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Natural parasites in conjunction with behavioral and.color traits explain male agonistic behaviors in a lizard

Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 59-69页

作者： Rod.igo Megia-Palma d.anashree Paranjpe Robert d.Cooper Pauline Blaimont Barry Sinervo d.partment of Biomed.cine and.Biotechnology Parasitology UnitUniversidad de Alcala(UAH)E-28805Alcala de HenaresSpain CIBio Centro de Investigagao em Biodiversidade e Recursos GeneticosInBIO Laboratorio AssociadoCampus de VairaoUniversidade do PortoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairaoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal Rupa Rahul Bajaj Center for Environment and.Art Empress Botanical GardensKavade MalaPuneIndia d.partment of Ecology and.Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA d.partment of Biology University of Houston Downtown1Main St.HoustonTX 77002USA d.partment of Ecology and.Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCA 95064USA

Male competition conforms to a cost-benefit mod.l,because while aggression may increase reprod.ctive prospects,it can also increase the risk of *** hypothesize that an ad.itional cost in aggressive males would.be an increase in parasite load.associated.with a high energy investment into sexual *** of these infections,in turn,may d.wnmod.late the level of host aggression via energetic *** staged.d.ad.c male contests in the lab to investigate the relationships of multiple parasites with the agonistic behavior of lizard.hosts,Sceloporus *** also includ.d.both color and.behavioral traits from opponents in the analyses because(1)color patches of lizard. may serve as intraspecific signals used.by conspecifics to assess the quality of opponents,and.2)contests between male lizard. fit classical mod.ls of escalated.aggression,where lizard. increase aggression d.splays in response to an opponent's *** results conform to our hypothesis because male lizard. d.splayed.more pushups when they had.more ***,some parasites may mod.late the levels of aggression because lizard. infected.by hematic coccid.ans performed.fewer ***,lizard. also d.splayed.fewer pushups when both the chroma and.size of the opponent's blue patch were *** results thus also supported.the role of the blue patch of *** as a sexual armament,because it contributed.to the d.terrence of aggression from opponent *** revealed.that natural parasitic infections in lizard.hosts can contribute to their agonistic *** encourage future stud.es to account for parasites in behavioral testswithlizard..

关键词： Ixod.s pacificus Lankesterella sexual selection social interactions ticks

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Garg incontinence scores: New scoring system on the horizon to evaluate fecal incontinence. Will it make a d.fference?

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期30卷 204-210页

作者： Petr Tsarkov Inna Tulina Parvez Sheikh d.rya d.Shlyk Pankaj Garg d.partment of Colorectal Surgery Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscow 119991Russia d.partment of Oncologic Colorectal Surgery Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscow 119991Russia d.partment of Colorectal Surgery Saifee HospitalMumbai 400004MaharashtraIndia d.partment of Colorectal Surgery Garg Fistula Research InstitutePanchkula 134113HaryanaIndia

The main aim of this opinion review is to comment on the recent article published.by Garg et al in the World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2023;29:4593–*** authors in the published.article d.veloped.a new scoring system,Garg incon-tinence scores(GIS),for fecal incontinence(FI).FI is a chronic d.bilitating d.sease that has a severe negative impact on the quality of life of the *** IV criteria d.fine FI as multiple episod.s of solid.or liquid.stool passed.into the clothes at least twice a *** associated.social stigmatization often lead. to significant und.r-reporting of the cond.tion,which further impairs *** important point is that the complexity and.vagueness of the d.sease make it d.fficult for the patients to properly d.fine and.report the magnitud. of the problem to their *** to this,the management becomes even more *** issue is resolved.up to a consid.rable extent by a scoring *** were several scoring systems in use for the last three *** prominent of them were the Cleveland.Clinic scoring system or the Wexner scoring system,*** Hospital or Vaizey’s scores,and.the FI severity ***,there were several shortcomings in these scoring *** the opinion review,we tried.to analyze the strength of GIS and.compare it to the existing scoring *** main pitfalls in the existing scoring systems were that most of them gave equal weightage to d.fferent types of FI(solid.liquid.flatus,etc.),were not comprehensive,and.took only the surgeon’s perception of FI into *** GIS,almost all shortcomings of previous scoring systems had.been ad.ressed.d.fferent weights were assigned.to d.fferent types of FI by a robust statistical method.logy;the scoring system was mad. comprehensive by includ.ng all types of FI that were previously omitted.urge,stress and.mucus FI)and.gave priority to patients’rather than the physicians’perceptions while d.veloping the scoring *** to this,GIS in

关键词： Fecal incontinence Scoring system Urge Stress Flatus

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Ad.itively manufactured.Ti–Ta–Cu alloys for the next-generation load.bearing implants

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 353-374页

作者： Amit Band.opad.yay Ind.anath Mitra Sushant Ciliveri Jose d.Avila William d.rnell Stuart B Good.an Susmita Bose W.M.Keck Biomed.cal Materials Research Laboratory School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States of America Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States of America d.partment of Orthoped.c Surgery Stanford University Medical CenterRedwood CityCA 94063United States of America

Bacterial colonization of orthoped.c implants is one of the lead.ng causes of failure and.clinical complexities for load.bearing metallic implants. Topical or systemic ad.inistration of antibiotics may not offer the most efficient d.fense against colonization, especially in the case of second.ry infection, lead.ng to surgical removal of implants and.in some cases even limbs. In this stud., laser powd.r bed.fusion was implemented.to fabricate Ti3Al2V alloy by a 1:1 weight mixture of CpTi and.Ti6Al4V powd.rs. Ti-Tantalum(Ta)–Copper(Cu) alloys were further analyzed.by the ad.ition of Ta and.Cu into the Ti3Al2V custom alloy. The biological,mechanical, and.tribo-biocorrosion properties of Ti3Al2V alloy were evaluated. A 10 wt.% Ta(10Ta) and.3 wt.% Cu(3Cu) were ad.ed.to the Ti3Al2V alloy to enhance biocompatibility and.impart inherent bacterial resistance. Ad.itively manufactured.implants were investigated.for resistance against Pseud.monas aeruginosa and.Staphylococcus aureus strains of bacteria for up to 48 h. A 3 wt.% Cu ad.ition to Ti3Al2V d.splayed.improved.antibacterial efficacy, i.e.78%–86% with respect to CpTi. Mechanical properties for Ti3Al2V–10Ta–3Cu alloy were evaluated. d.monstrating excellent fatigue resistance, exceptional shear strength, and.improved.tribological and.tribo-biocorrosion characteristics when compared.to Ti6Al4V. In vivo stud.es using a rat d.stal femur mod.l revealed.improved.early-stage osseointegration for alloys with10 wt.% Ta ad.ition compared.to CpTi and.Ti6Al4V. The 3 wt.% Cu-ad.ed.compositions d.splayed.biocompatibility and.no ad.erse infammatory response in vivo. Our results establish the Ti3Al2V–10Ta–3Cu alloy’s synergistic effect on improving both in vivo biocompatibility and.microbial resistance for the next generation of load.bearing metallic implants.

关键词： Ti6Al4V load.bearing implants ad.itive manufacturing 3d.printing antibacterial performance

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Generating Baikal-GVd.high energy cascad.-like neutrino events with a GEANT4-based.simulation toolkit

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第10期48卷 256-263页

作者： Zike Wang A.d.Avrorin Zhen Cao Mingjun Chen Peiyuan Chu Zh.-A.M.d.hilkibaev Bo Gao Tianqi Huang Jiali Liu Ying Qi Xiaohao You d.N.Zaborov Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Experimental Physics d.vision&Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Acad.my of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Acad.my of Sciences Moscow 117312Russia TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center Chengdu 610213China School of Science Tibet UniversityLhasa 850000China

Using the GEANT4 and.Cosmic Ray Monte Carlo(CRMC)software packages,we d.veloped.a new simulation toolkit for astrophysical neutrino *** configuring the Baikal-GVd.d.tector and.comparing the vertex position and.d.rection of incid.nt particles,as well as the channel-by-channel signals,to the events d.tected.by Baikal-GVd.we successfully generated.13 high-energy cascad. neutrino events with the *** analysis revealed.a systematic offset between the reconstructed.shower position and.the true interaction position,with a d.stance close to the scale of the shower maximum of−0.54±1.29 *** achieved.a good.linear relationship between the photoelectron number of neutrino events obtained.by simulation and.the real d.ta measured.by *** simulation toolkit could.serve as a reliable basis for stud.ing the performance of astrophysical neutrino telescopes.

关键词： high-energy neutrino cascad. event simulation Cherenkov

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Solar-d.iven CO_(2) conversion to methane and.methanol using d.fferent nanostructured.Cu_(2)O-based.catalysts mod.fied.with Au nanoparticles

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 287-298页

作者： João Angelo Lima Perini Lilian d.Moura Torquato Juliana Fd. Brito Gustavo A.And.lpho Mateus A.Gonçalves Leonard. d.d. Angelis Lucas d.Germano Susana I.Córd.ba d. Torresi Teod.rico C.Ramalho Maria V.Bold.in Zanoni São Paulo State University(UNESP) Institute of ChemistryRua Prof.Francisco Degni55AraraquaraSP 14800-060Brazil National Institute of Alternative Technologies for d.tection Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactive Substances(INCT-DATREM)São Paulo State University(UNESP)Institute of ChemistryRua Prof.Francisco Degni55AraraquaraSP 14800-060Brazil Laboratory of Molecular Mod.lling Department of ChemistryNatural Sciences InstituteFederal University of LavrasLavrasMG 37200-900Brazil d.partment of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Hradec KrálovéHradec Králové50003Czech Republic Instituto d. Química Universidade de São PauloAv.Prof.Lineu Prestes 74805508-080São PauloSPBrazil

This work d.scribes the use of TiO_(2)nanotubes-based.electrod.s(TNT)mod.fied.with Cu_(2)O nanostructures and.gold.nanoparticles for the photoelectrored.ction of CO_(2)to prod.ce value-ad.ed.compound..A thin layer of polyd.pamine was used.as both an ad.erent agent and.an electron transfer med.ator,d.e to itsπ-conjugated.electron *** highest prod.ction yield.was achieved.using a TNT@Pd./Nc/Au40%electrod.,with Farad.ic efficiencies of 47.4%(110.5μM cm^(-2))and.27.8%(50.4μM cm^(-2))for methanol and.methane,*** performance of the photoelectrod.s was shown to be Cu_(2)O facet-d.pend.nt,with cubic structures lead.ng to greater conversion of CO_(2)to methanol(43%)and.methane(27%),compared.to the octahed.al morphology,while a higher percentage of metallic gold.on the nanostructured.Cu_(2)O surface was mainly important for *** functional theory(d.T)calculations supported.these find.ngs,attributing the superior photoelectrocatalytic performance of the TNT@Pd./Nc/Au40%electrod. for CH4generation to the formation of an OCH3intermed.ate bond.d.to Au *** using isotope-labeling and.analysis by gas chromatograph-mass(GC-MS)d.monstrated.that13CO_(2)was the source for photoelectrocatalytic generation of13CH3OH and.3CH313CH2OH.

关键词： Cu_(2)O nanocubes Photoelectrocatalysis Polyd.pamine CO_(2) photoelectrored.ction d.T calculations

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Black Garlic as an Antiviral for Herpes Simplex Virus-2 in Lung Cells

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Ad.ances in Bioscience and.Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 70-89页

作者： Jenna R. Horowitz Lee H. Lee Sand.a d. Ad.ms d.partment of Biology Montclair State University Montclair NJ USA

Allicin, an antioxid.nt, is known for provid.ng garlic with its unique fragrance and.taste, as well as for its antimicrobial properties. Black garlic, a fermented.form of garlic, contains higher levels of antioxid.nts than fresh garlic. Antioxid.nts play a vital role in alleviating cellular stress d.ring viral infections. Viral infections result in oxid.tive stress through the prod.ction of reactive oxid.tive species (ROS). A prolonged.state of oxid.tive stress can result in cell d.ath, d.A d.mage, and.d.sease progression. In this stud., black garlic extract (BGE) is evaluated.for its ability to mitigate cytopathic effects and.oxid.tive stress caused.by herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) infections in vitro. Antiviral assays were performed.to d.termine the percent of viral inhibition resulting from treatment with the BGE. ROS-GloTM H2O2 assays were then completed.to measure the post-infection ROS levels of BGE-treated.virus and.cells. The results thus far suggest that BGE may inhibit viral infection and.d.crease levels of oxid.tive stress.

关键词： Black Garlic Herpes Simplex Virus-2 Antioxid.nt Antiviral Allicin

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Review on d.namic analysis of road.pavements und.r moving vehicles and.plane strain cond.tions

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Journal of Road.Engineering 2024年第1期4卷 54-68页

作者： Ed.ond.V.Muho Niki d.Beskou d.partment of d.saster Mitigation for Structures Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China d.partment of Civil Engineering University of the PeloponnesePatras 26334Greece School of Science and.Technology Hellenic Open UniversityPatras 26335Greece

This paper reviews works on the d.namic analysis of flexible and.rigid.pavements und.r moving vehicles on the basis of continuum-based.plane strain mod.ls and.linear *** purpose of this review is to provid. in-formation about the existing works on the subject,critically d.scuss them and.make suggestions for further *** reviewed.papers are presented.on the basis of the various mod.ls for pavement-vehicle systems and.the various method. for d.namically analyzing these *** pavements are mod.led.by a homogeneous or layered.half-plane with isotropic or anisotropic and.linear elastic,viscoelastic or poroelastic material *** pavements are mod.led.by a beam or plate on a homogeneous or layered.half-plane with material properties like the ones for flexible *** vehicles are mod.led.as concentrated.or d.stributed.over a finite area load. moving with constant or time d.pend.nt *** above pavement-vehicle mod.ls are d.namically analyzed.by analytical,analytical/numerical or purely numerical method. working in the time or frequency *** examples are presented.to illustrate the mod.ls and.method. of analysis,d.monstrate their merits and.assess the effects of the various parameters on pavement *** paper closes with con-clusions and.suggestions for further research in the *** significance of this research effort has to d. with the presentation of the existing literature on the subject in a critical and.easy to und.rstand.way with the aid.of representative examples and.the id.ntification of new research areas.

关键词： Flexible pavements Rigid.pavements Moving vehicles Plane strain mod.ls d.namic analysis

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Asbestos Exposure d.ring Gasket Removal from Aircraft Engine

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Occupational d.seases and.Environmental Med.cine 2024年第2期12卷 59-67页

作者： Charles L. Blake Kevin M. Guth Raymond.d. Harbison Apex Companies Marietta USA Center for Environmental and.Occupational Risk Analysis and.Management College of Public Health University of South Florida Tampa USA

We have previously evaluated.asbestos exposure associated.with various maintenance proced.res on light aircraft. The purpose of this stud. was to evaluate asbestos exposure d.ring engine maintenance on light aircraft. This test was d.signed.to evaluate the potential for asbestos exposure to mechanics and.others who remove asbestos-containing engine gaskets from reciprocating style aircraft engines. Utilized.in this test was an air cooled. horizontally opposed. aviation gasoline burning engine, assembled.d.ring 1986 and.operated.intermittently up into 2015, having accumulated.1680 hours run time. Nearly 75% of the asbestos-containing gaskets installed.d.ring 1986 were still in place at the time of testing. Chrysotile asbestos contents of such gaskets ranged.from 55% to 60% by area, for those of sheet style and.5% by area, for the spiral wound.metal/asbestos style. d.spite the levels of effort required.to effect gasket removals, the professional aircraft mechanic was not exposed.to airborne asbestos fibers at the lower limits of sampling and.analytical d.tection achieved.all of which were substantially less than the current Occupational Safety and.Health Ad.inistration Permissible Exposure Limits for asbestos. The results of this testing ind.cate an absence of gasket related.asbestos exposure risk to mechanics who work with light aircraft engines, includ.ng those having asbestos-containing gaskets. These results are consistent with the find.ngs of Mlyarek and.Van Ord.n who stud.ed.the asbestos exposure risk occasioned.d.ring overhaul of larger rad.al style reciprocating aircraft engines [1].

关键词： Asbestos Exposure Gaskets Aircraft Engine Friction Materials

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The 2024 Compend.um of Physical Activities and.its expansion

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Journal of Sport and.Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 1-2,F0003页

作者： Stephen d.Herrmann Erik A.Willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Kansas Center for Metabolism and.Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and.d.sease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of Exercise and.Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

First d.veloped.30 years ago,the Compend.um of Physical Activities(Compend.um)was created.to provid. a stand.rd.zed.way of measuring and.classifying specific physical activities(PAs),allowing researchers and.health professionals to assess the energy expend.ture and.health benefits associated.with d.fferent PA.1Since its inception,the Compend.um has been wid.ly utilized.and.recognized.as a fund.mental PA and.health resource.

关键词： has utilized classify

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Polio erad.cation surveillance in Sri Lanka,2019-2023

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Med.cine 2024年第6期17卷 268-272页

作者： M.A.Y.Fernand. N.S.Mad.rasinghe C.Rangana N.Weerasinghe d.C.U.d.Weligamage J.I.Abeynayake d.partment of Med.cal Microbiology and.Immunology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka d.partment of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka Med.cal Research Institute Colombo 08Sri Lanka

Objective:To evaluate the polio laboratory surveillance carried.out from January,2019 to May,2023 by the Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri ***:This retrospective stud. analyzed.all stool samples received.und.r the acute flaccid.paralysis(AFP)and.immunod.ficient vaccine-d.rived.poliovirus(Vd.V)surveillance at Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka from January,2019 to May,*** results of the testing method.logies were extracted.from the laboratory d.ta system,i.e.,poliovirus virus isolation,intra-typic d.fferentiation/Vd.V real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(ITd.Vd.V rRTPCR)and.sequencing,along with the d.ta on timing of reporting results,stool ad.quacy and.*** was analyzed.using d.scriptive ***:A total of 2141 stool samples from 1644 cases were received.for AFP surveillance from Sri Lanka(93.61%),Mald.ves(1.52%),and.immunod.ficient Vd.V(4.86%)*** polioviruses(19/1644,1.15%)and.non-polio enteroviruses(73/1644,4.44%)were isolated.while Sabin-like 3 virus was d.tected.in majority(12/19,63.15%)among the poliovirus *** polioviruses or circulating Vd.Vs were not d.tected.among the *** all years of the stud.,the non-polio AFP d.tection rate was>1/100000 in child.en aged.less than 15 years,whereas stool ad.quacy rate was>80%.All results were reported.within 14 d.ys of receipt,ensuring timely reporting as per global ***:The Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka plays a vital role in maintaining the polio-free status in the country through its robust laboratory surveillance,while ad.ering to the surveillance ***-d.tection of wild.polioviruses and.circulating Vd.V d.ring the stud. period.reinforces the polio-free status in the country.

关键词： Poliovirus Polio laboratory surveillance Regional reference laboratory Polio erad.cation

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