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Evaluation of gas production from multiple coal seams： A simulation study and economics

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第3期28卷 359-371页

作者： Yanting Wu Zhejun Pan dingyu Zhang Zhaohui Lu Luke d. Connell College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing) Beijing 100083 China CSIrO Energy Business Unit Clayton South VIC 3169 Australia Chongqing Institute of Geology and Mineral resources Chongqing 400042 China

Gas production from multiple coal seams has become common practice in many coal basins around the world. Although gas production rates are typically enhanced, the economic viability of such practice is not well studied. In order to investigate the technical and economic feasibility of multiple coal seams production, reservoir simulation integrated with economics modelling was performed to study the effect of important reservoir properties of the secondary coal seam on production and economic performance using both vertical and horizontal wells. The results demonstrated that multiple seam gas production of using both vertical and horizontal wells have competitive advantage over single layer production under most scenarios. Gas content and permeability of the secondary coal seam are the most important reservoir properties that have impact on the economic feasibility of multiple seam gas production. The comparison of vertical well and horizontal well performance showed that horizontal well is more economically attractive for both single well and gas field. Moreover, wellhead price is the most sensitive to the economic performance, followed by operating costs and government subsidy. Although the results of reservoir simulation combined with economic analysis are subject to assumptions, multiple seam gas production is more likely to maintain profitability compared with single layer production.

关键词： Multiple coal seam Production simulation Economic viability Sensitivity Coalbed methane

role of (myo)fibroblasts in the development of vascular and connective tissue structure of the C38 colorectal cancer in mice

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Cancer Communications 2018年第1期38卷 488-498页

作者： Edina Bugyik Vanessza Szabó Katalin dezső András rókusz Armanda Szücs Péter Nagy József Tóvári Viktória László Balázs döme Sándor Paku First department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer research Sem-melweis UniversityBudapestÜllőiút 261085Hungary department of Experimental Pharmacology National Institute of OncologyBudapest 1122Hungary department of Thoracic Surgery Semmelweis University-National Institute of OncologyBudapest 1122Hungary. department of Thoracic Surgery Medical University of ViennaWaehringer Guertel 18-201090 ViennaAustria department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy Medical University of Vienna1090 ViennaAustria National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology Budapest 1122Hungary. Tumor Progression research Group Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis UniversityBudapest 1085Hungary

Background:It remains unclear if the vascular and connective tissue structures of primary and metastatic tumors are intrinsically determined or whether these characteristics are defined by the host *** we examined the microanatomical steps of vasculature and connective tissue development of C38 colon carcinoma in different ***:Tumors produced in mice at five different locations(the cecal wall,skin,liver,lung,and brain)were ana-lyzed using fluorescent immunohistochemistry,electron microscopy and quantitative real-time polymerase chain ***:We found that in the cecal wall,skin,liver,and lung,resident fibroblasts differentiate into collagenous matrix-producing myofibroblasts at the tumor *** activated fibroblasts together with the produced matrix were incorporated by the *** connective tissue development culminated in the appearance of intratumoral tissue columns(centrally located single microvessels embedded in connective tissue and smooth muscle actin-expressing myofibroblasts surrounded by basement membrane).Conversely,in the brain(which lacks fibroblasts),C38 metasta-ses only induced the development of vascularized desmoplastic tissue columns when the growing tumor reached the fibroblast-containing ***:Our data suggest that the desmoplastic host tissue response is induced by tumor-derived fibrogenic molecules acting on host tissue *** concluded that not only the host tissue characteristics but also the tumor-derived fibrogenic signals determine the vascular and connective tissue structure of tumors.

关键词： Metastasis Vasculature Myofibroblasts Incorporation

Genotoxicity of Synthetic Food Colorants

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2011年第2期1卷 128-134页

作者： V. r. Swaroop d. dinesh roy T. Vii ayakumar School of Environmental Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam Kerala 686560 India

A study was conducted to evaluate the genotoxicity, if any, of the permitted synthetic food colorants used in India. Eight synthetic food colorants namely Erythrosine （E 127）, Tartrazine （E 102）, Ponceau 4r （E 124）, Sunset Yellow FCF （E 110）, Brilliant Blue FCF （E133）, Fast Green FCF （E143）, Carmoisine （E122） and Indigo Carmine （E132） and their combination are used in sweets namely Ladu, Jilebi and Halwa in Calicut and suburban areas of Kerala, in India. The genotoxicity of the colorants alone and in combinations at different concentrations were evaluated by Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus （CBMN） Assay. It was observed that all the above colorants and their combinations could cause genotoxicity to human lymphocytes even at the permissible concentration of 100 ppm as per PFA （Prevention of Food Adulteration） Act of India. The toxicity varied from dye to dye and was proportional to their concentration. Combination of colors showed more toxicity than the individual components. Toxicity could be reduced drastically by reducing the concentration of the dyes at least 50% below the permissible limit. Permitted synthetic food colorants even at the permissible limit should be used with caution. This study demonstrated the need for redefining the permissible limit of the food colorants based on Admissible daily Intake （AdI） as being practiced in developed countries.

关键词： Synthetic food colorants genotoxicity CBMN (Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus) Assay somatic dNA damage foodadulteration AdI (Admissible daily Intake).

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derechos:大范围对流诱发的风暴

气象科技 1989年第2期17卷 39-44页

作者： r.H.Johns W.d.Hirt 周景林

derecho是指一种大范围对流诱发的风暴,它被辨别出来并用流行术语定义。70个derecho个例组成的综合数据库由1980—1983年四年间5—8月暖季资料构成。资料分析表明暖季derecho比较典型地来源于某个中尺度对流系统(MCS)。这个中尺度对流... 详细信息

derecho是指一种大范围对流诱发的风暴,它被辨别出来并用流行术语定义。70个derecho个例组成的综合数据库由1980—1983年四年间5—8月暖季资料构成。资料分析表明暖季derecho比较典型地来源于某个中尺度对流系统(MCS)。这个中尺度对流系统沿着以高位势不稳定和相对强的中对流层风为特征的环境中的一个低层准静止热边界移动。在美国大陆,这些风暴经常出现在南达科他东部到上俄亥俄河谷地带,而且比较典型的是在下午和晚上出现。雷达和卫星云图的特殊特征与孕育derecho的中尺度系统有关。根据与derecho事件有关的气象参数和天气形势,已经研究出一个判断树帮助气象业务人员预测derecho的发展。

关键词：中尺度对流系统位势不稳定气象业务下击暴流 derechos 南达科他暖季龙卷天气尺度判断树

rEAL COdEd GENETIC ALGOrITHM FOr STOCHASTIC HYdrOTHErMAL GENErATION SCHEdULING

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2011年第1期20卷 87-109页

作者： Jarnail S.dHILLON J.S.dHILLON d.P.KOTHArI G.Z.S.College of Engineering and Technology Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Vindhya Institute of Technology and Science

The intent of this paper is to schedule short-term hydrothermal system probabilistically considering stochastic operating cost curves for thermal power generation units and uncertainties in load demand and reservoir water inflows. Therefore, the stochastic multi-objective hydrothermal generation scheduling problem is formulated with explicit recognition of uncertainties in the system production cost coefficients and system load, which are treated as random variable. Fuzzy methodology has been exploited for solving a decision making problem involving multiplicity of objectives and selection criterion for best compromised solution. A real-coded genetic algorithm with arithmetic-average-bound-blend crossover and wavelet mutation operator is applied to solve short-term variable-head hydrothermal scheduling problem. Initial feasible solution has been obtained by implementing the random heuristic search. The search is performed within the operating generation limits. Equality constraints that satisfy the demand during each time interval are considered by introducing a slack thermal generating unit for each time interval. Whereas the equality constraint which satisfies the consumption of available water to its full extent for the whole scheduling period is considered by introducing slack hydro generating unit for a particular time interval. Operating limit violation by slack hydro and slack thermal generating unit is taken care using exterior penalty method. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated on two sample systems.

关键词： Stochastic multi-objective optimization real-coded genetic algorithm fuzzy set economicload dispatch

Processing-Microstructure relationships in the Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Coating of a Magnesium Alloy

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2014年第3期5卷 124-139页

作者： r. O. Hussein d. O. Northwood X. Nie department of Mechanical Automotive and Materials Engineering University of Windsor Windsor Canada

In the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coating of light metal alloys, changing the electrical parameters and electrolytic composition can change the discharge behaviour and, ultimately, the thickness, surface morphology and porosity of the coating. In the present study a combination of cathodic and anodic current pulses with suitable Ton and Toff periods were used to control the porosity and other structural defects of PEO coatings of an AM60B magnesium alloy. In order to investigate the effect of a current mode on the plasma discharge behaviour and coating microstructure during the PEO treatment of magnesium alloy, the emission intensities of six different spectral lines from the plasma species were recorded simultaneously as a function of both time and current mode using optical emission spectroscopy (OES) system. The fluctuations in signal intensities and temperature during the coating process reflect differences in location of both the discharge initiation, and discharge type. The coating surface morphology and microstructure that are obtained can be linked to the plasma discharge behavior. These results are discussed in relation to the discharge behaviour, and how such changes in discharge behaviour relate to the coating mechanisms.

关键词： Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Microstructure Mg-Alloy Process Parameters Current Mode

VITAMIN C AT 118°K:EXPErIMENTAL ANd THEOrETICAL STUdY OF THE CHArGE dENSITY

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VITAMIN C AT 118°K:EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL STUDY OF TH...

Multi-visceral resection of locally advanced extra-pancreatic carcinoma

Sixteenth Congress of the International Union of Crystallography

作者： r.Bianchi P.Ugliengo d.Viterbo Centro di Studio per le relazioni tra Struttura e reattivita Chimica CNRVia C.Golgi 1920133 MilanoItaly dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei MaterialiVia P.Giura 710125 TorinoItaly

＜正＞Vitamin C is an extremely interesting molecule, not only for its important biological properties,but also for its structure in which the formation of several hydrogen bonds plays an important *** crystal structure was determined at room temperature,both by X-ray and by neutron diffraction,by Hvolslef[Acta Cryst.,B24,23 and 1431 （1968）].We have now collected low tempera-

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic diseases International 2014年第2期13卷 198-202页

作者： darren r Cullinan Stephen W Behrman department of Surgery University of Tennessee Health Science Center

BACKGrOUNd: Multi-visceral resection for extra-pancreatic carcinoma is an uncommon procedure that may offer palliation and potential cure but must be balanced against the risk for morbidity and mortality. METHOdS: A retrospective analysis was made of patients who had undergone multi-visceral resection of non-pancreatic carcinoma. Factors influencing this procedure included histology,pathologic confirmation of pancreaticoduodenal invasion, tumor clearance, peri-operative morbidity and ***: Sixteen patients had en bloc resection including a Whipple procedure (6 patients) and a distal resection (10).Primary pathology mostly originated from the stomach and adenocarcinoma was predominately histological. An r0 resection was made in 13 patients, and actual cancer invasion or abutment into the pancreas or duodenum was confirmed pathologically in 11 patients. Twelve patients suffered from at least one complication. Ten patients required therapeutic intervention for complications. There were 2 in-hospital *** median survival of deceased patients was 7.5 months. Six patients are alive at a median of 21 months, and 4 patients have no evidence of disease to the present. CONCLUSIONS: Multi-visceral resections for extra-pancreatic carcinoma are associated with substantial morbidity that requires therapeutic intervention. Clinical determination of pancreaticoduodenal abutment and achievement of tumor clearance is excellent. Survival with and without recurrent disease is often limited, supporting that it is necessary to cautiously perform the aggressive procedures in consideration of neoadjuvant therapy.

关键词： pancreas surgery cancer multi-visceral

Liming Characteristics of a High-Calcium dry Flue Gas desulfurization By-Product and a Class-C Fly Ash

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第11期7卷 1592-1604页

作者： Jason r. Burgess-Conforti david M. Miller Kristofor r. Brye Lisa S. Wood Erik d. Pollock department of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA Stable Isotope Laboratory University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA

due to coal’s availability and low cost, coal combustion continues to be the United States’ primary energy source. However, coal combustion produces large quantities of waste material. Some coal combustion by-products (CCBs) have chemical and physical characteristics that make them potentially useful as soil amendments. The objectives of this study were to characterize a relatively new, high-calcium dry flue gas desulfurization (dFGd) by-product and compare its agronomic liming potential to a Class-C fly ash (FA) and reagent-grade calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Calcium car-bonate equivalence (CCE), degree of fineness (dOF), and effective neutralizing value (ENV) for each CCB were determined using standard methods. The CCBs and CaCO3 were also incubated with an acidic (~4.5) clay sub-soil at application rates equiva-lent to 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 times the soil’s lime requirement and compared to an una-mended control. Soil pH was then measured periodically during a 40-day incubation. The ENV of 79.4% for the dFGd by-product and 57.3% for the FA were comparable to those of commercially available liming materials, but were significantly lower (P reagent-grade CaCO3. After 40 days of incubation at the 0.5× ap-plication rate, both CCBs raised the pH of the clay soil to only 5.0, while the CaCO3 raised the pH to 6.5. After 40 days at the 1× rate, all three materials had raised the soil pH to between 6.5 and 7.0, although the FA increased the soil pH more slowly than did the other two materials. At the 2× rate, both CCBs increased the soil pH to between 7.5 and 8.0, while the CaCO3 increased the soil pH to only 7.0. Both CCBs appear to be useful as soil liming materials, although care should be taken to avoid over-application, as this may make the soil too alkaline for optimum plant growth.

关键词： Coal Combustion By-Products Agricultural Lime Fly Ash Flue Gas desulfurization