Hospital Bamako Mali National Institute of Public Health Bamako Mali National Institute for Training in Health Sciences Bamako Mali Laboratory of the Kati University Hospital Center Bamako Mali Infectious and Tropical diseases department of Point-G University Hospital Bamako Mali Laboratory of CHU Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali

Introduction: HIV, the human immunodeficiency virus, is the etiological agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIdS). The aim of this study was to assess the evolution of the viral load in patients under treatment. Methodology: This was a study carried out from July 2017 to June 2022 at the Point G University Hospital laboratory. The determination of the viral load of patients was carried out by PCR on the ABOTT M2000sp/rt platform. Results: A total of 129 patients infected with HIV-1, aged 19 to 72 years with a mean age of 40.05 years ± 10.71;all on antiretroviral chemotherapy. The female gender predominated among our patients. The most common treatment regimen was 2INTI + 1INNTI with 72.9% followed by 2INTI + 1INI with 13.2%. As for the combinations of molecules, the combination TdF + 3TC + EFV and TdF + 3TC + dTG predominated, respectively 65.1% and 13.2%. 89.9% of our patients had undetectable viremia after 12 months of treatment (p d which had evolved from 681315.65 copies/ml ± 1616908.484 to M0 at 5742.36 copies /ml ± 35756.883 at M12 (p Conclusion: Generally speaking, antiretroviral treatment had contributed to controlling viral loads, however the therapeutic combination TdF + 3TC + dTG had made it possible to obtain more patients with undetectable viremia instead.

关键词： HIV-1 Treatment Viral Load Point G University Hospital

dyslipidemia in Adults with Type 2 diabetes in a Rural Community in Ganadougou, Mali: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Journal of diabetes Mellitus 2024年第2期14卷 133-152页

作者： Abdoulaye diawara djibril Mamadou Coulibaly drissa Kone Mama A. traore drissa Konaté dicko S. Bazi Oumar Kassogue djeneba Sylla Fatoumata Gniné Fofana Oudou diabaté Mariam traore Ibrahim Antoine Nieantao Kaly Keїta Mamadou diarra Olivia Smith Jian Li Cheickna Cisse Talib Yusuf Abbas Crystal Zheng Segun Fatumo Kassim traore Mamadou Wele Mahamadou diakité Seydou O. doumbia Jeffrey G. Shaffer University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako Bamako Mali National Federation of Community Health Associations Bamako Mali department of Tropical Medicine Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology John A. Burns School of Medicine University of Hawaii Manoa Honolulu USA department Biostatistics and data Science School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Tulane University New Orleans USA department of Biotechnology and Computer Science Burhani College Mazgaon Mumbai India School of Medicine Tulane University New Orleans USA Medical Research Council Uganda Virus Research Institute Entebbe Uganda London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK departement of Biochemistry and Genetics duquesne University College of Medicine Pittsburgh USA

dyslipidemia is a disorder where abnormally lipid concentrations circulate in the bloodstream. The disorder is common in type 2 diabetics (T2d) and is linked with T2d comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular disease. dyslipidemia in T2d is typically characterized by elevated plasma triglyceride and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HdL-C) levels. There is a significant gap in the literature regarding dyslipidemia in rural parts of Africa, where lipid profiles may not be captured through routine surveillance. This study aimed to characterize the prevalence and demo-graphic profile of dyslipidemia in T2d in the rural community of Ganadougou, Mali. We performed a cross-sectional study of 104 subjects with T2d in Ganadougou between November 2021 and March 2022. demographic and lipid profiles were collected through cross-sectional surveys and serological analyses. The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia in T2d patients was 87.5% (91/104), which did not differ by sex (P = .368). High low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LdL-C) was the most common lipid abnormality (78.9%, [82/104]). dyslipidemia was associated with age and hypertension status (P = .013 and.036, respectively). High total and high LdL-C parameters were significantly associated with hypertension (P = .029 and .006, respectively). In low-resource settings such as rural Mali, there is a critical need to improve infrastructure for routine dyslipidemia screening to guide its prevention and intervention approaches. The high rates of dyslipidemia observed in Gandadougou, consistent with concomitant increases in cardiovascular diseases in Africa suggest that lipid profile assessments should be incorporated into routine medical care for T2d patients in African rural settings.

关键词： Cholesterol Cross-Sectional Study dyslipidemia Lipids Mali Type 2 diabetes

Acute Toxicity and Anthelmintic Effects of Gomphrena serrata L. (Amaranthaceae) Extracts on Adult Worms and Eggs of Haemonchus contortus

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2024年第5期15卷 207-221页

作者： Hippolyte Ouedraogo Mohamed Bonewendé Belemlilga Aristide traore Gilchrist Abdoul Laurent Boly Félicité Moyenga Gueswindé Geoffroy Ouedraogo Sylvain Ilboudo Lazare Belemnaba Sylvin Ouedraogo Laboratoire de Recherche-dé veloppement de Phytom&#233dicaments et M&#233dicaments (LR-D/PM) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant&#233 (IRSS) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de dé veloppement du M&#233dicament (LADME) Centre de Formation deRecherche et d&#8217Expertises en Sciences du M&#233dicament (CEA-CFOREM) &#201cole Doctorale Sciences de la Sant&#233 (ED2S) Universit&#233 Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso International Research Laboratory-Environnement Sant&#233 Soci&#233t&#233s (IRL 3189 ESS) CNRS/CNRST/UCAD/UGB/USTTB Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Gomphrena serrata L. (Amaranthaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used traditionally in rural areas to treat many diseases, including gastrointestinal helminthiasis of small ruminants. This work aims to estimate the plant extracts phytochemical potential and study the activities of the aqueous decoction (GS_Ad), aqueous macerate (GS_AM), and hydroalcoholic macerate (GS_HEM) of Gomphrena serrata extracts on two developmental stages (eggs and adult worms) of Haemonchus contortus. Phytochemical screening was carried out. The acute toxicity test was performed according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and development (OECd) test guideline 423. The Haemonchus contortus eggs hatching inhibition test was performed left to incubate for 48 hours in the presence of the different plant extracts at increasing concentrations of 0.125;0.25;0.5;0.625;1;2;3 mg/mL. For the motility inhibition test on adult worms, the worms were contacted with the extracts at concentrations of 0.75;1;1.25;1.5;2;3;4 mg/mL and left to incubate for 24 hours. Albendazole and levamisole were used as standard. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, reducing compounds, coumarins and derivatives, anthocyanins, steroids, triterpenes, and flavonoids. An acute toxicity study showed that the oral Ld50 value of G. serrata was estimated to be 5000 mg/kg. All extracts showed an effect on both stages of parasite development. The hatching inhibition rate was 100% from 3 mg/mL for all three extracts. The rate of inhibition of motility was 100% from 4 mg/mL for each extract. HEM is more efficient on eggs and Haemonchus contortus adult worms than other extracts with IC50 of 0.457 mg/mL and LC50 of 1.329 mg/mL, respectively. These results suggest that Gomphrena serrata, a plant used by farmers, has anthelmintic properties.

关键词： Gomphrena serrata Haemonchus contortus Anthelmintic In Vitro

Molecular detection of Resistance and Virulence Genes in Coagulase Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Blood Cultures at the University Teaching Hospital of Bouake

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第6期12卷 52-63页

作者： Oby Zéphirin Wayoro Ahou Micheline N’Guessan Adjaratou traore Akissi Christine Houssou Etilé Augustin Anoh Abdoulaye diarrassouba Safiatou Karidioula Juste Olivier Tadet Pacôme Monemo Chantal Akoua-Koffi Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire (CHU) de Bouak Laboratoire de Bactriologie-Virologie Bouak Cte dIvoire departement des Sciences Fondamentales et Bioclinique UFR des Sciences Mdicales Universit Alassane Ouattara (UAO) de Bouak Bouak Cte dIvoire

Introduction: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are currently recognized as genuine pathogens. However, little is known about the resistance and virulence genes that explain their pathogenicity in hospitals in Cte d'Ivoire. The aim of this study was to contribute to the genotypic identification of resistance and virulence genes in CoNS isolated from blood cultures at the University Teaching Hospital (CHU) of Bouak, in order to improve patient management. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted from September to december 2023. The CoNS isolates studied came from the collection of strains isolated from blood cultures of febrile patients hospitalized or attending consultations at the CHU of Bouak. The strains were analyzed using conventional simplex PCR. Results: Of the 45 isolates analyzed, 46.7% carried both the aacA-aphd and tetK genes and 40% carried the mecA gene. With regard to virulence genes, only the LukS-PV gene was observed in S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus isolates. Conclusion: The high prevalence of CoNS isolates carrying the mecA gene and the presence of virulence genes observed in this study give cause for concern in hospitals. It is important to develop comprehensive surveillance strategies against nosocomial and multi-resistant infections at the CHU of Bouak.

关键词： Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus Gene Multiresistance Virulence Bouaké

Molecular diagnosis of Sexual differentiation disorders in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第3期12卷 1-15页

作者： Bazie Bapio Valérie Elvira Jean Télesphore Sawadogo Soumaïla Zohoncon Théodora Mahoukèdè Tall Ahmadou Bado Prosper Soubeiga Serge Théophile Ouattara Moussa Sorgho Abel Kiendrebeogo Touwendpoulimdé Isabelle Yonli Albert Theophane djigma Florencia Millogo/traore Timongo Françoise danielle Simpore Jacques Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Unité de Formation en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigonie (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Régional de Ouahigouya Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouedraogo Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Sex development anomalies represent a group of congenital pathologies in which chromosomal, gonadal and anatomical sex differentiation is atypical. The aim of our study was to use molecular biology techniques to elucidate sex in cases of anomalies of sexual differentiation in Burkina Faso. This cross-sectional study took place from March 2023 to June 2023. Oral and blood samples were collected respectively using sterile swabs and stored on Swab Kits and NUCLEIcardTM (https://***/product-ranges/nucleic-card/) were used to determine gonosome profiles. Extraction was carried out using the dNA Swap solution Kit and the dNA IQ System Kit, and a PowerPlex? 21 kit (Promega) for amplification. The Applied Biosystems 9700 thermal cycler was used for PCR followed by 36 cm capillary electrophoresis in the Applied Biosystems 3130 prism sequencer. Sequence files were analyzed using GeneMapper IdX v. 3.2 software. Seven (07) patients were registered during the study period. There were 4 cases of XX dSd or 46, XX dSd and 3 cases of XY dSd or 46, XY dSd. The median age of our patients was 16 years. Civilian sex was male in 4 cases and female in 3. The most frequent reason for consultation was micropenis in 3 cases, followed by primary amenorrhea and sex ambiguity. There were 03 cases of discrepancy between genetic sex and civil sex. The accessibility of molecular diagnosis is little known to clinicians. XX dSds or 46, XX dSds were the most frequent (4/7) in our study. The problem facing this situation is early diagnosis to help prevent complications in Burkina Faso.

关键词： Gonosome dSd Abnormal Sexual development Burkina Faso