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Overgrowth of the indigenous gut microbiome and irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第10期20卷 2449-2455页

作者： William Bye Naveed Ishaq Terry d Bolin Vic M duncombe Stephen M Riordan Gastrointestinal and Liver Unit Prince of Wales Hospital Randwick 2031 New South Wales Australia Prince of Wales Clinical School Randwick NSW 2031 Australia

Culture-independent molecular techniques have demonstrated that the majority of the gut microbiota is *** of these molecular techniques to more accurately identify the indigenous gut microbiome has moved with great pace over recent years,leading to a substantial increase in understanding of gut microbial communities in both health and a number of disorders,including irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).Use of culture-independent molecular techniques already employed to characterise faecal and,to a lesser extent,colonic mucosal microbial populations in IBS,without reliance on insensitive,traditional microbiological culture techniques,has the potential to more accurately determine microbial composition in the small intestine of patients with this disorder,at least that occurring proximally and within reach of *** data concerning culture-based and culture-independent analyses of the small intestinal microbiome in IBS are considered here.

关键词： Gut microbiome Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth Irritable bowel syndrome

Impact of hydrolysis on surface area and energy storage applications of activated carbons produced from corn fiber and soy hulls

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2020年第1期3卷 19-28页

作者： Zachary d.Herde Ruchira dharmasena Gamini Sumanasekera Jaya Shankar Tumuluru Jagannadh Satyavolu Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA Energy Systems Laboratory Idaho National LaboratoryIdaho FallsIDUSA School of Chemical and Biomolecular Eng Georgia Institute of TechnologyUnited States

Complete utilization of lignocellulosic biomass through the creation of value-added coproducts is one of the key strategies of the Bioenergy Technologies Office(BETO)for the cost-effective production of biofuels and biochemicals.A green approach to producing lightweight and high specific surface area(SSA)activated carbons(ACs)from sustainable biomass sources is of great interest to producers and users of energy devices such as batteries and *** direct conversion from biomass has been studied extensively,AC with relatively high surface areas can be produced more cost-effectively when leveraged as a co-product from a *** this paper,we discuss the production of high specific surface area activated carbons from residual fiber(fiber remaining after extraction of C5-sugars)generated as part of a C5 *** surface,morphological characteristics using SEM and TEM,and energy storage behavior of ACs produced using the C5 extracted residual fiber were evaluated in the present *** ACs produced from the residual fiber delivered an order of magnitude higher surface area than the one directly from corn pericarp fiber and soy *** surface area of the ACs produced from pre-hydrolysis ddG was only 10 m^(2)/g compared to 689 m^(2)/g for soy hulls whereas after hydrolysis these values increased significantly(ddG:1700 m^(2)/g and soy hulls:1300 m^(2)/g).TEM images indicated high exfoliation,explaining the change in surface area *** the same current density(500 mA/g)the cycling performance of the ACs increased as the surface area increased significantly.

关键词： Agricultural residues Hydrolysis Activated carbon Surface area characterization Surface morphology

Constraints and Opportunities for detecting Land Surface Phenology in drylands

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Journal of Remote Sensing 2021年第1期2021卷 332-346页

作者： Shawn d.Taylor dawn M.Browning Ruben A.Baca Feng Gao US department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceJornada Experimental RangeNew Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNew Mexico 88003USA Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education(ORISE) Oak RidgeTennessee 37830USA US department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceHydrology and Remote Sensing LaboratoryBeltsvilleMaryland 20705USA

Land surface phenology(LSP)enables global-scale tracking of ecosystem processes,but its utility is limited in drylands due to low vegetation cover and resulting low annual amplitudes of vegetation indices(VIs).due to the importance of drylands for biodiversity,food security,and the carbon cycle,it is necessary to understand the limitations in measuring dryland ***,using simulated data and multitemporal unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)imagery of a desert shrubland,we explore the feasibility of detecting LSP with respect to fractional vegetation cover,plant functional types,VI uncertainty,and two different detection *** simulated data,we found that plants with distinct VI signals,such as deciduous shrubs,can require up to 60%fractional cover to consistently detect *** plants,with lower seasonal VI amplitude,require considerably higher cover and can have undetectable phenology even with 100%vegetation *** evaluation of two algorithms showed that neither performed the best in all *** with adequate cover,biases in phenological metrics can still exceed 20 days and can never be 100%accurate due to VI uncertainty from shadows,sensor view angle,and atmospheric *** showed how high-resolution UAV imagery enables LSP studies in drylands and highlighted important scale effects driven by within-canopy VI *** high-resolution imagery,the open canopies of drylands are beneficial as they allow for straightforward identification of individual plants,enabling the tracking of phenology at the individual *** thus have the potential to become an exemplary environment for future LSP research.

关键词： fractional straight imagery

Low-cost Position and Force Measurement System for Payload Transport Using UAVs

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2021年第4期18卷 594-604页

作者： daniel Ceferino Gandolfo Claudio d.Rosales Lucio R.Salinas J.Gimenez Ricardo Carelli Institute of Automation(INAUT) National University of San Juan-CONICETSan Juan J5400ARLArgentina

In recent years, multiple applications have emerged in the area of payload transport using unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs). This has attracted considerable interest among the scientific community, especially the cases involving one or several rotarywing UAVs. In this context, this work proposes a novel measurement system which can estimate the payload position and the force exerted by it on the UAV. This measurement system is low cost, easy to implement, and can be used either in indoor or outdoor environments(no sensorized laboratory is needed). The measurement system is validated statically and dynamically. In the first test, the estimations obtained by the system are compared with measurements produced by high-precision devices. In the second test, the system is used in real experiments to compare its performance with the ones obtained using known procedures. These experiments allowed to draw interesting conclusions on which future research can be based.

关键词： Payload transport unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) measurement system path following controller low-cost system

Intrusion detection Using Ensemble Wrapper Filter Based Feature Selection with Stacking Model

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第1期35卷 645-659页

作者： d.Karthikeyan V.Mohan Raj J.Senthilkumar Y.Suresh department of ECE KongunaduCollege of Engineering and TechnologyTrichy621215India department of IT Sona College of TechnologySalem636005India

The number of attacks is growing tremendously in tandem with the growth of internet *** a result,protecting the private data from prying eyes has become a critical and tough *** intrusion detection solutions have been offered by researchers in order to decrease the effect of these *** attack detection,the prior system has created an SMSRPF(Stacking Model Significant Rule Power Factor)*** provide creative instance detection,the SMSRPF combines the detection of trained classifiers such as dT(decision Tree)and RF(Random Forest).Nevertheless,it does not generate any accuratefindings that are *** suggested system has built an EWF(Ensemble Wrapper Filter)feature selection with SMSRPF classifier for attack detection so as to overcome this *** UNSW-NB15 dataset is used as an input in this proposed research ***,min–max normalization approach is used to pre-process the incoming *** feature selection is then carried out using *** on the selected features,SMSRPF classifiers are utilized to detect the *** SMSRPF is integrated with the trained classi-fiers such as dT and RF to create creative instance *** that,the testing data is classified using MCAR(Multi-Class Classification based on Association Rules).The SRPF judges the rules correctly even when the confidence and the lift measures *** accuracy,precision,recall,f-measure,computation time,and error,the experimental findings suggest that the new system outperforms the prior systems.

关键词： Intrusion detection system(IdS) ensemble wrapperfilter(EWF) stacking model with significant rule power factor(SMSRPF) classifier

Cooperative Channel and Optimized Route Selection in Adhoc Network

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1547-1560页

作者： d.Manohari M.S.Kavitha K.Periyakaruppan B.Chellapraba department of Computer Science and Engineering St.Joseph’s Institute of TechnologyChennai600119TamilnaduIndia department of Computer Science&Engineering SNS College of TechnologyCoimbatore641035TamilnaduIndia department of Computer Science&Engineering SNS College of EngineeringCoimbatore641107TamilnaduIndia department of Information Technology Karpagam Institute of TechnologyCoimbatore641032TamilnaduIndia

Over the last decade,mobile Adhoc networks have expanded dramati-cally in popularity,and their impact on the communication sector on a variety of levels is *** uses have expanded in lockstep with its *** to its instability in usage and the fact that numerous nodes communicate data concur-rently,adequate channel and forwarder selection is *** this proposed design for a Cognitive Radio Cognitive Network(CRCN),we gain the conﬁdence of each forwarding node by contacting one-hop and second level nodes,obtaining reports from them,and selecting the forwarder appropriately with the use of an optimization *** that point,we concentrate our efforts on their channel,selection,and lastly,the transmission of data packets via the designated *** simulation work is validated in this section using the MATLAB ***,steps show how the node acts as a conﬁdent forwarder and shares the channel in a compatible method to communicate,allowing for more packet bits to be transmitted by conveniently picking the channel between *** cal-culate the conﬁdence of the node at the start of the network by combining the reliability report for theﬁrst hop and the reliability report for the secondary *** then refer to the same node as the conﬁdent node in order to operate as a *** a result,we witness an increase in the leftover energy in the *** percentage of data packets delivered has also increased.

关键词： Adhoc Network conﬁdent forwarder one-hop optimized route selection secondary report channel selection

Use of second generation contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the assessment of focal liver lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第45期13卷 5963-5970页

作者： Stanislas HX Morin Adrian KP Lim eremy FL Cobbold Simon d Taylor-Robinson Sciences Hammersmith Hospital Campus Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London London United Kingdom Liver Unit St Mary's Hospital Campus Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London London United Kingdom Liver Unit St Mary’s Hospital Campus Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London London United Kingdom

Ultrasound (US) is often the first imaging modality employed in patients with suspected focal liver lesions. The role of US in the characterisation of focal liver lesions has been transformed with the introduction of specific contrast media and the development of specialized imaging techniques. Ultrasound now can fully characterise the enhancement pattern of hepatic lesions, similar to that achieved with contrast enhanced multiphasic computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). US contrast agents are safe, well-tolerated and have very few contraindications. Furthermore, real-time evaluation of the vascularity of focal liver lesions has become possible with the use of the newer microbubble contrast agents. This article reviews the enhancement pattern of the most frequent liver lesions seen, using the second generation US contrast media. The common pitfalls for each type of lesion are discussed. The recent developments in US contrast media and specific imaging techniques have been a major advance and this technique, in view of the intrinsic advantages of US, will undoubtedly gain popularity in the years to come.

关键词： Microbubble contrast agents Ultrasound Focal liver lesions

Formations of AZ91/Al_(2)O_(3) nano-composite layer by friction stir processing

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2016年第4期4卷 314-318页

作者： d.Ahmadkhaniha M.Heydarzadeh Sohi A.Salehi R.Tahavvori School of Engineering Islamic Azad University of KarajKarajIran School of Metallurgy and Materials College of EngineeringUniversity of TehranP.O.Box:1155-4563TehranIran

Composite layers containing~0.8%vol Al_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles were produced on AZ91 magnesium alloy by friction stir processing(FSP).The treated layers were characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopes,as well as microhardness and wear testing *** was noticed that,by reducing the rotational speed and increasing the travel speed,the grain size of the treated layer reduces and its hardness *** addition,the presence of nano Al_(2)O_(3) reduces the grain sizes of the layers further and increases their ***,FSP of AZ91 with Al_(2)O_(3) particles improved the wear resistance significantly and changed the wear mechanism from oxidation and adhesive mode in the as-received AZ91 to oxidation and abrasive in the FSPed ***,the rotational speed of 800 rpm and the travel speed of 40 mm/min were the optimum parameters for achieving a suitable composite layer with the highest hardness and wear resistance among the treated layers.

关键词： FSP Nano-composite Magnesium Al_(2)O_(3) Microhardness Wear

Automated Red deer Algorithm with deep Learning Enabled Hyperspectral Image Classification

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第2期35卷 2353-2366页

作者： B.Chellapraba d.Manohari K.Periyakaruppan M.S.Kavitha department of Information Technology Karpagam Institute of TechnologyCoimbatore641032TamilnaduIndia department of Computer Science and Engineering St.Joseph’s Institute of TechnologyChennai600119India department of Computer Science&Engineering SNS College of EngineeringCoimbatore641107India department of Computer Science&Engineering SNS College of TechnologyCoimbatore641035India

Hyperspectral(HS)image classiﬁcation is a hot research area due to challenging issues such as existence of high dimensionality,restricted training data,*** recognition of features from the HS images is important for effective classiﬁcation ***,the recent advancements of deep learning(dL)models make it possible in several application *** addition,the performance of the dL models is mainly based on the hyperparameter setting which can be resolved by the design of *** this view,this article develops an automated red deer algorithm with deep learning enabled hyperspec-tral image(HSI)classiﬁcation(RdAdL-HIC)*** proposed RdAdL-HIC technique aims to effectively determine the HSI *** addition,the RdAdL-HIC technique comprises a NASNetLarge model with Adagrad ***,RdA with gated recurrent unit(GRU)approach is used for the identiﬁcation and classiﬁcation of *** design of Adagrad optimizer with RdA helps to optimally tune the hyperparameters of the NASNetLarge and GRU models *** experimental results stated the supremacy of the RdAdL-HIC model and the results are inspected interms of different *** comparison study of the RdAdL-HIC model demonstrated the enhanced per-formance over its recent state of art approaches.

关键词： Hyperspectral images image classiﬁcation deep learning adagrad optimizer nasnetlarge model red deer algorithm