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Connecting cellular mechanisms and extracellular vesicle cargo in traumatic brain injury

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2119-2131页

作者： nikita Ollen-Bittle Austyn d.Roseborough Wenxuan Wang Jeng-liang d.Wu Shawn n.Whitehead department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Western UniversityLondonONCanada Schulich School of Medicine and dentistry Western UniversityLondonONCanada deparment of Clinical neurological Sciences Western UniversityLondonONCanada

Traumatic brain injury is followed by a cascade of dynamic and complex events occurring at the cellular level. These events include: diffuse axonal injury, neuronal cell death, blood-brain barrier break down, glial activation and neuroinflammation, edema, ischemia, vascular injury, energy failure, and peripheral immune cell infiltration. The timing of these events post injury has been linked to injury severity and functional outcome. Extracellular vesicles are membrane bound secretory vesicles that contain markers and cargo pertaining to their cell of origin and can cross the blood-brain barrier. These qualities make extracellular vesicles intriguing candidates for a liquid biopsy into the pathophysiologic changes occurring at the cellular level post traumatic brain injury. Herein, we review the most commonly reported cargo changes in extracellular vesicles from clinical traumatic brain injury samples. We then use knowledge from animal and in vitro models to help infer what these changes may indicate regrading cellular responses post traumatic brain injury. Future research should prioritize labeling extracellular vesicles with markers for distinct cell types across a range of timepoints post traumatic brain injury.

关键词： axonal injury biomarkers blood-brain barrier chronic traumatic encephalopathy extracellular vesicles glial activation neuroinflammation traumatic brain injury

Mucopolysaccharidosis typeⅢB:a current review and exploration of the AAV therapy landscape

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 355-359页

作者： Courtney J.Rouse Victoria n.Jensen Coy d.Heldermon Lacerta Therapeutics AlachuaFLUSA University of Florida College of Medicine GainesvilleFLUSA

Mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the gene that encodes for *** results in the aggregation of heparan sulfate polysaccharides within cell lysosomes that leads to progressive and severe debilitating neurological *** treatment options are expensive,limited,and presently there are no approved cures for mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢ***-associated virus gene therapy has significantly advanced the field forward,allowing researchers to successfully design,enhance,and improve potential *** group recently published an effective treatment using a codon-optimized triple mutant adeno-associated virus 8 vector that restores n-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase levels,auditory function,and lifespan in the murine model for mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB to that seen in healthy ***,we review the current state of the field in relation to the capsid landscape,adeno-associated virus gene therapy and its successes and challenges in the clinic,and how novel adenoassociated virus capsid designs have evolved research in the mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB field.

关键词： adeno-associated virus central nervous system gene therapy heparan sulfate immune response mucopolysaccharidoses type IIIB n-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase newborn screening

Polio eradication surveillance in Sri Lanka,2019-2023

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第6期17卷 268-272页

作者： M.A.Y.Fernando n.S.Madarasinghe C.Rangana n.Weerasinghe d.C.U.d.Weligamage J.I.Abeynayake department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka department of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka Medical Research Institute Colombo 08Sri Lanka

Objective:To evaluate the polio laboratory surveillance carried out from January,2019 to May,2023 by the Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri ***:This retrospective study analyzed all stool samples received under the acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)and immunodeficient vaccine-derived poliovirus(VdPV)surveillance at Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka from January,2019 to May,*** results of the testing methodologies were extracted from the laboratory data system,i.e.,poliovirus virus isolation,intra-typic differentiation/VdPV real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(ITd/VdPV rRTPCR)and sequencing,along with the data on timing of reporting results,stool adequacy and *** was analyzed using descriptive ***:A total of 2141 stool samples from 1644 cases were received for AFP surveillance from Sri Lanka(93.61%),Maldives(1.52%),and immunodeficient VdPV(4.86%)*** polioviruses(19/1644,1.15%)and non-polio enteroviruses(73/1644,4.44%)were isolated,while Sabin-like 3 virus was detected in majority(12/19,63.15%)among the poliovirus *** polioviruses or circulating VdPVs were not detected among the *** all years of the study,the non-polio AFP detection rate was>1/100000 in children aged less than 15 years,whereas stool adequacy rate was>80%.All results were reported within 14 days of receipt,ensuring timely reporting as per global ***:The Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka plays a vital role in maintaining the polio-free status in the country through its robust laboratory surveillance,while adhering to the surveillance ***-detection of wild polioviruses and circulating VdPV during the study period reinforces the polio-free status in the country.

关键词： Poliovirus Polio laboratory surveillance Regional reference laboratory Polio eradication

Solar-assisted photocatalytic water splitting using defective UiO-66 solids from modulated synthesis

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nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4134-4150页

作者： Celia M.Rueda-navarro María Cabrero-Antonino Paula Escamilla Valentín díez-Cabanes dong Fan Pedro Atienzar Belén Ferrer Ignacio Vayá Guillaume Maurin Herme G.Baldoví Sergio navalón departamento de Química Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaCamino de Vera s/nValencia 46022Spain Instituto de Ciencia Molecular(ICMOL) Universitat de ValènciaPaterna 46980Spain ICGM Univ.MontpellierCNRSENSCMMontpellier34095France Instituto de Tecnología Química(UPV-CSIC) Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaAvenida de los Naranjos s/nValencia 46022Spain

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are attracting increasing interests as photocatalysts for solar-driven hydrogen production from *** paper reports on a comparative study of using either acetic acid(AA)or trifluoroacetic acid(TFA)as the representative UiO-66 organic modulators for synthesizing visible light responsive UiO-66(Zr)-X(X:nH_(2) or nO_(2))photocatalysts for water *** results show that photocatalytic hydrogen generation from a water/methanol mixture can be improved by varying the nature and amount of the modulator employed to prepare the different UiO-66(Zr)-X(X:nH_(2) or nO_(2))solid ***-66(Zr)-nH_(2) was the most active photocatalyst,followed by UiO-66(Zr)-nO_(2),both prepared with 12 equivalents of AA with respect to the organic *** UiO-66(Zr)-nH_(2) solid was more active than the parent MOF in photocatalytic overall water splitting(OWS)(H_(2) and O_(2) production of 450 and 160μmol·g^(-1),respectively,in 5 h;apparent quantum yield(AQY)at 400 nm of 0.06%)in the absence of methanol and compares favourably with analogous *** on the photocatalytic activity of the most active solids of both series was obtained by means of a series of techniques,including ultraviolet-visible(UV-vis)diffuse reflectance,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),laser flash photolysis(LFP),electron spin resonance(ESR),photoluminescence and photoelectrochemical measurements together with density functional theory(dFT)*** results showed that organic acid modulators can be used to enhance the photocatalytic activity of missing linker UiO-66 defective materials in solar-powered water splitting.

关键词： heterogeneous photocatalysis metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) UiO-66 materials carboxylic acid modulators water splitting solar light

detailed seismic zoning of the East Kazakhstan region in the Republic of Kazakhstan

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第2期15卷 156-165页

作者： natalya V.Silacheva n.P.Stepanenko O.K.Kurilova A.d.Kudabayeva A.T.danabayeva Institute of Seismology Ministry of Emergency SituationsAlmaty 050060Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan is currently drafting new construction regulations that comply with the major provisions of the *** regulations are created on the basis of seismic zoning maps of various degrees of detail,developed by our Institute of Seismology using a new methodological approach for *** article is about creating the first normative map of the detailed Seismic Zoning on a probabilistic foundation for the Republic of Kazakhstan’s East Kazakhstan *** carried out the probabilistic assessment of seismic hazard using a methodology consistent with the main provisions of Eurocode 8and updated compared with that used in developing maps of Kazakhstan’s General Seismic Zoning and seismic microzoning of *** most thorough and current data accessible for the area under consideration were combined with contemporary analytical *** have been done to not only the databases being used but also the way seismic sources were shown,including active faults *** a scale of 1:1000000,precise seismic zoning maps of the East Kazakhstan region were created for two probabilities of exceedance:10%and 2%in 50 years in terms of peak ground accelerations and macroseismic *** obtained seismic hazard distribution is generally consistent with the General Seismic Zoning of Kazakhstan’s previous ***,because active faults were included and a thoroughly revised catalog was used,there are more pronounced zones of increased danger along the fault in the western part of the *** the west of the territory,acceleration values also increased due to a more accurate consideration of seismotectonic *** maps are the basis for developing new state building regulations of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

关键词： Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment detailed seismic zoning Peak ground acceleration Microseismical intensity

Pelvic fractures in blunt trauma patients:A comparative study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 418-434页

作者： Alexander A Fokin Joanna Wycech Knight Madison E Tharp Kyler C Brinton Phoebe K Gallagher justin Fengyuan Xie Russell d Weisz Ivan Puente Trauma and Critical Care Services Delray Medical CenterDelray BeachFL 33484United States Charles E Schmidt College of Medicine Department of SurgeryFlorida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Trauma and Critical Care Services Broward Health Medical CenterFort LauderdaleFL 33316United States Charles E Schmidt College of Medicine Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Department of SurgeryFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199United States

BACKGROUnd Pelvic fractures(PF)with concomitant injuries are on the rise due to an increase of high-energy *** of the elderly population with age related comorbidities further complicates the *** organ injuries are kindred with PF due to the proximity to pelvic *** of contrast blush(CB)on computed tomography in patients with PF is considered a sign of active bleeding,however,its clinical significance and association with outcomes is *** To analyze polytrauma patients with PF with a focus on the geriatric population,co-injuries and the value of contrast *** This retrospective cohort study included 558 patients with PF admitted to level 1 trauma center(01/2017-01/2023).Analyzed variables included:Age,sex,mechanism of injury(MOI),injury severity score(ISS),Glasgow coma scale(GCS),abbreviated injury scale(AIS),co-injuries,transfusion requirements,pelvic angiography,embolization,laparotomy,orthopedic pelvic surgery,intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay,discharge disposition and *** study compared geriatric and non-geriatric patients,patients with and without CB and abdominal *** score matching was implemented in comparison *** PF comprised 4%of all trauma admissions.89 patients had CB.286(52%)patients had concomitant injuries including 93(17%)patients with abdominal *** patients compared to non-geriatric had more falls as MOI,lower ISS and AIS pelvis,higher GCS,less abdominal co-injuries,similar CB and angio-embolization rates,less orthopedic pelvic surgeries,shorter lengths of stay and higher *** propensity matching,orthopedic pelvic surgery rates remained lower(8%vs 19%,Pngth of stay shorter,and mortality higher(13%vs 4%,Pn geriatric *** of 89 patients with CB,45(51%)were *** propensity matching,patients with CB compared to without CB had more pelvic angiography(71%vs 12%,P<0.001),hi

关键词： Pelvic fractures Geriatric trauma patients Abdominal co-injuries Contrast blush Contrast extravasation Angioembolization Polytrauma patients Surgical interventions Blunt trauma External and internal fixation for pelvic stabilization

A concise review on surface and structural modification of porous zeolite scaffold for enhanced hydrogen storage

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第6期70卷 33-53页

作者： B.A.Abdulkadir R.S.R.Mohd Zaki A.T.Abd Wahab S.n.Miskan Anh-Tam nguyen dai-Viet n.Vo H.d.Setiabudi Centre for Research in Advanced Fluid&Processes Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahLebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil YaakobGambangPahang 26300Malaysia Faculty of Chemical&Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahLebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil YaakobGambangPahang 26300Malaysia Center of Excellence for Green Energy and Environmental nanomaterials(CE@GrEEn) Nguyen Tat Thanh University300A Nguyen Tat ThanhDistrict 4Ho Chi Minh City 755414Viet Nam

Investigating zeolites as hydrogen storage scaffolds is imperative due to their porous nature and favorable physicochemical ***,the storage capacity of the unmodified zeolites has been rather unsatisfactory(0.224%-1.082%(mass))compared to its modified ***,the contemporary focus on enhancing hydrogen storage capacities has led to significant attention towards the utilization of modified zeolites,with studies exploring surface modifications through physical and chemical treatments,as well as the integration of various active *** enhanced hydrogen storage properties of zeolites are attributed to the presence of aluminosilicates from alkaline and alkaline-earth metals,resulting in increased storage capacity through interactions with the charge density of these ***,there is a great demand to critically review their role such as well-defined topology,pore structure,good thermal stability,and tunable hydrophilicity in enhanced hydrogen *** article aimed to critically review the recent research findings based on modified zeolite performance for enhanced hydrogen *** of the factors affecting the hydrogen storage capacities of zeolites that can affect the rate of reaction and the stability of the adsorbent,like pressure,structure,and morphology were studied,and ***,future perspectives,recommendations,and directions for modified zeolites were discussed.

关键词： Zeolites Hydrogen storage Surface modification Adsorption Active metal

Enhancement of coercivity,permeability,and dielectric properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites for memory and high frequency devices

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1128-1135,I0005页

作者： I.Sardar M.d.Hossain M.S.Sikder M.n.I.Khan M.R.Rahman Physics discipline Khulna UniversityKhulna9208Bangladesh department of Physics Khulna University of Engineering&TechnologyKhulna9203Bangladesh department ofComputer Science and Engineering Northern University of Business&Technology KhulnaKhulna9100Bangladesh Material Science division Atomic Energy CentreDhaka1000Bangladesh

Spinel cubic ferrites have huge applications in me mory and high frequency *** the improvement of these modern devices,the magnetic coercivity,permeability,and dielectric properties of a ferrite are the important *** article focuses on improving the magnetic coercivity,magnetic permeability,and dielectric properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites,where x=0.00,0.06,and *** X-ray diffraction(XRd),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),energy dispersive X-ray(EdX),vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM),and an impedance analyzer were used to characterize the structural,magnetic,and dielectric properties of the *** XRd patterns indicate the formation of spinel cubic structure of the samples with a secondary peak(EuFeO_(3))for Eu doped *** densities and porosities of the samples follow an inverse trend,where the doped samples’lattice parameters are increased with the increment of rare earth Eu *** FTIR analysis also proves the spinel cubic phase of the *** average grain size of the ferrites is obtained via FESEM images,and it is increased from 121 to 198 *** analysis confirms that doping of the Eu content also changes other hysteresis loop properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ***,the coercivity of the Eu doped samples is greater than that of the mother alloy(x=0.00).The EdX study shows that there is no impurity contamination in the *** permeability and dielectric measurements show an improved quality factor of the Eu-doped samples with low magnetic and dielectric *** dependent resistivity and impedance analysis also show the improved *** the observed properties of the samples,all the investigated ferrites might be strong candidates for potential applications in memory devices,magnetic sensors,and high frequency applications.

关键词： Ferrites Raree arths Coercivity Permeability EdX Resistivity

Systematic Analysis of Post-Translational Modifications for Increased Longevity of Biotherapeutic Proteins

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Computational Molecular Bioscience 2024年第3期14卷 125-145页

作者： justin Kim Karanveer Sadiora Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology Alexandria VA USA

Protein-based therapeutics (PPTs) are drugs used to treat a variety of different conditions in the human body by alleviating enzymatic deficiencies, augmenting other proteins and drugs, modulating signal pathways, and more. However, many PPTs struggle from a short half-life due to degradation caused by irreversible protein aggregation in the bloodstream. Currently, the most researched strategies for improving the efficiency and longevity of PPTs are post-translational modifications (PTMs). The goal of our research was to determine which type of PTM increases longevity the most for each of three commonly-used therapeutic proteins by comparing the docking scores (dS) and binding free energies (BFE) from protein aggregation and reception simulations. dS and BFE values were used to create a quantitative index that outputs a relative number from −1 to 1 to show reduced performance, no change, or increased performance. Results showed that methylation was the most beneficial for insulin (p nd human growth hormone (p nd both phosphorylation and methylation were somewhat optimal for erythropoietin (p nd p n consistently provided the worst benefits with the most negative indices, while methylation had the most positive indices throughout. However, PTM efficacy varied between PPTs, supporting previous studies regarding how each PTM can confer different benefits based on the unique structures of recipient proteins.

关键词： Post-Translational Modification Protein-Based Therapeutics Therapeutic Half-Life Protein Aggregation Protein Reception