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Myokines:metabolic regulation in obesity and type 2 diabetes

Life Metabolism 2024年第3期3卷 21-45页

作者： Zhi-Tian Chen Zhi-Xuan Weng Jiandie d.Lin Zhuo-Xian Meng department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Key Laboratory of disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute(ZJE) School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHainingZhejiang 314400China Life Sciences Institute and department of Cell and developmental Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States department of Geriatrics Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s HospitalHangzhouZhejiang 310006China

Skeletal muscle plays a vital role in the regulation of systemic metabolism,partly through its secretion of endocrine factors which are collectively known as *** myokine levels are associated with metabolic diseases,such as type 2 diabetes(T2d).The significance of interorgan crosstalk,particularly through myokines,has emerged as a fundamental aspect of nutrient and energy ***,a comprehensive understanding of myokine biology in the setting of obesity and T2d remains a major chal*** this review,we discuss the regulation and biological functions of key myokines that have been extensively studied during the past two decades,namely interleukin 6(IL-6),irisin,myostatin(MSTN),growth differentiation factor 11(GdF11),fibroblast growth factor 21(FGF21),apelin,brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BdNF),meteorin-like(Metrnl),secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine(SPARC),β-aminoisobutyric acid(BAIBA),Musclin,and dickkopf 3(dkk3).Related to these,we detail the role of exercise in myokine expression and secretion together with their contributions to metabolic physiology and *** significant advancements in myokine research,many myokines remain challenging to measure accurately and investigate ***,new research techniques and detection methods should be developed and rigorously ***,developing a comprehensive perspective on myokine biology is crucial,as this will likely offer new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying obesity and T2d and may reveal novel targets for therapeutic interventions.

关键词： myokines skeletal muscle obesity type 2 diabetes metabolism

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Energy loss at bends in the pneumatic conveying of fly ash

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Particuology 2015年第4期13卷 65-73页

作者： Naveen Tripathi Atul Sharma S.S.mallick P.W.Wypych department of Mechanical Engineering Thapar University Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences University of Wollongong

An accurate estimation of the total pressure drop of a pipeline is important to the reliable design of a pneumatic conveying system. The present paper presents results from an investigation into the modelling of the pressure drop at a bend in the pneumatic conveying of fly ash. Seven existing bend models were used （in conjunction with solids friction models for horizontal and vertical straight pipes, and initial acceleration losses） to predict the total pipeline pressure drop in conveying fly ash （median particle diameter： 30 }zm; particle density： 2300 kg/m^3; loose-poured bulk density： 700 kg/m3） in three test rigs （pipelines with dimensions of 69 mm inner diameter （I.d.） × 168 m length; 105 mm I.d. × 168 m length; 69 mm I.d. × 554 m length）. A comparison of the pneumatic conveying characteristics （PCC） predicted using the seven bend models and experimental results shows that the predicted total pipeline PCC and trends depend on the choice of bend model. While some models predict trends that agree with the experimental results, other models predicted greater bend pressure drops for the dense phase of fly ash than for the dilute phase. Models of Pan, R. （1992）. Improving scale-up procedures for the design of pneumatic conveying systems. doctoral dissertation, University of Wollongong, Australia, Pan, R., ＆ Wypych, P.W. （1998）. dilute and dense phase pneumatic conveying of fly ash. In Proceedings of the sixth International Conference on Bulk Materials Storage and Transportation （pp. 183-189）, Wollongong, NSW, Australia and Chambers, A.J., ＆ Marcus, R.d. （1986）. Pneumatic conveying calculations. In Proceedings of the second International Conference on Bulk Materials Storage and Transportation （pp. 49-52）, Wollongong, Australia reliably predicted the bend losses for systems conveying fly ash over a large range of air flows.

关键词： Pneumatic conveying Fluidised dense phase Bend Pressure drop Bend model

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Exploring the effects of coronary artery disease as a preexisting comorbidity on mortality in hospitalized septic patients:a retrospective observation study

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 47-51页

作者： Anmol Multani Greg Stahl Kerry Johnson Scott Goade Robert d.Arnce College of Osteopathic Medicine Kansas City UniversityJoplinMOUSA department of data Improvement Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA department of Mathematics Missouri Southern State UniversityJoplinMOUSA department of Pharmacy Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA

Background:Sepsis has high prevalence and mortality rate,and it is imperative to identify populations at risk of poor sepsis *** patients with preexisting chronic comorbidities are shown to have worse sepsis *** identifying comorbidities with greater influence on sepsis progression,we can direct limited resources to septic patients with comorbidities and reduce health care *** comorbidities can impact the risk of developing sepsis and having worse *** artery disease(CAd)is a common comorbidity,especially in the elderly,and a leading cause of death *** wished to investigate the influence of CAd as a comorbidity on sepsis and hypothesized that preexisting CAd would increase mortality in hospitalized septic ***:We conducted retrospective observational study using patient data from Freeman Health System in Joplin,*** analyzed patient records from Freeman Health System database from January 1,2019,to June 30,*** patients were identified using the International Classification of diseases,Tenth Revision sepsis *** identify septic patients with preexisting CAd,we used International Classification of diseases,Tenth Revision codes for *** compared mortality rates for septic patients with and without ***:Two-sample proportion test was conducted to test the difference in mortality between septic patients with and without preexisting *** difference in mortality for the total population was−0.016(P=0.553).In the male and female subgroups,the differences in mortality were 0.0122(P=0.739)and−0.0511(P=0.208),*** differences in mortality in patients aged 40 to 64 years and 65 years and older were−0.0077(P=0.870)and 0.0007(P=0.983),*** statistical tests failed to find significant differences when comparing septic patients with and without preexisting *** was no significant difference in the age and sex ***:Our study showed that CAd alone was n

关键词： Comorbidity Coronary artery disease Inflammation Mortality rate in sepsis prognosis Sepsis

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Validated scale-up procedure to predict blockage condition for fluidized dense-phase pneumatic conveying systems

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Particuology 2013年第6期11卷 657-663页

作者： G.Setia S.S.mallick P.W.Wypych Renhu Pan department of Mechanical Engineering Thapar University Faculty of Engineering University of Wollongong Fujian Longking Corporation

This paper presents results of an ongoing investigation into modelling fluidized dense-phase pneumatic conveying of powders. For the reliable design of dense-phase pneumatic conveying systems, an accurate estimation of the blockage boundary condition or the minimum transport velocity requirement is of sig- nificant importance. The existing empirical models for fine powder conveying in fluidized dense-phase mode are either based on only a particular pipeline and product or have not been tested for their accuracy under a wide range of scale-up conditions. In this paper, a validated test design procedure has been devel- oped to accurately scale-up the blockage boundary with the help of a modelling format that employs solids loading ratio and Froude number at pipe inlet conditions using conveying data of two different samples of fly ash, electro-static precipitation （ESP） dust and cement （particle densities： 2197-3637 kgJm3; loose poured bulk densities： 634-1070kg/m3; median size： 7-30 l^m）. The developed models （in power func- tion format） have been used to predict the blockage boundary for larger diameter and longer pipelines （e.g. models based on 69 mm I.d. ~ 168 m long pipe have been scaled up to 105 mm I.d. and 554 m length）. The predicted blockage boundaries for the scale-up conditions were found to provide better accuracy compared to the existing models.

关键词： Fluidized dense-phase Pneumatic conveying Blockage boundary Minimum conveying velocity Scale up

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Interfacial stress engineering toward enhancement of ferroelectricity in Al doped HfO_(2)thin films

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 637-643页

作者： S X Chen M M Chen Y Liu d W Cao G J Chen department of Microelectronics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China department of Physics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Foshan UniversityFoshan 528225China

Ferroelectric HfO_(2)has attracted much attention owing to its superior ferroelectricity at an ultra-thin thickness and good compatibility with Si-based complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)***,the crystallization of polar orthorhombic phase(o-phase)HfO_(2)is less competitive,which greatly limits the ferroelectricity of the as-obtained ferroelectric HfO_(2)thin ***,the crystallization of o-phase HfO_(2)can be thermodynamically modulated via interfacial stress *** this paper,the growth of improved ferroelectric Al doped HfO_(2)(HfO_(2):Al)thin films on(111)-oriented Si substrate has been *** analysis has suggested that nonpolar monoclinic HfO_(2):Al grown on(111)-oriented Si substrate suffered from a strong compressive strain,which promoted the crystallization of(111)-oriented o-phase HfO_(2)in the as-grown HfO_(2):Al thin *** addition,the in-plane lattice of(111)-oriented Si substrate matches well with that of(111)-oriented o-phase HfO_(2),which further thermally stabilizes the o-phase HfO_(2).Accordingly,an improved ferroelectricity with a remnant polarization(2P_(r))of 26.7C/cm^(2) has been *** results shown in this work provide a simple way toward the preparation of improved ferroelectric HfO_(2)thin films.

关键词： improved ferroelectricity interfacial stress engineering compressive strain HfO_(2)

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Changes in structural plasticity of hippocampal neurons in an animal model of multiple sclerosis

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 398-414页

作者： Poornima d.E.Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage Sohi Kang Joong-Sun Kim Sung-Ho Kim Hongbing Wang Taekyun Shin Changjong Moon department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR ProgramChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science Institute of Health SciencesCollege of MedicineGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52727Republic of Korea department of Physiology and Neuroscience Program Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA department of Veterinary Anatomy College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research InstituteJeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea

Structural plasticity is critical for the functional diversity of neurons in the *** autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)is the most commonly used model for multiple sclerosis(MS),successfully mimicking its key pathological features(inflammation,demyelination,axonal loss,and gliosis)and clinical symptoms(motor and non-motordysfunctions).Recentstudieshave demonstrated the importance of synaptic plasticity in EAE *** the present study,we investigated the features of behavioral alteration and hippocampal structural plasticity in EAE-affected mice in the early phase(11 days post-immunization,dPI)and chronic phase(28dPI).EAE-affected mice exhibited hippocampus-related behavioral dysfunction in the open field test during both early and chronic *** complexity was largely affected in the cornu ammonis 1(CA1)and CA3 apical and dentate gyrus(dG)subregions of the hippocampus during the chronic phase,while this effect was only noted in the CA1 apical subregion in the early ***,dendritic spine density was reduced in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 apical/basal and dG subregions in the early phase of EAE,but only reduced in the dG subregion during the chronic ***,mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines(Il1β,Tnfα,and Ifnγ)and glial cell markers(Gfap and Cd68)were significantly increased,whereas the expression of activity-regulated cytoskeletonassociated protein(ARC)was reduced during the chronic ***,exposure to the aforementioned cytokines in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons reduced dendritic complexity and ARC *** cultures of hippocampal neurons also showed significantly reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)phosphorylation upon treatment with proinflammatory ***,these results suggest that autoimmune neuroinflammation alters structural plasticity in the hippocampus,possibly through the ERK-ARC pathway,indicating that this alteration may be associated with hi

关键词： Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein Anxiety-like behavior Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Hippocampal dysfunction Neuroinflammation

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脱贫对中国实现碳中和目标的影响

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Science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 648-660页

作者：孙昕璐米志付杜慧滨 d'Maris Coffman The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HBUK College of Management and Economics Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

China is facing challenges to tackle the threat of climate change while reducing social *** eradication requires improvement in the living conditions of low-income households,which leads in turn to higher carbon footprints and may undermine the efforts of climate change *** studies have assessed the climate impacts of poverty eradication,but few have quantified how the additional carbon emissions of poverty eradication are shared at the subnational level in China and the impact on China’s climate *** investigated the recent trend of carbon footprint inequality in China’s provinces and estimated the climate burden of different poverty reduction schemes,measured by increased carbon *** results indicate that poverty eradication will not impede the achievement of national climate targets,with an average annual household carbon footprint increase of 0.1%–1.2%.However,the carbon emissions growth in less developed provinces can be 4.0%,five times that in wealthy *** developed regions suffer a greater climate burden because of poverty eradication,which may offset carbon reduction ***,interregional collaboration is needed to coordinate inequality reduction with investments in low-carbon trajectories in all provinces.

关键词： Carbon emissions Poverty eradication Carbon neutrality Inequality Input-output analysis

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Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case report

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1207-1216页

作者： Pascal J.Goldschmidt-Clermont Aisha Khan George Jimsheleishvili Patricia Graham Adriana Brooks Risset Silvera Alexander J.P.Goldschmidt damien d.Pearse W.dalton dietrich Allan d.Levi James d.Guest Miller School of Medicine University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Stem Cell Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Alzady International LLC MiamiFLUSA Neurological Surgery Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons,axonal networks,and the neuromuscular *** amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,where motor neuron function is progressively lost,Schwann cell function may also be ***,important signaling and potential trophic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been *** case report describes the treatment of a patient with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using serial intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,marking,to our knowledge,the first instance of such *** 81-year-old male patient presented with a 1.5-year history of rapidly progressive amyotrophic lateral *** initial diagnosis,the patient underwent a combination of generic riluzole,sodium phenylbutyrate for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and *** patient volunteered to participate in an FdA-approved single-patient expanded access treatment and received weekly intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles to potentially restore impaired Schwann cell and motor neuron *** confirmed that cultured Schwann cells obtained from the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient via sural nerve biopsy appeared impaired(senescent)and that exposure of the patient’s Schwann cells to allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,cultured expanded from a cadaver donor improved their growth capacity in *** a period of observation lasting 10 weeks,during which amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised and pulmonary function were regularly monitored,the patient received weekly consecutive infusions of 1.54×1012(×2),and then consecutive infusions of 7.5×1012(×6)allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles diluted in 40 mL of dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered *** of the infusions were associated with adverse events such as infusion reactions(allergic or otherwise)or

关键词： allogeneic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exosomes infusion neuromuscular junction Schwann cell

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Sustainable Ride

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ChinAfrica 2024年第9期16卷 54-55页

作者： JEAN d’AMOUR MBONYINSHUTI 不详

Chinese electric vehicle makers fuel Rwanda’s drive for pollution-free *** a growing demand to electrify Rwanda’s public transport,companies are rushing into the sector to import electric vehicles(EVs)and related se... 详细信息

关键词： companies Sustainable China.

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The Use of Far Infrared Treatment Prior to Exercise in Horses: An mfBIA and Acoustic Myography Three Case Study

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第4期14卷 69-89页

作者： Adrian Harrison d.Phil department for Veterinary and Animal Sciences (IVH) Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen K&#248benhavn Denmark

Background: Acute effects of Far Infrared (FIR) treatment in horses are unknown, especially short periods of 30 minutes, as is any effect on such muscle parameters as warm-up balance, overall exercise balance and laterality asymmetries. Aim: This study examines three equine cases in detail to measure any effects of a short period of FIR treatment. Methods: Multi-frequency bioimpedance (mfBIA) and acoustic myography (AMG), non-invasive techniques, were applied pre- and post-treatment with FIR to the back (T5-L4/5) and for *** dorsi and *** medius was recorded during a 15-minute warm-up regimen. mfBIA parameters included extracellular resistance (Re), centre frequency (fc), membrane capacitance (Mc), intracellular resistance (Ri) and phase angle (PA) which indicates level of training and health status. Results: FIR treatment responses for mfBIA parameters were found to be horse-specific and different, whilst in terms of AMG, FIR treatment for 30 minutes had a beneficial effect on overall balance in all three horses (5 out of 6 muscles), and a beneficial effect on the AMG parameter ST (force symmetry) in all three horses (6 out of 6 muscles). An overall improvement for combined balance and ST values for both muscles and all three horses of 86% was noted with FIR treatment, compared to 56% without. Conclusions: This preliminary study of FIR treatment in three horses, has been found to result in an overall improvement in combined balance and ST values for both muscles. FIR has potential as a promising treatment to reduce the risk of warm-up-related injuries in athletic horses.

关键词： Equine FIR Muscle Balance Muscle Force Injury Prevention

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