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The Camborygma Ichnofacies in a high-resolution sequence-stratigraphic framework for the Eocene palustrine-alluvial depositional interval of the Kutch Basin,India

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2025年第1期14卷 141-156页

作者： Mohuli das Sudipta dasgupta Seema Singh Marcos Ant?nio Klunk Renzo d'souza Bombay Ichnos Research Group Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay) department of Petroleum Engineering and Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Petroleum and Energy (IIPE) department of Geology Panjab University department of Geology Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS)

The non-marine strata of the Ypresian Naredi Formation have been deposited and intermittently pedogenized after the culmination of the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum(EECO). This continental interval comprises intercalation of laterite and palaeosol horizons developed by cyclic episodes of erosion, subaerial exposure, and deposition. The palaeopedological analyses investigate the morphological and micromorphological features evidencing repeated subaerial exposure and consequently moderate to well-developed palaeosol horizons. The topmost laterite bed records an intensely bioturbated ichnofabric(consisting of the root traces and the composite ichnotaxa of lungfish aestivation burrows, Macanopsis(possible arachnid burrows), and Skolithos. The pedogenized shale horizons contain the paucispecific Camborygma-root trace ichnofabric with highly localized patchy preservation of Camborygma symplokonomos, Camborygma eumekenomos, and rhizoturbation. The ichnospecies variation of Camborygma along with the ichnofabric analyses led to the demarcation of stratigraphic horizons and evaluation of the palaeowater-table fluctuations vis-a-vis the low-order allocyclicity, the ethology of producers, and the depositional setting. The paucispecific suite of trace fossils refers to the Camborygma Ichnofacies, where the substrate is intermittently pedogenized and lateritized with upward increasing thickness of beds and intensity of pedogenesis, lateritization, ichnodiversity, and ***, as an expression of high-frequency(interpreted as 5th-order) stratigraphic fluctuations within an early Falling Stage Systems Tract(FSST), a hot palaeoclimate with seasonality varying between humid inundated to dry desiccated conditions is interpreted with the palaeowater table being the base-level control. It culminates with the driest condition at the top with the thickest laterite development associated with the RAeMaS *** the onset of early transgression as documented in the ove

关键词： Camborygma Lungfish aestivation burrow Macanopsis Skolithos Palaeosol-laterite profile Naredi formation

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Effect of Organic Amendment on the Growth of Artemisia annua in the North of Côte d’Ivoire

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2023年第11期13卷 457-473页

作者： Sarah konaré Konan Alphonse Alui Souleymane Silué André Soro department of Geosciences Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University Korhogo C&#244te d’Ivoire department of Biochemistry and Genetic Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University Korhogo C&#244te d’Ivoire department for Wood Science and Forestry Laval University Quebec City Canada

Malaria causes many deaths around the world, particularly in Africa, which ultimately affects the socio-economic development of African countries. The resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to quinine-based drugs led to new studies showing the efficiency of new artemisin-based drugs. The molecule artemisin is extracted from Artemisia annua a plant from China that has been used for decades in traditional Chinese medicine. The purpose of this study is to improve the production of sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua) using organic fertilizers in the north of Cote d’Ivoire. To do so, a morpho-pedological characterization of the study site was firstly performed to determine the soil type and their fertility level. Then, a randomized complete block system including two factors (the quantity of compost and the plant density) was implemented to test the effect of organic amendment and plant arrangement on the growth of Artemisia annua. Six treatments were set up: a control plot (no compost) where the plants are arranged in square (T0d1) and the plants are arranged in staggered (T0d2). Then, a treatment with compost addition of 25 t/ha where the plants are arranged in square (T1d1) and in staggered (T1d2). A treatment with compost addition of 50 t/ha where plants are arranged in square (T2d1) and in staggered (T2d2). Our results showed that the soils hosting our experimentation are Arenithic Plinthic Ferrasols with a very low level of fertility, prone to leaching and erosion. T1d2 and T2d2 treatments obtained the highest yields of 2.82 t/ha and 3.91 t/ha, respectively. Our findings indicate that a high dose of organic amendment combined with a staggered plant arrangement strongly improves the biomass production of sweet wormwood. This is in agreement with previous studies showing that the addition of organic matter can restore the level of soil fertility by increasing soil porosity and the activity of micro and macroorganisms.

关键词： Artemisia annua Compost Soil Fertility Korhogo Côte d’Ivoire

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Modelling of daily Long-Term Urban Road Traffic Flow distribution: A Poisson Process Approach

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Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation 2025年第1期13卷 89-105页

作者： Jojo d. Lartey department of Natural Science Heritage Christian University Ghana Accra Ghana

Road traffic flow forecasting provides critical information for the operational management of road mobility challenges, and models are used to generate the forecast. This paper uses a random process to present a novel traffic modelling framework for aggregate traffic on urban roads. The main idea is that road traffic flow is random, even for the recurrent flow, such as rush hour traffic, which is predisposed to congestion. Therefore, the structure of the aggregate traffic flow model for urban roads should correlate well with the essential variables of the observed random dynamics of the traffic flow phenomena. The novelty of this paper is the developed framework, based on the Poisson process, the kinematics of urban road traffic flow, and the intermediate modelling approach, which were combined to formulate the model. Empirical data from an urban road in Ghana was used to explore the model’s fidelity. The results show that the distribution from the model correlates well with that of the empirical traffic, providing a strong validation of the new framework and instilling confidence in its potential for significantly improved forecasts and, hence, a more hopeful outlook for real-world traffic management.

关键词： Poisson Process Macroscopic Traffic Flow Urban Road Long-Term Forecast Multiple Entries-Exits dynamics

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Fake Studies Fake scientific studies are a problem that’s getting harder to solve

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空中英语教室(高级版.彭蒙惠英语) 2025年第1期 12-13,41,42页

作者： F.d.Flam 不详

Faking it until you make it may be a common practice in some *** it's clearly unethical for scientists and medical *** the same,thousands of fake papers are churned out by so-called paper mills and published every yea... 详细信息

关键词： s. problem getting

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dietary supplementation of valine,isoleucine,and tryptophan may overcome the negative effects of excess leucine in diets for weanling pigs containing corn fermented protein

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 267-281页

作者： Andrea P.Mallea Charmaine d.Espinosa Su A Lee Minoy A.Cristobal Leidy J.Torrez‑Mendoza Hans H.Stein division of Nutritional Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Present Address:EnviroFlight RaleighNCUSA.

Background diets with high inclusion of corn co-products such as corn fermented protein(CFP)may contain excess Leu,which has a negative impact on feed intake and growth performance of pigs due to increased catabolism of Val and Ile and reduced availability of Trp in the brain for serotonin ***,we hypothesized that the negative effect of using CFP in diets for weanling pigs may be overcome if diets are fortified with crystalline sources of Val,Trp,and(or)*** Three hundred and twenty weanling pigs were randomly allotted to one of 10 dietary treatments in a com-pletely randomized design,with 4 pigs per pen and 8 replicate pens per treatment.A corn-soybean meal diet and 2 basal diets based on corn and 10%CFP or corn and 20%CFP were *** additional diets were formu-lated by fortifying the basal diet with 20%CFP with Ile,Trp,Val,Ile and Val,Ile and Trp,Trp and Val,or Ile,Trp and Val.A two-phase feeding program was used,with d 1 to 14 being phase 1 and d 15 to 28 being phase *** scores were recorded every other *** samples were collected on d 14 and 28 from one pig per *** d 14,fecal samples were collected from one pig per pen in 3 of the 10 treatments to determine volatile fatty acids,ammonium concen-tration,and microbial *** pigs were also euthanized and ileal tissue was *** There were no effects of dietary treatments on any of the parameters evaluated in phase *** of 10%or 20%CFP in diets reduced(Pdy weight on d 28,and average daily gain(AdG)and average daily feed intake(AdFI)in phase 2 and for the entire experimental ***,pigs fed the CFP diet supplemented with Val,Ile,and Trp had final body weight,AdFI,AdG and gain to feed ratio in phase 2 and for the entire experiment that was not different from pigs fed the control *** scores in phase 2 were reduced(Pd protein may be included by up to 20%in diets for weanling pi

关键词： Branched-chain amino acids Corn fermented protein Leucine Tryptophan Valine Weanling pigs

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Alzheimer's disease and the immune system:the emerging role of TEMRA cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第12期20卷 3529-3530页

作者： Edric d.Winford Adam d.Bachstetter Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s disease and the Aging Brain Gertrude H.Sergievsky CenterDepartment of NeurologyCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA department of Neuroscience Sanders-Brown Center on AgingSpinal Cord and Brain Injury Research CenterUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA

Alzheimer's disease (Ad) is the most common form of dementia,affecting millions *** is cha racterized by progressive cognitive decline and changes in behavior and personality,attributed to neuropathological changes,su... 详细信息

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ tau

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Polyethylene glycol fusion repair of severed rat sciatic nerves reestablishes axonal continuity and reorganizes sensory terminal fields in the spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2095-2107页

作者： Emily A.Hibbard Liwen Zhou Cathy Z.Yang Karthik Venkudusamy Yessenia Montoya Alexa Olivarez George d.Bittner dale R.Sengelaub Program in Neuroscience Indiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA

Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically *** used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene glycol(PEG),to immediately fuse closely apposed open ends of severed proximal and distal axons in rat sciatic *** have previously reported that sciatic nerve axons repaired by PEG-fusion do not undergo Wallerian degeneration,and PEG-fused animals exhibit rapid(within 2–6 weeks)and extensive locomotor ***,our previous report showed that PEG-fusion of severed sciatic motor axons was non-specific,i.e.,spinal motoneurons in PEG-fused animals were found to project to appropriate as well as inappropriate target *** this study,we examined the consequences of PEG-fusion for sensory axons of the sciatic *** adult male and female rats(Sprague–dawley)received either a unilateral single cut or ablation injury to the sciatic nerve and subsequent repair with or without(Negative Control)the application of *** action potentials recorded immediately after PEG-fusion repair confirmed conduction across the injury *** success of PEG-fusion was confirmed through Sciatic Functional Index testing with PEG-fused animals showing improvement in locomotor function beginning at 35 days *** 2–42 days postoperatively,we anterogradely labeled sensory afferents from the dorsal aspect of the hindpaw following bilateral intradermal injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish ***-fusion repair reestablished axonal *** to unoperated animals,labeled sensory afferents ipsilateral to the injury in PEG-fused animals were found in the appropriate area of the dorsal horn,as well as inappropriate mediolateral and rostrocaudal ***,despite having intact peripheral nerves,similar reorganizations of labeled sensory afferents were also observed contralateral to the injury and repa

关键词： axotomy dorsal horn peripheral nerve injury plasticity polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve sensory terminals wheat germ agglutinin horseradish peroxidase

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distribution pattern and niche overlap of sympatric breeding birds alonghuman-modified habitat gradients in Inner Mongolia, China

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Avian Research 2025年第01期 11-20页

作者： Xi Yang Lishi Zhang Piotr Tryjanowski Frédéric Jiguet Zheng Han Haitao Wang School of Life Sciences Northeast Normal University College of Agricultural Hulunbuir University Animal's Scientific and Technological Institute Agricultural University of Jilin department of Zoology Poznan University of Life Sciences CESCO UMR7204 MNHN-CNRS-Sorbonne Université Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal University Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Avian Ecology and Conservation Genetics Northeast Normal University

The transformation of natural habitats into human-modified landscapes has far-reaching consequences for species distribution and abundance. As species adapt to these changing environments, shifts in distribution patterns,niche dynamics, and interspecies interactions may occur, impacting biodiversity at multiple levels and potentially leading to ecosystem imbalances. This study aims to assess the impact of variations in vegetation composition and human disturbance on the distribution of sympatric breeding birds and to determine the extent of niche overlap or differentiation among these species. We conducted field surveys and collected data on bird distribution, vegetation composition, and level of human disturbance in eastern Inner Mongolian grasslands. We focused on the six most frequently co-occurring breeding birds, representing a mix of sparrows, larks, and corvids. Generalized Additive Models revealed varying responses of species occurrence along habitat *** like the Eurasian Skylark(Alauda arvensis), Mongolian Lark(Melanocorypha mongolica), and Asian Shorttoed Lark(Calandrella cheleensis), increased in larger and more connected habitats, while others, like the Tree Sparrow(Passer montanus), Eurasian Magpie(Pica pica), and Barn Swallow(Hirundo rustica), adapted to more fragmented habitats. Niche analysis indicated habitat generalists tended to occupy larger niches than grassland specialists. Substantial niche overlap was also found among the six co-occurring bird species. Conservation efforts should consider the specific needs of specialist species and strive to maintain or restore critical grassland habitats. Additionally, promoting sustainable agricultural practices that balance the needs of birds and human activities can contribute to the coexistence of generalist and specialist bird species in modified landscapes.

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Performance of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots on Standardized Medical Examination Questions in Obstetrics & Gynecology

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2025年第1期15卷 1-9页

作者： Angelo Cadiente Natalia daFonte Jonathan d. Baum Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine Nutley NJ USA department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Jersey Shore University Medical Center Neptune NJ USA

Objective: This study assesses the quality of artificial intelligence chatbots in responding to standardized obstetrics and gynecology questions. Methods: Using ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, Bard, and Claude to respond to 20 standardized multiple choice questions on October 7, 2023, responses and correctness were recorded. A logistic regression model assessed the relationship between question character count and accuracy. For each incorrect question, an independent error analysis was undertaken. Results: ChatGPT-4.0 scored a 100% across both obstetrics and gynecology questions. ChatGPT-3.5 scored a 95% overall, earning an 85.7% in obstetrics and a 100% in gynecology. Claude scored a 90% overall, earning a 100% in obstetrics and an 84.6% in gynecology. Bard scored a 77.8% overall, earning an 83.3% in obstetrics and a 75% in gynecology and would not respond to two questions. There was no statistical significance between character count and accuracy. Conclusions: ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4.0 excelled in both obstetrics and gynecology while Claude performed well in obstetrics but possessed minor weaknesses in gynecology. Bard comparatively performed the worst and had the most limitations, leading to our support of the other artificial intelligence chatbots as preferred study tools. Our findings support the use of chatbots as a supplement, not a substitute for clinician-based learning or historically successful educational tools.

关键词： Large Language Models ChatGPT Bard Claude Medical Education

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Sensitivity of Solar Photovoltaic Panel Efficiency to Weather and dust over West Africa: Comparative Experimental Study between Niamey (Niger) and Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 2016年第4期5卷 123-147页

作者： Alima dajuma Saleye Yahaya Siaka Touré Arona diedhiou Rabani Adamou Abdourahamane konaré Mariama Sido Michel Golba WASCAL MRP Climate Change and Energy Université Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger Centre National d’Energie Solaire CNES Niamey Niger Laboratoire d’Energie Solaire Université Félix Houphouet Boigny Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire LTHE-IRd Université Grenoble-Alpes Grenoble France Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger Centre d’Excellence Africain en Changement Climatique Biodiversité et Agriculture Durable (CCBAD) Université Félix Houphouet Boigny Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Energy and Semiconductor Research Laboratory Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany

Energy demand is increasing while we are facing a depletion of fossils fuels, the main source of energy production in the world. These last years, photovoltaic (PV) system technologies are growing rapidly among alternative sources of energy to contribute to mitigation of climate change. However, PV system efficiency researches operating under West African weather conditions are nascent. The first objective of this study is to investigate the sensitivity of common monocrystalline PV efficiency to local meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity, solar radiation) in two contrasted cities over West Africa: Niamey (Niger) in a Sahelian arid area and Abidjan (Cote d’Ivoire) in atropical humid area. The second objective is to quantify the effect of dust accumulation on PV efficiency in Niamey (Niger). The preliminary results show that PV efficiency is more sensitive to high temperature change especially under Niamey climate conditions (warmer than Abidjan) where high ambient temperatures above 33°C lead to an important decrease of PV efficiency. Increase of relative humidity induces a decrease of PV efficiency in both areas (Niamey and Abidjan). A power loss up to 12.46% is observed in Niamey after 21 days of dust accumulation.

关键词： Solar Energy PV Efficiency Temperature dust Humidity Niamey Abidjan

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