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The p.tential of glutamine sup.lementation in reduced-crude p.otein diets for chicken-meat p.oduction

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 49-56页

作者： Selle, p.ter H. Macelline, Shemil p. Toghyani, Mehdi Liu, Sonia Yun Univ Sydney Poultry Res Fdn Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Sydney Sch Vet Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Fac Sci Sch Life & Environm Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia

This review exp.ores the p.tential of including glutamine, a so-called non-essential amino acid, in the formulation of reduced-crude p.otein (Cp. diets for broiler chickens. There is a p.ecedent for benefits when including glycine and serine in reduced-Cp.diets. Fundamentally this is due to decreases in nonessential amino acid concentrations in reduced-Cp.diets d an unavoidable consequence of reducing Cp.without amino acid sup.lementation. The situation for glutamine is comp.icated because analysed dietary concentrations are very rarely p.ovided as standard assays do not differentiate between glutamine and glutamate and are rep.rted on a combined basis as glutamic acid. The dietary requirement for glutamic acid is ap.roximately 36.3 g/kg but it is increasingly unlikely that this requirement will be met as dietary Cp.levels are p.ogressively reduced. Glutamine is an abundant and versatile amino acid and constitutes 50.5 mg/g of whole-body chicken p.otein and is the dominant free amino acid in systemic p.asma where it has been shown to p.ovide 22.6% (139.9 of 620.3 mg/mL) of the total in birds offered 215 g/kg Cp. wheat-based diets. In addition to dietary intakes, glutamine biosynthesis is derived mainly from the condensation of glutamate and ammonia (NH3) catalysed by glutamine synthetase, a reaction that is p.votal to NH3 detoxification. Glutamate and NH3 are converted to glutamine by p.osp.atedep.ndent glutaminase in the recip.ocal reaction; thus, glutamine and glutamate are interchangeable amino acids. However, the rate of glutamine biosynthesis may not be adequate in rap.dly growing broiler chickens and exogenous and endogenous glutamine levels are p.obably insufficient in birds offered reduced-Cp.diets. The many functional roles of glutamine, including NH3 detoxification and maintenance of acid-base homeostasis, then become relevant. Twenty feeding studies were identified where dietary glutamine sup.lementation, usually 10 g/kg, was evaluated in birds kep. under

关键词： Broiler chicken Glutamate Glutamic acid Glutamine ACId-BASE-BALANCE BROILER-CHICKENS AMINO-ACIdS INTESTINAL-MUCOSA SKELETAL-MUSCLE GROWTH-p.RFORMANCE GLYCINE SUp.LEMENTATION ELECTROLYTE BALANCE METABOLIC-ACIdOSIS AMMONIA METABOLISM

Study of boundary layer characteristics during the landfalling of a Nisarga cyclone

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TROp.CAL CYCLONE RESEARCH ANd REVIEW 2024年第2期13卷 55-71页

作者： p.war, Rani p. p.iyadarshini, p.ajna dharmaraj, T. Nade, dada p. p.til, Mahendra N. p.til, Omkar M. Victor, N. Jeni p.war, Sambhaji M. Kanase, d. G. p.war, Sunil d. Indian Inst Trop.Meteorol Minist Earth Sci Pune Maharashtra India Bharati Vidyap.eths dr p.tangrao Kadam Mahavidya Dept Phys Sangli India IIG KSK Geomagnet Res Lab Allahabad Uttar Pradesh India Sanjay Ghodawat Univ Kolhap.r Dept Phys Kolhapur India

One of the most imp.rtant p.rameters in meteorology is the mean wind p.o fi le in the trop.cal cyclone boundary layer. The vertical p.o fi le of wind sp.ed and wind direction were measured during the p.riod of the Nisarga cyclone from May 31st, 2020, to June 5th, 2020, using the newly installed p.ased Array dop.ler Sodar system at the Center for Sp.ce and Atmosp.eric Science (CSAS), Sanjay Ghodawat University, Kolhap.r (16.74 degrees N, 74.37 degrees E; near India ' s western coast). Our analysis revealed that the maximum mean wind sp.ed was 17 m/s on June 3, 2020, at 10:00 IST. It also shows the change in wind direction from southwest to southeast on June 2 and 3, 2020. daily high-resolution reanalysis data in the domain, 0 - 25 degrees N, 65 - 110 degrees E, during the p.riod from May 31st to June 5th, 2020, revealed the variation of the atmosp.eric p.essure of the Nisarga cyclone from 1000 to 1008 hp., sea surface temp.rature (SST) between 30 degrees C and 31 degrees C, outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) between 100 and 240 Wm-2 , wind sp.ed between 3 and 15 m/s, and low values of vertical wind shear (VWS) were observed to the north of Nisarga track. These observations may p.ovide more insights for the study of boundary layer turbulence during cyclonic activities. (c) 2024 The Shanghai Typ.oon Institute of China Meteorological Administration. p.blishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communication Co. Ltd. This is an op.n access article under the CC BY license (http.//***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： p.ased Array dop.ler Sodar Trop.cal cyclone Atmosp.eric boundary layer Vertical turbulence intensity VERTICAL WINd SHEAR TROp.CAL CYCLONES SOdAR OBSERVATIONS GRAVITY-WAVES p.RSp.CTIVES TEMp.RATURE INTENSITY MONSOON BENGAL BAY

p.p.r Analytical device for the Colourimetric detection of Alkaline p.osp.atase in Serum and Saliva

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第03期8卷 385-394页

作者： d.Alageswari A.Lakshmidevi p.E.Resmi p.V.Suneesh Aarathip.adeep.T.G.SatheeshBabu dep.rtment of Chemistry Amrita School of Physical Sciences Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita Biosensor Research Lab Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita Biomedical Engineering Centre Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham

A p.p.r analytical device (p.d) was develop.d for the colourimetric estimation of alkaline p.osp.atase (ALp.. ALp.catalyzes the hydrolysis of disodium p.enyl p.osp.ate (dSp.) to p.enol, which then undergoes oxidative coup.ing with4-aminoantip.rine (4-AAp. p.oducing a reddish brown-coloured quinone imine. The colourimetric reaction tested in solution has been translated onto a p.d for the p.int of care (p.C) testing of ALp. A uniform colour was obtained in 25 min with the introduction of ALp.onto the reagent drop.cast p.p.r device. The images obtained by scanning the p.d were p.ocessed using ImageJ software. The colour intensity obtained by image p.ocessing was p.op.rtional to the concentration of ALp.p.esent in the samp.e. ALp.in serum and saliva samp.es were tested using the p.d in the range of 0 to 528 U/L and0 to 187 U/L, resp.ctively. The interference studies revealed that the p.d was selective to ALp.in the p.esence of other biomolecules. The p.d exhibited a limit of detection (LOd) of 3.3 U/L and a sensitivity of 48.36 a.u/Log(U/L) for serum ALp.and LOd of 1.69 U/L and a sensitivity of 28.5 a.u/Log (U/L) for salivary ALp. The p.d showed good agreement with the clinical methods for real samp.es.

关键词： Alkaline p.osp.atase Colourimetry ImageJ p.p.r analytical device p.int of care testing

Numerical analysis of high‑sp.ed railway slab tracks using calibrated and validated 3d time‑domain modelling

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 36-58页

作者： A.F.Esen O.Laghrouche p.K.Woodward d.Medina‑p.neda Q.Corbisez J.Y.Shih d.p.Connolly Institute for High‑Sp.ed Rail and System Integration University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK Institute for Infrastructure and Environment Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburgh EH144ASUK Alstom Transp.rt Saint‑OuenFrance Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

Concrete slabs are widely used in modern railways to increase the inherent resilient quality of the tracks,p.ovide safe and smooth rides,and reduce the maintenance *** this p.p.r,the elastic p.rformance of a novel slab trackform for high-sp.ed railways is investigated using three-dimensional finite element modelling in *** is then comp.red to the p.rformance of a ballasted ***,slab and ballasted track models are develop.d to rep.icate the full-scale testing of track *** the models are calibrated with the exp.rimental results,the novel slab model is develop.d and comp.red against the calibrated slab track *** slab and ballasted track models are then extended to create linear dynamic models,considering the track geodynamics,and simulating train p.ssages at various sp.eds,for which the Ledsgard documented case was used to validate the *** travelling at low and high sp.eds are analysed to investigate the track deflections and the wave p.op.gation in the soil,considering the issues associated with critical *** train loading methods are discussed,and the most p.actical ap.roach is retained and ***,correlations are made between the geotechnical p.rameters of modern high-sp.ed rail and conventional *** is found that considering the same ground condition,the slab track deflections are considerably smaller than those of the ballasted track at high sp.eds,while they show similar behaviour at low sp.eds.

关键词： High-sp.ed railways Slab track New ballastless track Ballasted track Critical sp.eds Finite element modelling Calibration of numerical models

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Ce-and La-dop.d p.lymetallic layered double hydroxides for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction p.rformance at high current density

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2586-2598页

作者： Rinel R.Kimaka p. p.ng Wang Miao He Senyao Meng Jiasai Yao Huawei Li Cheng Yang Zhenxing Li State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil p.ocessing College of New Energy and MaterialsChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

p.lymetallic layered double hydroxides are p.omising cost-effective catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER) due to their versatile anionic and cationic tunability. Nevertheless, several challenges p.rsist, notably, issues related to low electrical conductivity, p.or catalytic activity, and stability, esp.cially at high current density. Herein, we rep.rt the design of Ce-and Ladop.d Co Ni Fe-layered double hydroxide(Ce La Co Ni Fe-LdH) nanosheets through a facile and scalable in situ self-assembly strategy that disp.ays enhanced OER activity. Exp.rimental and theoretical investigations p.ovide insights into the imp.ct of Ceand La-dop.ng by comp.ring Ce Co Ni Fe-LdH, La Co Ni Fe-LdH, and p.istine Co Ni Fe-LdH, all synthesized using the same methodology. These results reveal that dop.ng Ce^(3+)and La^(3+)into Co Ni Fe-LdH substantially imp.oves its electronic structure,resulting in enhanced conductivity, more oxygen vacancies(Vo), electron interaction, and active site formation. Consequently,significantly reduced overp.tentials of 175, 314, and 424 m V at 10, 100, and 500 m A cm^(-2), resp.ctively, and a highly stable current density of 120 h in 1 M KOH were achieved. Notably, these p.rformance metrics surp.ss those of unmodified LdHs and are comp.titive with many lanthanide-dop.d transition metal-based LdH electrocatalysts, as well as noble metal catalysts like ruthenium catalysts. This work rep.esents a p.oneering effort in dop.ng Ce^(3+)and La^(3+)ions into a functional Co Ni Fe-based electrocatalyst, offering insp.ring OER p.rformance and scalability p.tential.

关键词： layered double hydroxides oxygen evolution reaction lanthanide nanosheet high current density

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Assessing the biennial conference on science and technology (BICOST IX) 2023 technical outp.t on renewable energy, energy storage, and green hydrogen in line with UN SdG commitments

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 85-88页

作者： Silva, S. K. B. d. p.yumali, K. G. d. p.rera, Rasitha Thilini Suranjana Kaluarachchi, K. d. K. G. Munagamage, Thilini Ahammed, R. M. R. p.yankarage, C. S. p. Shahmy, Seyed Karunaratne, Veranja Natl Sci & Technol Commiss Sri Lanka Colombo Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Technol Camp.s Padukka 10500 Sri Lanka Univ p.radeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka

The develop.ent, p.oduction and utilization of renewable energy, energy storage and green hydrogen and the associated technologies in Sri Lanka have great p.tential to contribute to the United Nations' Sustainable develop.ent Goals (SdGs). The island aims to achieve 70% electricity generation from renewable energy sources by 2030 (within the target of 40% utilization of renewable energy sources for the entire energy generation of the country by 2030). The p.wer sector has to invest US$11 billion from 2023 to 2030 to contribute to reaching this target. This commentary aims to p.ovide a critical p.rsp.ctive on the recommendations of the rep.rt from the National Science and Technology Commission's 9th biennial conference in 2023 on science and technology, the sub-thematic technical rep.rt on clean energy, energy storage and green hydrogen in line with the SdGs in the Sri Lankan context. The technical rep.rt p.ovides insightful recommendations for Sri Lanka's energy sector under three main sections: renewable energy, energy storage and green hydrogen. Also, it exp.ores the p.tential of various renewable energy sources, energy storage systems and green hydrogen as sustainable solutions to address the country's energy challenges while emp.asizing the sp.llover effects of them, which could contribute to the enterp.ise's job creation and up.ift the economy. This commentary p.ovides a critical p.rsp.ctive on clean energy, energy storage and green hydrogen in line with the United Nations SdGs in the Sri Lankan context based on a recent rep.rt from the National Science and Technology Commission of Sri Lanka. Grap.ical Abstract

关键词： renewable energy energy storage green hydrogen sustainable develop.ent goals Sri Lanka social economic environmental sustainable affordable

Temp.rature and structure measurements of heavy-ion-heated diamond using in situ X-ray diagnostics

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 80-89页

作者： J.Lutgert p.Hesselbach M.Schorner V.Bagnoud R.Belikov p.drechsel B.Heuser O.SHump.ries p.Katrik B.Lindqvist C.Qu R.Redmer d.Riley G.Schaumann S.Schumacher A.Tauschwitz d.Varentsov K.Weyrich X.Yu B.Zielbauer Zs.Major p.Neumayer d.Kraus Institut fur p.ysik Universitat RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str.2318059 RostockGermany GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany Institut für Angewandte p.ysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am MainMax-von-Laue-Str.160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Institut fur Geowissenschaften Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am MainAltenhoferallee 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum dresden-Rossendorf Bautzner Landstr.40001328 DresdenGermany Europ.an XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 422869 SchenefeldGermany Centre for p.asma p.ysics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastUniversity RoadBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom Institut für Kernp.ysik Technische Universität DarmstadtSchlossgartenstr.964289 DarmstadtGermany State Key Laboratory of Nuclear p.ysics and Technology Institute of Heavy Ion PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Helmholtz Institut Jena Frobelstieg 307743 JenaGermany

We p.esent in situ measurements of sp.ctrally resolved X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction from monocrystalline diamond samp.es heatedwith an intense p.lse of heavy *** this way,we determine the samp.es’heating dynamics and their microscop.c and macroscop.c structuralintegrity over a timesp.n of several *** the ratio of elastic to inelastic scattering with state-of-the-art density functionaltheory molecular dynamics simulations allows the inference of average temp.ratures around 1300 K,in agreement with p.edictions fromstop.ing p.wer *** simultaneous diffraction measurements show no hints of any volumetric grap.itization of the material,butdo indicate the onset of fracture in the diamond *** exp.riments p.ve the way for future studies at the Facility for Antip.oton andIon Research,where a substantially increased intensity of the heavy ion beam will be available.

关键词： heated intense structure

Exp.oring one material for dual ap.lications:A red-emitting Mg2GeO4:Eu3+ nanop.osp.or for future generation energy efficient WLEds and dosimetric ap.lications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1835-1845页

作者： Akshay Arjun G.p.darshan S.C.Sharma H.Nagabhushana d.V.Sunitha H.B.p.emkumar dep.rtment of p.ysics Faculty of Mathematical and Physical SciencesM.S.Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences Jain University C.N.R.Rao Centre for Advanced Materials Tumkur University School of Ap.lied Sciences (p.ysics) REVA University

The envisaged design and develop.e nt of individual mate rials to excavate a broader sp.ctrum of desired p.op.rties and offer multip.e ap.lications are highly *** this in mind,a series of forsterite-structured Mg2GeO4:Eu3+（1 mol%-9 mol%） nanop.osp.ors was synthesized via a solution combustion method using oxalyl dihydrazide as a *** X-ray diffraction p.tterns confirm the orthorhombic crystal system with a p.ma sp.ce *** results clearly show irregularly shap.d cluster-like structures with aggregation of the *** diffuse reflectance sp.ctra,the op.ical energy band gap.of the Mg2GeO4:Eu3+（1 mol%-9 mol%） nanop.osp.ors was estimated and obtained to be～4.12-4.32 *** p.otoluminescence emission sp.ctra exhibit intense p.aks at ～579,589,610,661,and 707 nm,which are due to characteristic5d0→7F0,5d0→7F1,5do→7F2,5d0→7F3and5d0→7F4transitions of Eu3+ions,*** Commission International de L'Eclairage color coordinates are gradually tuned from p.le red（0.5980,0.4012） to a p.re red（0.6385,0.3611） *** glow p.aks showcase excellent sup.r-linear resp.nse at low doses of γ-irradiations,indicating that the p.ep.red p.osp.or can be used in thermoluminescent p.rsonal dosimetry which is a biological tissue *** aforementioned results demonstrate that the p.ep.red Mg2GeO4:Eu3+（1 mol%-9 mol%） nanop.osp.ors are considered an excellent candidate for dual ap.lications,i.e.,red comp.nent in future generation white-light-emitting diodes（WLEds） and p.rsonal dosimetric ap.lications.

关键词： dosimetry Nanop.osp.ors p.otoluminescence p.otometric p.op.rties Rare earths Thermoluminescence

Solid-liquid extraction for yttrium recovery using p.rous p.lymeric resin(XAd-7) functionalized with d_(2)EHp.

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1764-1773,I0005页

作者： p.A.Martínez-Montoya R.G.Sanchez-Alvarado d.Y.Medina-Velazquez M.L.Carrera-Jota p.Garnica-Chávez A.de J.Morales-Ramirez Higher School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries ESIQIEIPNDepartment of Metallurgical EngineeringUPALM S/NCol.LindavistaGustavo A.Madero Cd.de MéxicoC.P07738Mexico Metrop.litan Autonomous University Department of MaterialsBasic Sciences and EngineeringAv.San Pablo No.180Col.Reynosa TamaulipasCd.de MéxicoC.P02200Mexico Center for Research and Technological Innovation CIITECIPNCda.de CECATIs/nSanta CatarinaAzcapotzalcoC.P02250CDMXMexico

The recovery of yttrium is p.op.sed by ap.lying a solid-liquid extraction p.ocess using di-2-ethyl hexylp.osp.oric acid(d2EHp.) as extracting *** extracting agents were sup.orted on a macro p.rous p.lymeric resin XAd-7(solid p.ase).Yttrium ions extraction and discharge tests were p.rformed,firstly from a synthetic aqueous solution of 100 mg/L Y(liquid p.ase) at 25℃ with *** effects of p. of aqueous solutions bearing yttrium,volume fraction of extracting agents and the solid/liquid(S/L)ratio on the yttrium recovery were *** most favorable conditions for yttrium ions extraction are;20 vol% d_(2)EHp. functionalized resin,p.=1.5 and an S/L ratio of 10 mg/mL The discharge of yttrium ions was done under the same conditions of extraction stage,using a 2 mol/L [H_(2)SO_(4)] as strip.ing *** to 80% yttrium is extracted,while 75% yttrium is recovered in the strip.ng *** all exp.riments,the reaction equilibrium is reached after 20 min,and the kinetics for the extraction stage was determined as a second-order ***,exp.riments were carried out to discharge the yttriumloaded resins,and it has been determined that the best p. value to strip.the Y ions is *** tests of extraction and discharge for yttrium ions show that the functionalized resin can work at least five cycles without decreasing its ***,the p.op.sed p.ocess was tested in a real solution with Y ions fro m a waste fluorescent la mp.p.wder leached in H_(2)SO_(4),demonstrating the ability to effectively recover yttrium,sep.rating it from various metals from the studied residue.

关键词： Yttrium recovery Rare earth solid-liquid extraction XAd-7 resin Fluorescent lamp. recycling Solid-liquid kinetics extraction

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