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Change of pore water near the freezing front during soil freezing: Migration and mechanisms

Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 770-782页

作者： Yajun SHI wei MA Lianhai ZHANG chengsong YANG Fei SHANG cheng CHEN State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China department of Joint NMR Laboratory for Freeze-Thaw Processes in Soils of State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering and Suzhou Niumag Analytical Instrument Corporation Lanzhou 730000China

The formation and growth of segregation ice dominate the frost heave during soil freezing,which is closely related to water *** analyze segregation ice during soil freezing for different soils,a freezing-thawing experiment was conducted with Lanzhou loess(LZL)and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau silty clay(QSC)using a novel layered nuclear magnetic resonance *** LZL freezing,the unfrozen water content first increased and then decreased with decreasing temperature near the freezing front,but decreased with decreasing temperature in other layers,whereas during the freezing of QSC,the unfrozen water content in different layers(including the freezing front)decreased with decreased ***,the increased liquid water near the freezing front during LZL freezing was primarily adsorbed *** addition to the temperature gradient,the squeezing action during soil freezing was another important factor affecting water migration,especially at the early stage of soil ***,which of the two factors,squeezing action and temperature gradient,was the dominant one causing water migration depended on soil *** the early stage of soil freezing,the squeezing action had a significant effect on the water migration of LZL,but no significant effect on that of ***,water accumulation of LZL near the freezing front due to squeezing action at the early stage of freezing limited the formation and growth of segregation *** study provided an improved understanding for ice segregation and water migration during soil freezing.

关键词： freezing-thawing experiment frozen soil nuclear magnetic resonance phase transition segregation ice squeezing action unfrozen water water migration

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In situ sulfur-doped mesoporous tungsten oxides for gas sensing toward benzene series

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 502-507页

作者： Yu deng Yan Liu Yonghui deng Jinsheng cheng Yidong Zou wei Luo State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersShanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsiChEMFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China department of Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Henry-Fork School of Food Sciences Shaoguan UniversityShaoguan 512005China State Key Lab of Transducer Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China

Benzene series as highly toxic gases have inevitably entered human life and produce great threat to human health and ecological environment,and thus it is distinctly meaningful to monitor benzene series with quickly,real-time and efficient ***,novel sulfur-doped mesoporous WO_(3)materials were synthesized via classical in-situ solvent evaporation induced co-assembly strategy combined with doping engineering,which possessed highly crystallized frameworks,high specific surface area(40.9–63.8 m^(2)/g)and uniform pore size(~18 nm).Benefitting from abundant oxygen vacancy and defects via S-doping,the tailored mesoporous S/m WO_(3)exhibited excellent benzene sensing performance,including high sensitivity(50 ppm vs.48),low detection limit(ca.500 ppb),outstanding selectivity and favorable *** addition,the reduction of band gap resulted from S-doping promotes the carrier migration in the sensing materials and the reaction at the gas–solid sensing *** provides brand-new approach to design sensitive materials with multiple reaction sites.

关键词： Mesoporous materials Benzene series Tungsten oxides Sulfur doping Gas sensor

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Polyphenol-mediated interfacial deposition strategy for supported manganese oxide catalysts with excellent pollutant degradation performance

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 493-498页

作者： dong cheng Youyou Feng Bingxi Feng Ke Wang Guoxin Song Gen Wang Xiaoli cheng Yonghui deng Jing wei The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education State Key Lab of Transducer TechnologySchool of Life Science and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersState Key Laboratory of Transducer TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHeilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080China

In persulfate-based advanced oxidation process(PS-AOPs),fixing nanosized metal oxide on processable substrates is highly desirable to avoid the aggregation and loss of nanocatalysts during the practical ***,it is still challenging to develop a versatile strategy for the deposition of metal oxide nanocatalysts on various substrates with different physicochemical ***,polyphenols are utilized as a“molecular glue”and reductant to mediate the interfacial deposition of MnO_(2) nanocatalysts on different ***_(2) nanocatalysts were in-situ grown on macroscope mineral substrates(e.g.,airstone)via an interfacial redox strategy between tannic acid(TA)and oxidized KMnO4,and then employed as a fixed catalyst of peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation for treating pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs)in *** fixed MnO_(2) exhibited superior catalytic performance toward different PPCPS via a singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))-dominated nonradical oxidation *** in the secondary effluent of wastewater treatment plants could be effectively removed by a fixed-bed column of the fixed MnO_(2) with long term *** cycle of Mn^(4+)/Mn^(3+)and surface hydroxyl group of the fixed MnO_(2) was proved to be responsible for the activation of *** work provides a new avenue for developing fixed metal oxides for sustainable water treatment.

关键词： Redox strategy Manganese oxides Fixed catalyst Peroxymonosulfate PPCPs

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An Innovative Coupled Common-Node discrete Element Method-Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Model developed with LS-dYNA and Its Applications

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第3期38卷 467-482页

作者： SHEN Zhong-xiang WANG Wen-qing XU cheng-yue LUO Jia-xin LIU Ren-wei School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100China College of Harbor Coastal and Offshore EngineeringHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

In this study,a common-node dEM-SPH coupling model based on the shared node method is proposed,and a fluid–structure coupling method using the common-node discrete element method-smoothed particle hydrodynamics(dS-SPH)method is developed using LS-dYNA *** dEM and SPH are established on the same node to create common-node dEM-SPH particles,allowing for fluid–structure *** simulations of various scenarios,including water entry of a rigid sphere,dam-break propagation over wet beds,impact on an ice plate floating on water and ice accumulation on offshore structures,are *** interaction between dS particles and SPH fluid and the crack generation mechanism and expansion characteristics of the ice plate under the interaction of structure and fluid are also *** results are compared with available data to verify the proposed coupling ***,the simulation results demonstrated that controlling the cutoff pressure of internal SPH particles could effectively control particle splashing during ice crushing failure.

关键词： common-node dEM-SPH fluid-structure interaction discrete element method smoothed particle hydrodynamics

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Regulation of aqueous electrolyte interface via electrolyte strategies for uniform zinc deposition

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8678-8693页

作者： wei Zhong Chaoqiang Tan Laixi Li Shichao Zhang Xinyang Wang Hao cheng Yingying Lu Institute of Wenzhou Zhejiang UniversityWenzhou 325006China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Institute of Pharmaceutical EngineeringCollege of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311215China Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt Company Limited Tongxiang 314500China

Aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs),renowned for their high theoretical energy density,safety,cost-effectiveness and ecofriendliness,offer immense potential in the realm of energy storage and conversion,finding applications in renewable energy and portable ***,the development of AZIBs still faces several challenges related to the electrochemical behavior of zinc anodes in aqueous electrolytes,primarily zinc dendrite formation,which emphasize the critical need for a fundamental understanding of the interfacial phenomena between the electrode and *** review focuses on the three models:the electric double layer(EdL)model,the solvation structure model,and the Zn/electrolyte interface *** guide the design of the electrolyte system in *** models provide a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between the electrode,electrolyte,and the solvated ions in the *** optimizing the salt types,salt concentrations,solvents and additives based on these models,it is possible to enhance the performance of AZIBs,including their energy density,cycle life,and *** review also highlights recent research progress in electrolyte modification of AZIBs for understanding battery behavior,along with perspectives for the direction of further investigations.

关键词： aqueous zinc ion batteries electric double layer solvation structure electrolyte optimization

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Investigation of wake-induced vibration interference between two staggered wave-cone cylinders at subcritical Reynolds number

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第2期36卷 378-393页

作者： Lin Zou di-wei Liu Jian Liu Hong-cheng Zuo Yin-huan Zheng Hao Xia School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China department of Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK

The wake induced vibration(WIV)of a one-and two-degree-of-freedom(1dOF,2dOF)downstream wave-cone cylinder(WCC)behind a stationary equal-size upstream wave-cone cylinder in the staggered arrangement is numerically investigated at subcritical Reynolds number of 3900 by using shear stressed transfer(SST)k-ωturbulence *** streamwise pitch ratios(P/dm)vary from 4 to 6 with a fixed incident angleα=8°.Experimental measurements were also performed for the validation of the present numerical *** is found that the largest vibration amplitude in crossflow direction occurred at P/dm=4,Ur=8 with small difference of streamwise vibration at P/dm=4,*** from single wavy-cone cylinder(SWCC),the downstream flexible one of a pair staggered WCCs got larger vibration amplitude during phase switching stage instead of in-phase *** upstream wake will suppress the triple frequency of main frequency in the power spectra density(PSd)functions of Cl but stimulate the double one of *** intriguing vibration mechanism happened in all 2dOF cases where the trajectory of downstream WCC is a significant ellipse rather than a figure of *** transformation of phase switching and the variation of the main frequency of drag coefficient(Cd)can be explained by the vortex-shedding modes of downstream WCC.

关键词： Two wave-cone cylinders staggered arrangement wake induced vibration phase switching vortex shedding

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detwinning and Anneal-Hardening Behaviors of Pre-Twinned AZ31 Alloys under Cryogenic Loading

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第9期37卷 1551-1563页

作者： Lingyu Zhao wei Zhu Chao Zhang Yunchang Xin Changjian Yan Yao cheng Zhaoyang Jin School of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225127China Key Laboratory for Light-weight Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing210009China Institute of Corrosion Science and Technology Guangzhou510070GuangdongChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology Nanjing Institute of TechnologyNanjing211167China

detwinning behavior of a pre-twinned magnesium alloy AZ31 at cryogenic temperature was investigated,also with a focus on the annealing hardening behavior of samples with different fractions of ***-compression along the transverse direction with strains of 1.7%,3.0%,and 6.0% was applied to generated[1012]*** behavior,microstructure,and texture evolution during subsequent tension were *** results show that low temperature did not change the fact that detwinning still pre-dominated in the pre-twinned samples under reverse ***,a relatively harder migration of twin boundaries was found at cryogenic *** annealing hardening of 27-40 MPa was observed in the pre-twinned samples,and such a hardening effect shows a close relation with the fraction of pre-twins or the level of *** annealing hardening effect disappeared if the matrix was consumed by twins along with the increased pre-compression *** corresponding reasons for the annealing hardening behavior were discussed.

关键词： Mg alloys detwinning Annealing hardening Cryogenic temperature Mechanical property

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defects in the grain interiors of 3 mol%yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal ceramics with 0.25 wt%alumina

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第4期13卷 469-477页

作者： Yan Xiong Lian Luo Yao cheng Zhi Liu Qi Liu weimin Wang wei Ji School of Materials&Chemical Engineering Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light IndustryHubei University of TechnologyWuhan 430068China Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Mater Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Multifunction Zirconia Materials Jiangxi Size Materials Co.Ltd.Jiujiang 332500China State Key Laboratory of Advance Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

The presence of high-density defects is rarely observed in bulk 3 mol%yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal(3Y-TZP)ceramics obtained through conventional pressureless *** the present work,fine-grained dense 147 nm 3Y-TZP ceramics were prepared by pressureless sintering of commercial 0.25 wt%alumina-doped zirconia powders at 1300℃.A novel discovery was reported in which large amounts of defects were present in the grain interiors of the *** phenomenon was further examined using three types of powder samples,and the reasons for defect formation were investigated by microstructural characterization using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM)analysis and Rietveld *** results confirmed the essential dependence of the defect formation on the alumina *** authors attributed the defect formation to the significant difference in ionic radii of the solvent and solute during the dissolution of alumina into the zirconia *** sintering kinetics were proposed to be enhanced by the presence of substantial defects,which consequently favored the low-temperature sintering of the alumina-doped zirconia ceramics.

关键词： 3 mol%yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal(3Y-TzP)ceramics alumina addition microstructure defect

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Facet effects on bimetallic ZnSn hydroxide microcrystals for selective electrochemical CO2 reduction

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第8期9卷 1314-1320页

作者： Liu Han cheng-wei Wang Shan-shan Luo Ying-tang Zhou Bing Li Ming Liu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture Marine Science and Technology CollegeZhejiang Ocean University

Employing crystal facets to regulate the catalytic properties in electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction（eCO2RR） has been well demonstrated on electrocatalysts containing single metals but rarely explored for bimetallic systems. Here, we synthesize Zn Sn（OH）6（ZSO）microcrystals（MCs） with distinct facets and investigate the facet effects in eCO2RR. Electrochemical studies and in situ Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy（in situ-FTIR） reveal that ZSO MCs produce mainly C1 products of HCOOH and CO. The {111} facet of the ZSO MCS exhibits higher selectivity and faradaic efficiency（FE） than that of the {100} facet over a wide range of potentials（-0.9 V ～-1.3 V versus RHE）. density Functional Theory（dFT） calculations elucidate that the {111} facet is favorable to the adsorption/activation of CO2molecules,the formation of intermediate in the rate-determining step, and the desorption of C1 products of CO and HCOOH molecules.

关键词： ZnSn(OH) 6 Crystal facets Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction C1 product density functional theory

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The Astrometric Performance of the China Space Station Telescope(CSST)Sky Survey in Extending the Gaia Celestial Reference Frame

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 133-140页

作者： Jun Yao Jia-cheng Liu Niu Liu Zi Zhu Zhen-wei Wang School of Astronomy and Space Science Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics(Ministry of Education)Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 211135China

The multi-color imaging sky survey conducted by the China Space Station Telescope(CSST)holds significant promise for advancing the development of the celestial reference *** this study,we focus on assessing the astrometric performance of the CSST celestial reference frame(CSST-CRF)in extending the Gaia Celestial Reference Frame 3(Gaia-CRF3).First,the orientation precision of the CSST reference frame is evaluated using a simulated set of extragalactic sources with CSST g magnitudes ranging from 18 to 25 *** estimated orientation uncertainty caused by random error insignificantly affects the alignment between Gaia-CRF3 and the ***,the systematic effect of incomplete CSST sky coverage on the alignment between CSST-CRF and Gaia-CRF3 is discussed by analyzing the differences between the subset of Gaia-CRF3 in the CSST observation region(Gaia-CRF3′)and Gaia-CRF3 as a *** the third International Celestial Reference Frame(ICRF3)S/X band as an intermediate reference frame,the orientation offset between Gaia-CRF3′and GaiaCRF3 is estimated to be 20μ*** offset is marginally larger than the orientation offset between Gaia-CRF3 and the ICRF3,approximately 15μ*** residual spin and glide rate of Gaia-CRF3′are derived from the proper motions,consistent with that of Gaia-CRF3 within the formal ***,we explore the role of CSST in establishing a multi-band celestial reference frame by comparing its limiting magnitude and observation accuracy with existing catalogs in the infrared and ultraviolet *** to its broad wavelength coverage and highprecision measurements,CSST is well-positioned to make significant contributions to the development of a multiband celestial reference frame.

关键词： astrometry-reference systems-surveys

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