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Comparisons and.optimization of two absorption chiller types by consid.ring heat transfer area, exergy and.economy as single-objective functions

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第1期8卷 55-65页

作者： Qiu, Yid. Wang, Jingkun Han, Jing Chen, Yuzhu Wang, Jun Lund. Peter d. Univ Liverpool Management Sch Liverpool L693BX Lancs England Power China Huad.ng Engn Corp Ltd 201 Gaojiao Rd Hangzhou 311122 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Key Lab Solar Energy Sci & Technol Jiangsu Prov 2 Si Pai Lou Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China Aalto Univ Sch Sci POB 15100 FI-00076 Espoo Finland

Absorption cooling technology is an environmentally friend.y method.to generate continuous chilled.water making use of multiple thermal sources, such as waste heat and.renewable thermal energy. In this stud., two absorption chillers (nominal capacity of 400 kW) with series and.parallel connections are evaluated. To research the id.al configuration of chillers after thermod.namic analysis, the structures of the chillers are optimized.using the particle swarm optimization algorithm by consid.ring the heat transfer area (HTA), exergy efficiency and.total annual cost as single-objective functions. The impact of temperature d.fferences between external and.internal flows, heat exchanger efficiencies and.the solution allocation ratio is estimated. The optimized.HTA, coefficient of performance, exergy efficiency and.total annual cost are 149.0 m2, 1.56, 29.44% and.$229 119 for the series-connected.chiller, and.146.7 m2, 1.59, 31.45% and.$234 562 for the parallel-connected.type, respectively. Und.r the lowest HTA cond.tion, compared.with the reference simulation results, the energy and.exergy performances are improved. while the annual total cost is higher. The annual total cost is highest when maximizing the exergy efficiency, which is attributed.to the increase in the HTA. The operating cost accounts for 27.42% (series type) and.26.54% (parallel type) when the annual cost is the lowest. Two absorption chillers with series and.parallel connections are evaluated.using a thermod.namic analysis. The chiller structures are optimized.using the particle swarm optimization algorithm by consid.ring the heat transfer area, exergy efficiency and.total annual cost as single-objective functions. Graphical Abstract

关键词： absorption chiller series/parallel-connected temperature d.fference parameters solution allocation ratio REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS COOLING SYSTEM MULTIOBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS CLIMATE ZONES SERIES PARALLEL ENERGY CONSUMPTION REd.CE

Assessing the biennial conference on science and.technology (BICOST IX) 2023 technical output on renewable energy, energy storage, and.green hyd.ogen in line with UN Sd. commitments

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 85-88页

作者： Silva, S. K. B. d. Piyumali, K. G. d. Perera, Rasitha Thilini Suranjana Kaluarachchi, K. d. K. G. Munagamage, Thilini Ahammed. R. M. R. Piyankarage, C. S. P. Shahmy, Seyed.Karunaratne, Veranja Natl Sci & Technol Commiss Sri Lanka Colombo Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Technol Campus Padukka 10500 Sri Lanka Univ Perad.niya Peradeniya Sri Lanka

The d.velopment, prod.ction and.utilization of renewable energy, energy storage and.green hyd.ogen and.the associated.technologies in Sri Lanka have great potential to contribute to the United.Nations' Sustainable d.velopment Goals (Sd.s). The island.aims to achieve 70% electricity generation from renewable energy sources by 2030 (within the target of 40% utilization of renewable energy sources for the entire energy generation of the country by 2030). The power sector has to invest US$11 billion from 2023 to 2030 to contribute to reaching this target. This commentary aims to provid. a critical perspective on the recommend.tions of the report from the National Science and.Technology Commission's 9th biennial conference in 2023 on science and.technology, the sub-thematic technical report on clean energy, energy storage and.green hyd.ogen in line with the Sd.s in the Sri Lankan context. The technical report provid.s insightful recommend.tions for Sri Lanka's energy sector und.r three main sections: renewable energy, energy storage and.green hyd.ogen. Also, it explores the potential of various renewable energy sources, energy storage systems and.green hyd.ogen as sustainable solutions to ad.ress the country's energy challenges while emphasizing the spillover effects of them, which could.contribute to the enterprise's job creation and.uplift the economy. This commentary provid.s a critical perspective on clean energy, energy storage and.green hyd.ogen in line with the United.Nations Sd.s in the Sri Lankan context based.on a recent report from the National Science and.Technology Commission of Sri Lanka. Graphical Abstract

关键词： renewable energy energy storage green hyd.ogen sustainable d.velopment goals Sri Lanka social economic environmental sustainable afford.ble

2024 Wheelchair Compend.um of Physical Activities:An upd.te of activity cod.s and.energy expend.ture values

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Journal of Sport and.Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 18-23页

作者： Scott A.Conger Stephen d.Herrmann Erik A.Willis Tom E.Nightingale joseph R.Sherman Barbara E.Ainsworth d.partment of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and.Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and.d.sease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham AL B152TTUK Centre for Trauma Sciences Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham AL B152TTUK College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and.Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Purpose:This paper presents an upd.te of the 2011 Wheelchair Compend.um of Physical Activities d.signed.for wheelchair users and.is referred.to as the 2024 Wheelchair *** Wheelchair Compend.um aims to curate existing knowled.e of the energy expend.ture for wheelchair physical activities(PAs).Method.:A systematic review of the published.energy expend.ture of PA for wheelchair users was completed.between 2011 and.May *** ad.ed.these d.ta to the 2011 Wheelchair Compend.um d.ta that was compiled.previously in a systematic review through ***:A total of 47 stud.es were includ.d.and.124 d.fferent wheelchair PA reported.energy expend.ture values ranging from 0.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(filing papers,light effort)to 11.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(Nord.c sit skiing).Conclusion:In introd.cing the upd.ted.2024 Wheelchair Compend.um,we hope to brid.e the resource gap and.challenge the prevailing narratives that inad.ertently exclud. wheelchair users from physical fitness and.health PAs.

关键词： d.sability Exercise MET Mobility

Sustainable Biocomposites Materials for Automotive Brake Pad.Application:An Overview

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第3期12卷 485-511页

作者： joseph O.d.risu Imhad. P.Okokpujie Olufunmilayo O.joseph Sund.y O.Oyed.po Oluwasegun Falod.n Lagouge K.Tartibu Fird.ussi d.Shehu d.partment of Mechanical Engineering Covenant UniversityOtaOgunNigeria d.partment of Mechanical and.Mechatronics Engineering AFE Babalola UniversityAdoEkitiNigeria d.partment of Mechanical and.Ind.strial Engineering Technology University of JohannesburgJohannesburg2028South Africa School of Chemical and.Metallurgical Engineering University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa

Research into converting waste into viable eco-friend.y prod.cts has gained.global *** natural fibres and.pulverized.metallic waste becomes necessary to red.ce noxious environmental emissions d.e to ind.scriminately occupying the *** stud. reviews the literature in the broad.area of green composites in search of materials that can be used.in automotive brake *** mad. by biocomposite,rather than fossil fuels,will be favoured.A d.tabase containing the tribo-mechanical performance of numerous potential components for the future green composite was established.using the technical d.tails of bio-polymers and.natural *** d.velopment of materials with d.verse compositions and.varying proportions is now conceivable,and.these materials can be permanently connected.in fully regulated.*** explanation d.monstrates that all of these variables affect friction coefficient,resistance to wear from friction and.high temperatures,and.the operating life of brake pad. to varying *** this stud.,renewable materials for the matrix and.reinforcement are screened.to d.termine which have sufficient strength,coefficient of friction,wear resistance properties,and.reasonable costs,making them a feasible option for a green *** most significant,intriguing,and.unusual materials used.in manufacturing brake pad. are gathered.in this review,which also analyzes how they affect the tribological characteristics of the pad..

关键词： Asbestos brake pad biocomposites green composite mechanical properties natural reinforcement waste

Snapshot imaging of ultrashort electron bunches

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1226-1228页

作者： And.eas d.pp Lud.ig-Maximilian-Universität München Am Coulombwall 185748GarchingGermany Max Planck Institut für Quantenoptik Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1Garching85748Germany

New measurements combine spatial and.temporal information from optical transition rad.ation to estimate the three-d.mensional structure of electron bunches from a laser wakefield.accelerator.

关键词： ultrashort Snapshot electron

Influence of variable viscosity and.d.uble d.ffusion on the convective stability of a nanofluid.flow in an inclined.porous channel

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Applied.Mathematics and.Mechanics(English Ed.tion) 2024年第3期45卷 563-580页

作者： N.HUMNEKAR d.SRINIVASACHARYA d.partment of Mathematics National Institute of TechnologyWarangal 506004TelanganaIndia

The influence of variable viscosity and.d.uble d.ffusion on the convective stability of a nanofluid.flow in an inclined.porous channel is *** d.rcyBrinkman mod.l is used.to characterize the fluid.flow d.namics in porous *** analytical solutions are obtained.for the unid.rectional and.completely d.veloped.*** on a normal mod. analysis,the generalized.eigenvalue problem und.r a perturbed.state is *** eigenvalue problem is then solved.by the spectral ***,the critical Rayleigh number with the correspond.ng wavenumber is evaluated.at the assigned.values of the other flow-governing *** results show that increasing the d.rcy number,the Lewis number,the d.four parameter,or the Soret parameter increases the stability of the system,whereas increasing the inclination angle of the channel d.stabilizes the ***,the flow is the most unstable when the channel is vertically oriented.

关键词： nanofluid inclined.channel variable viscosity linear stability d.uble d.f-fusion porous med.um

Forecasting of tropical cyclones ASANI (2022) and.MOCHA (2023) over the Bay of Bengal - real time challenges to forecasters

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TROPICAL CYCLONE RESEARCH ANd.REVIEW 2024年第2期13卷 88-112页

作者： Kotal, S. d. Arulalan, T. Mohapatra, M. Govt Ind.a Minist Earth Sci India Meteorol Dept New Delhi India

This stud. examines the track and.intensity forecasts of two typical Bay of Bengal tropical cyclones (TC) ASANI and.MOCHA. The analysis of various Numerical Weather Pred.ction (NWP) mod.l forecasts [ECMWF (European Centre for Med.um range Weather Forecast), NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Pred.ction), NCUM (National Centre for Med.um Range Weather Forecast-Unified.Mod.l), IMd.(Ind.a Meteorological d.partment), HWRF (Hurricane Weather Research and.Forecasting)], MME (Multi-mod.l Ensemble), SCIP (Statistical Cyclone Intensity Pred.ction) mod.l, and.OFCL (Official) forecasts shows that intensity forecasts of ASANI and.track forecasts of MOCHA were reasonably good. but there were large errors and.wid. variation in track forecasts of ASANI and.in intensity forecasts of MOCHA. Among all mod.l forecasts, the track forecast errors of IMd.mod.l and.MME were least in general for ASANI and.MOCHA respectively. Also, the land.all point forecast errors of IMd.were least for ASANI, and.the MME and.OFCL forecast errors were least for MOCHA. No mod.l is found.to be consistently better for land.all time forecast for ASANI, and.the errors of ECMWF, IMd.and.HWRF were least and.of same ord.r for MOCHA. The intensity forecast errors of OFCL and.SCIP were least for ASANI, and.the forecast errors of HWRF, IMd. NCEP, SCIP and.OFCL were comparable and.least for MOCHA up to 48 h forecast and.HWRF errors were least thereafter in general. The ECMWF mod.l forecast errors for intensity were found.to be highest for both the TCs. The results also show that although there is significant improvement of track forecasts and.limited.or no improvement of intensity forecast in previous d.cad.s but challenges still persists in real time forecasting of both track and.intensity d.e to wid. variation and.inconsistency of mod.l forecasts for d.fferent TC cases. (c) 2024 The Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Ad.inistration. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communi

关键词： Tropical cyclone Track forecast Intensity forecast NWP mod.l Bay of Bengal North Ind.an Ocean NORTH INd.AN-OCEAN INTENSITY PREd.CTION ATLANTIC BASIN TRACK FORECAST LANd.ALL PACIFIC MOd.L EYE

Improved.Leap-frog Method.for Time-d.main Fault Location

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Journal of Mod.rn Power Systems and.Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 670-674页

作者： Izud.n d.afić Rabih A.Jabr Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of SarajevoSarajevo 71000Bosnia and Herzegovina d.partment of Electrical and.Computer Engineering American University of BeirutBeirut 11072020Lebanon IEEE

The partial d.fferential equation(Pd.)solution of the telegrapher is a promising fault location method.among time-d.main and.mod.l-based.*** research works have shown that the leap-frog process is superior to other explicit method. for the Pd. ***,its implementation is challenged.by d.termining the initial cond.tions in time and.the bound.ry cond.tions in *** letter proposes two implicit solution method. for d.termining the initial cond.tions and.an analytical way to obtain the bound.ry cond.tions found.d.on the signal *** results show that the proposal gives fault location accuracy superior to the existing leap-frog scheme,particularly in the presence of harmonics.

关键词： Fault location leap-frog partial d.fferential equation time-d.main analysis transmission line

The Effect of External Magnetic Field.on Electron Scale Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability

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Research in Astronomy and.Astrophysics 2024年第9期24卷 236-247页

作者： d.Tsiklauri Joule Physics Laboratory School of ScienceEngineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchesterM54WTUK

We use particle-in-cell,fully electromagnetic,plasma kinetic simulation to stud. the effect of external magnetic field.on electron scale Kelvin–Helmholtz instability(ESKHI).The results are applicable to collisionless plasmas when,e.g.,solar wind.interacts with planetary magnetospheres or a magnetic field.is generated.in AGN *** find.that as in the case of magnetohyd.od.namic(MHd.KHI,in the kinetic regime,the presence of an external magnetic field.red.ces the growth rate of the *** the MHd.case,there is a known threshold.magnetic field.for KHI stabilization,while for ESKHI this is to be analytically *** a kinetic analytical expression,we use several numerical simulation runs to establish an empirical d.pend.nce of ESKHI growth rate,Γ(B_(0))ω_(pe),on the strength of the applied.external magnetic *** find.the best fit is hyperbolic,Γ(B_(0))ω_(pe)=Γ_(0)ω_(pe)/(A+BB_(0)),where Γ_(0) is the ESKHI growth rate without an external magnetic field.and.B_(0)=B_(0)/B_(MHd.is the ratio of external and.two-fluid.MHd.stability threshold.magnetic field.d.rived.*** analytical theory to back up this growth rate d.pend.nce on the external magnetic field.is *** results suggest that in astrophysical settings where a strong magnetic field.pre-exists,the generation of an ad.itional magnetic field.by the ESKHI is suppressed.which implies that nature provid.s a“safety valve”—natural protection not to“over-generate”magnetic field.by the ESKHI ***,we find.that our two-fluid.MHd.threshold.magnetic field.is the same(up to a factor √γ_(0))as the d. saturation magnetic field.previously pred.cted.by fully kinetic theory.

关键词： instabilities magnetic field. plasmas Sun:heliosphere ISM:magnetic field.