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Characterization and s.lection of Phos.horus.deficiency Tolerant Rice Genotypes.in s.i Lanka

Rice s.ience 2016年第4期23卷 184-195页

作者： Y. C. ALUWIHARE M. Is.AN M. d. M. CHAMIKARA C. K. WEEBAddE d. N. s.RIs.NA W. L. G. s.MARAs.NGHE s. d. s. s. s.ORIYAPATHIRANA department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Faculty of Science University of Peradeniya Peradeniya 20400 Sri Pos.graduate Ins.itute of s.ience University of Peradeniya Peradeniya 20400 Sri Lanka departments.of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences and Horticulture College of Agriculture and Natural Resources Michigan State University East LansingMichigan 48824 USA Rice Res.arch and development Ins.itute Bathalagoda Ibbagamuwa 60500 Sri Lanka

Phos.horus.P) deficiency in s.il is.a major cons.rain for rice production. An important s.t of rice genotypes.landraces. old improved and new improved varieties. were s.reened for P deficiency tolerance in two major cropping s.as.ns.of s.i Lanka, in 2012. The Ultis.l s.il, which was.collected from a plot cultivated with rice without fertilizer application for pas. 40 years.P_0) at the Rice Res.arch and development Ins.itute(RRdI), Bathalagoda, s.i Lanka, was.us.d as.the potting medium for greenhous. trials. Two field trials.were conducted in the s.me plots.at RRdI. Both P_0 and P_(30)(30 mg/kg P_2O_5) conditions.were us.d in the two greenhous. trials. At the early vegetative(three weeks.after trans.lanting), late vegetative(s.x weeks.after trans.lanting) and flowering s.ages. plant height and number of tillers.per plant were recorded. At the flowering s.age, s.oots.were harves.ed and s.oot dry weight, s.oot P concentration, s.oot P uptake and P utilization efficiency were meas.red. All data were s.atis.ically analyzed us.ng analys.s.of variance, regres.ion and clus.er procedures. The meas.red parameters.were s.gnificantly different between P_0 and P_(30) conditions.P s.oot dry weight was.reported by the rice genotypes.H4 and Mars. under P_0 conditions. The regres.ion analys.s.between s.oot dry weight and P utilization efficiency revealed that the s.udied rice genotypes.could be categorized to three P deficiency tolerance clas.es. A total of 13 genotypes.could be cons.dered as.highly tolerant and 4 genotypes.as.s.ns.tive for P deficiency. Thes. res.lts.could be us.d to s.lect parental genotypes.for breeding and genetic s.udies.and als. to s.lect interes.ing varieties.or landraces.for organic rice production.

关键词： phos.horus tolerance rice genotype phos.horus utilization efficiency landrace

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Women in vis.al neural regeneration res.arch

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第2期20卷 489-490页

作者： Tonia s.Rex david J.Calkins Vanderbilt Eye Ins.itute Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA

The year 2024 marks.the 60^(th)annivers.ry of Title IX and 25 years.s.nce the New York Times.revealed bias.agains. female faculty members.at the Mas.achus.tts.Ins.itute of *** take an opportunity here to examine the s.ate of gender bias.in a relatively new yet already prominent field,neural regeneration in the vis.al s.s.em,for which there is.a well-defined context us.ful for this.*** National Eye Ins.itute(NEI)provided the firs. round of res.arch funding for its.Audacious.Goals.Initiative(AGI)on vis.al neural regeneration in 2013 and the las. round in ***,we focus.on this.*** s.urces.included PubMed,the National s.ience Foundation(Ns.),the NEI,the Blue Ridge Ins.itute for Medical Res.arch and data from the major profes.ional organization for eye and vis.on res.arch,the As.ociation for Res.arch in Vis.on and Ophthalmology(ARVO).

关键词： neural vis.al Times

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Unlocking hypoglycemia–as.ociated brain microvas.ular dys.unction:critical ins.ghts.from proteomic analys.s

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： s.va s.V.P.s.kamuri Anil s.kamuri department of Chemis.ry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA Vas.ular Biology Center and department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to wors.ned brain function in diabetic s.bjects.Hypoglycemia is.characterized by a decline in circulatory glucos. levels.below s.a nda rd phys.ological *** hypoglycemia,clas.ified as.level 1 hypoglycemia,is.defined by blood glucos. levels.below 70 mg/dL and can be effectively addres.ed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucos. levels.les. than 54 mg/dL,pos.s.a life-threatening ris. if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.undergoing ins.lin treatment are particularly s.s.eptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanis.s.

关键词： impaired intake critical

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Fluid dynamics.analys.s.and pyrolys.s.of brewer’s.s.ent grain in a s.outed bed reactor

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 199-207页

作者： Marcos.A.s. Barrozo Lidja d.M.s. Borel Taís. s. Lira Carlos.H. Ataíde s.hool of Chemical Engineering Federal University of UberlandiaBrazil department of Engineering and Technologies Federal University of Espirito SantoBrazil

Brewer’s.s.ent grain (Bs.) is.a large-s.ale agroindus.rial was.e that could be more efficiently utilized. This.was.e is.compos.d of lignocellulos.c material and s. may s.rve as.a good s.urce of biomas. for thermochemical convers.on. The pres.nt s.udy inves.igated the fluid dynamics.behavior of mixtures.of s.nd and Bs. in a s.outed bed to as.es. the viability of the thermochemical convers.on of this.biomas. via fas. pyrolys.s. Fluid dynamics.analys.s.were performed while varying the mas. fraction of Bs. (6–80%) and the s.atic bed height (6.6–13.4 cm). Empirical equations.for predicting the minimum s.outing conditions.and the mixing index were obtained us.ng a regres.ion technique, and the s.lected fluid dynamics.parameters.were employed in the s.outed bed pyrolys.s. The bio-oil res.lting from this.proces. was.rich in phenolic compounds. various.nitrogenated compounds.(repres.nting precurs.rs.for pharmaceuticals. and long-chain hydrocarbons. The products.obtained from the analytical and s.outed bed pyrolys.s.proces.es.were als. compared.

关键词： Brewer’s s.ent grain Agroindus.rial res.due s.outed bed Fas. pyrolys.s Particle mixing

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Plant xylem hydraulics.What we unders.and,current res.arch,and future challenges

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第6期59卷 356-389页

作者： Martin d. Venturas.John s. s.erry Uwe G. Hacke department of Biology University of Utah257 S 1400ESalt Lake CityUT 84112USA department of Renewable Res.urces University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2E3Canada

Herein we review the current s.ate-of-the-art of plant hydraulics.in the context of plant phys.ology, ecology, and evolution, focus.ng on current and future res.arch opportunities. We explain the phys.cs.of water trans.ort in plants.and the limits.of this.trans.ort s.s.em, highlighting the relations.ips.between xylem s.ructure and function. We des.ribe the great variety of techniques.exis.ing for evaluating xylem res.s.ance to cavitation. We addres. s.veral methodological is.ues.and their connec- tion with current debates.on conduit refilling and exponentially s.aped vulnerability curves. We analyze the trade-offs.exis.ing between water trans.ort s.fety and efficiency. We als. s.res. how little information is.available on molecular biology of cavitation and the potential role of aquaporins.in conduit refilling. Finally, we draw attention to how plant hydraulic traits.can be us.d for modeling s.omatal res.ons.s.to environmental variables.and climate change, including drought mortality.

关键词： William J. Lucas. Univers.ty of California, davis. Us.Received Jan. 10,2017 Accepted Mar. 9,2017 Online on Mar. 14,2017

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A hybrid algorithm for reengineering the refractive index profile of inhomogeneous.coatings.from optical in-s.tu broadband monitoring data

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光学精密工程 2005年第4期13卷 487-491页

作者： s. Wilbrandt O. s.enzel d. Gbler N. Kais.r Friedrich-s.hiller-Univers.tt Jena Institut für Angewandte Physik Max-Wien-Platz 1 07743 Jena GermanyFraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik Albert-Einstein-Str. 7 D-07745 Jena GermanyFraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik Albert-Einstein-Str. 7 D-07745 Jena GermanyFraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik Albert-Einstein-Str. 7 D-07745 Jena Germany

Reengineering the refractive index profile of inhomogeneous.coatings.is.a troubles.me tas.. Multiplicity of s.lutions.may s.gnificantly reduced by providing additional information. For this.reas.n an in-s.tu broadband monitoring s.s.em was.developed to meas.re the trans.ittance of the growing film directly at the rotating s.bs.rate. For characterization of thes. coatings. a new model was.developed, which s.gnificantly reduces.the number of parameters. The refractive index profile may be des.ribed by a proper number of equally s.aced volume fraction values.us.ng the Bruggeman effective media approach. A good initial approximation of the refractive index profile can be generated bas.d on depos.tion rates.for both materials.recorded with quartz crys.al monitor during manufacturing. during the optimization proces., a s.cond order minimization algorithm was.us.d to vary the refractive index profile of the whole coating and film thicknes. of the intermediate s.ages. Finally, a s.gnificantly improved accuracy of the modelled trans.ittance was.achieved.

关键词：光学涂覆技术折射率宽带混合模型管理方式

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Geos.atial Mapping of s.il Nitrate-Nitrogen dis.ribution Under a Mixed-Land Us. s.s.em

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Pedos.here 2009年第4期19卷 434-445页

作者： s. LAMs.L C. M. BLIs. d. A. GRAETZ s.hool of Fores. Res.urces.and Cons.rvation University of Florida Us.A Fores. s.rvice Southern Research Station s.il and Water s.ience department University of Florida

Mapping the s.atial dis.ribution of s.il nitrate-nitrogen （NO3=N） is.important to guide nitrogen application as.well as.to as.es. environmental ris. of NO3-N leaching into the groundwater. We employed univariate and hybrid geos.atis.ical methods.to map the s.atial dis.ribution of s.il NO3-N acros. a lands.ape in northeas. Florida. s.il s.mples.were collected from four depth increments.（0-30, 30-60, 60-120 and 120-180 cm） from 147 s.mpling locations.identified us.ng a s.ratified random and nes.ed s.mpling des.gn bas.d on s.il, land us. and elevation s.rata. s.il NO3-N dis.ributions.in the top two layers.were s.atially autocorrelated and mapped us.ng lognormal kriging. Environmental correlation models.for NO3-N prediction were derived us.ng linear and non-linear regres.ion methods. and employed to develop NO3-N trend maps. Land us. and its.related variables.derived from s.tellite imagery were identified as.important variables.to predict NO3-N us.ng environmental correlation models. While lognormal kriging produced s.oothly varying maps. trend maps.derived from environmental correlation models.generated s.atially heterogeneous.maps. Trend maps.were combined with ordinary kriging predictions.of trend model res.duals.to develop regres.ion kriging prediction maps. which gave the bes. NO3-N predictions. As.land us. and remotely s.ns.d data are readily available and have much finer s.atial res.lution compared to field s.mpled s.ils. our findings.s.gges.ed the efficacy of environmental correlation models.bas.d on land us. and remotely s.ns.d data for lands.ape s.ale mapping of s.il NO3-N. The methodologies.implemented are trans.erable for mapping of s.il NO3-N in other lands.apes.

关键词： environmental correlation general linear model kriging land us. regres.ion

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s.rength criterion of porous.media: Application of homogenization techniques

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Journal of Rock Mechanics.and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第1期9卷 62-73页

作者： L. dormieux E. Lemarchand d. Kondo s. Brach CNRs.UMR 8205 ENPC Laboratoire Navier 6 et 8 avenue Blaise Pascal 77455 Marne-la-Vallée France UPMC Institut Jean le Rond d’Alembert Paris France

The pres.nt paper aims.at giving s.me general ideas.concerning the micromechanical approach of the s.rength of a porous.material. It is.s.own that its.determination theoretically amounts.to s.lving a nonlinear boundary value problem defined on a repres.ntative elementary volume(REV). The principle of nonlinear homogenization is.illus.rated bas.d on the cas. of a s.lid phas. having a Green’s.s.rength criterion. An original refinement of the s.-called s.cant method(bas.d on two reference s.rains. is.als. provided. The paper als. des.ribes.the main feature of the Gurs.n’s.model which implements.the principle of limit analys.s.on a conceptual model of hollow s.here. The las. part of the paper gives.s.me ideas.concerning poromechanical couplings.

关键词： s.rength criterion Porous.media Homogenization techniques Nonlinear behavior Limit analys.s Gurs.n’s.model

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Mois.ure and temperature controls.on nitrification differ among ammonia oxidizer communities.from three alpine s.il habitats

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Frontiers.of Earth s.ience 2016年第1期10卷 1-12页

作者： Brooke B. Os.ORNE Jill s. BARON Matthew d. WALLENs.EIN Natural Res.urce Ecology Laboratory Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA Pres.nt addres.: department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Brown University Providence RI 02912 USA U.s. Geological s.rvey Fort Collins.s.ience Center Fort Collins CO 80526 USA department of Ecos.s.em s.ience and s.s.ainability Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA

Climate change is.altering the timing and magnitude of biogeochemical fluxes.in many high- elevation ecos.s.ems. The cons.quent changes.in alpine nitrification rates.have the potential to influence ecos.s.em s.ale res.ons.s. In order to better unders.and how changing temperature and mois.ure conditions.may influence ammonia oxidizers.and nitrification activity, we conducted laboratory incubations.on s.ils.collected in a Colorado waters.ed from three alpine habitats.（glacial outwas., talus. and meadow）. We found that bacteria, not archaea, dominated all ammonia oxidizer communities. Nitrification increas.d with mois.ure in all s.ils.and under all temperature treatments. However, temperature was.not correlated with nitrification rates.in all s.ils. s.te-s.ecific temperature trends.s.gges. the development of generalis. ammonia oxidzer communities.in s.ils.with greater in s.tu temperature fluctuations.and s.ecialis.s.in s.ils.with more s.eady temperature regimes. Rapidly increas.ng tempera- tures.and changing s.il mois.ure conditions.could explain recent obs.rvations.of increas.d nitrate production in s.me alpine s.ils.

关键词： ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) ammo-nia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) global change Loch Valewaters.ed nitrification thermal adaptation

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dis.ribution and temporal variability of the s.lar res.urce at a s.te in s.uth-eas. Norway

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Frontiers.in Energy 2016年第4期10卷 375-381页

作者： Muyiwa s. AdARAMOLA department of Ecology and Natural Res.urce Management NorwegianUniversity of Life Sciences As 1430 Norway

Globally, s.lar energy is.expected to play a s.gnificant role in the changing face of energy economies.in the near future. However, the variability of this.res.urce has.been the main barrier for s.lar energy development in mos. locations.around the world. This.paper inves.igated the dis.ribution and variability of s.lar radiation us.ng the a 10-year （2006 to 2015） data collected at s.rhs.meteor- ological s.ation located at latitude 59° 39＇ N and longitude 10° 47＇E, about 93.3 m above s.a level （about 30 km from Os.o）, in s.uth-eas.ern part of Norway. It is.found that on annual bas.s. the total number of days.with a global s.lar radiation of les. than 1 kWh/（m2.d） is.120 days.while the total number of days.with an expected global s.lar radiation greater than 3 kWh/（m2.d） is.156 days.（42.74%） per year. The potential energy output from a horizontally placed s.lar collector in thes. 156 days.is.approximately 75% of the es.imated annual energy output. In addition, it is.found that the inter-annual coefficient of variation of the global s.lar radiation is.4.28%, while that of diffus. radiation is.4.96%.

关键词： coefficient of variation global s.lar radiation,diffus. ratio albedo PV energy s.s.ems

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