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Palliative long-term abdominal drains vs large volume paracenteses for the management of refractory ascites in end-stage liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 428-438页

作者： Senamjit Kaur Rodrigo v Motta Bryony Chapman victoria Wharton Jane d Collier Francesca Saffioti Oxford Liver Unit Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom Oxford Liver Unit and Translational Gastroenterology Unit Nuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUNd Long-term abdominal drains(LTAd)are a cost-effective palliative measure to manage malignant ascites in the community,but their use in patients with end-stage chronic liver disease and refractory ascites is not routine *** safety and cost-effectiveness of LTAd are currently being studied in this setting,with preliminary positive *** hypothesised that palliative LTAd are as effective and safe as repeat palliative large volume paracentesis(LvP)in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites and may offer advantages in patients’quality of *** To compare the effectiveness and safety of palliative LTAd and LvP in refractory ascites secondary to end-stage chronic liver *** A retrospective,observational cohort study comparing the effectiveness and safety outcomes of palliative LTAd and regular palliative LvP as a treatment for refractory ascites in consecutive patients with end-stage chronic liver disease followed-up at our United Kingdom tertiary centre between 2018 and 2022 was ***’s exact tests and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare qualitative and quantitative variables,***-Meier survival estimates were generated to stratify time-related outcomes according to the type of *** Thirty patients had a total of 35 indwelling abdominal drains and nineteen patients underwent regular *** baseline characteristics were similar between the *** antibiotics were more frequently prescribed in patients with LTAd(P=0.012),while the incidence of peritonitis did not differ between the two groups(P=0.46).The incidence of acute kidney injury(P=0.014)and ascites/drain-related hospital admissions(P=0.004)were significantly higher in the LvP *** overall survival was similar in the two groups(log-rank P=0.26),but the endpoint-free survival was significantly shorter in the LvP group(P=0.003,Pdrain-related admission,acute kidney injury and drain

关键词： decompensated liver cirrhosis Indwelling abdominal catheter Rocket drain Palliative care Safety Quality of life

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Measurement of yields and angular distributions ofγ-quanta from the interaction of 14.1 Mev neutrons with oxygen,phosphorus,and sulfur

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 79-92页

作者： d.N.Grozdanov N.A.Fedorov S.B.dabylova Yu.N.Kopatch I.N.Ruskov v.R.Skoy T.Yu.Tretyakova C.Hramco P.I.Kharlamov G.v.Pampushik P.G.Filonchik A.v.Andreev Joint Institute for Nuclear Research(JINR) DubnaRussia Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University AstanaKazakhstan Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Institute of Chemistry of Moldova ChisinauRepublic of Moldova Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology MoscowRussia

A study of the inelastic scattering of neutrons with an energy of 14.1 Mev on the nuclei of oxygen,phosphorus,and sulfur was performed at the TANGRA facility at JINR(dubna).The experiment aimed to refine existing data and obtain new data on the yields and angular distributions ofγ-quanta emitted by the studied nuclei due to neutron-induced nuclear reactions using the tagged neutron *** types of detector systems were used to registerγ-***γ-ray yields were measured using a high-purity germanium(HPGe)*** angular distributions ofγ-rays were obtained using a system of 18 scintillation detectors based on bismuth germanite Bi_(4)Ge_(3)O_(12)(BGO)located around the *** performed experiments measured the yields of two transitions for the reaction of tagged neutrons with 16O,nine transitions for the reaction with ^(31)P,and nine transitions for the reaction with ^(32)S for the first *** angular anisotropy of theγ-radiation accompanying the inelastic scattering of neutrons with an energy of 14.1 Mev on ^(31)P nuclei was also measured for the first time.

关键词： tagged neutron method yields of gamma-quanta high-resolution gamma-spectrometry neutron-nuclear reactions neutron scattering

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Assessment of sediment connectivity using modelling and field-based approaches in the Slavíč River catchment(MoravskoslezskéBeskydy Mts,Czech Republic)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 734-753页

作者： MACUROvÁ Tereza ŠKARPICH václav department of Physical Geography and Geoecology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of OstravaChittussiho 1071000 OstravaCzech Republic

Mountain streams act as conveyors of sediments within the river continuum,where the physical transport of sediments between river reaches through the catchment or between individual parts(e.g.,between hillslopes and channels)of the catchment is *** study focused on sediment connectivity analysis in the SlavíčRiver catchment in the MoravskoslezskéBeskydy Mts in the eastern part of the Czech *** connectivity index and connectivity index target modelling were combined with an analysis of anthropogenic ***,field mapping,grain size of bed sediments and stream power analysis were used to obtain information about connectivity in the *** on the analysis and obtained results,terrain topography is the current main driving factor affecting the connectivity of sediment movement in the SlavíčRiver ***,the modelling provided valuable information about high sediment connectivity despite different recent land use conditions(highly forested area of the catchment)than those in historical times from the 16th to 19th centuries when the SlavíčRiver catchment was highly deforested and sediment connectivity was probably *** analysis of anthropogenic interventions,field mapping,grain size of bed sediments and stream power analysis revealed more deceleration of sediment movement through the catchment,decreased sediment connectivity with bed erosion,and gradual river channel process transformation in some *** mapping has identified various natural formations and human-induced changes impacting the longitudinal and lateral connectivity in the Slavíč*** instance,embankments along 48%of the river's length,both on the right and left banks,significantly hinder lateral sediment supply to the *** power index analysis indicates increased energy levels in the flowing water in the river's upper reaches(up to 404.8 W m^(-2)).This high energy is also observed in certain downstream sections(up to 337.6 W

关键词： Mountain stream Connectivity analysis Modelling Grain size analysis SlavíčRiver MoravskoslezskéBeskydy Mts

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Laboratory evaluation of toxicity of selected insecticides against egg and larval stages of cotton pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 15-28页

作者： BUSNOOR Abhishek v. WAdASKAR R.M. FANd Babasaheb B. TAMBE v.J. PILLAI T. MAHULE d.J. NAGRARE v.S. PRASAd Y.G. Entomology Section College of Agriculture(Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth)Nagpur 440001MaharashtraIndia Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Cotton Research Nagpur 441108MaharashtraIndia

Background The cryptic nature of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)larvae enables its reduced vul-nerability to insecticidal ***,the development of resistance against Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)toxins posed a serious threat to transgenic cotton *** necessitated determining the critical timing of spray applications on the control *** study assessed the influence of egg age(freshly laid ***-day-old)and the loca-tion of larvae(directly exposed to the insecticide residues on the boll rind *** inside the bolls)on insecticide control *** The results revealed a significant decrease in the ovicidal activity of tested insecticides with an increase in the age of eggs from one day old to three days old(paired t-test,Pvae directly exposed to the insec-ticide residues on the boll rind were more susceptible(>80%mortality)than the larvae exposed after they had bur-rowed inside the bolls(d insecticides on developmental biology were more pronounced in the experiment on pre-larval release insecticide treatment compared with insecticide treatment given post-larval release and entry inside the *** Egg age influences the insecticide susceptibility,as does the larval location,directly exposed vs bur-rowed inside the *** eggs and the larvae that had burrowed inside the green bolls of cotton were relatively less susceptible to the insecticide *** toxic effects of insecticides on egg and larval stages were primar-ily *** findings are significant for devising a comprehensive strategy for pink bollworm management on a sustainable basis.

关键词： Bioefficacy Cotton Insecticides Pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella Timings of spray

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Conformally symmetric wormhole solutions supported by non-commutative geometry in f(Q,T)gravity

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 111-124页

作者： Chaitra Chooda Chalavadi v venkatesha N S Kavya S v divya Rashmi department of P.G.Studies and Research in Mathematics Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghattaShivamogga 577451KarnatakaIndia department of Mathematics Vidyavardhaka College of EngineeringMysuru—570002India

This paper investigates wormhole solutions within the framework of extended symmetric teleparallel gravity,incorporating non-commutative geometry,and conformal *** achieve this,we examine the linear wormhole model with anisotropic fluid under Gaussian and Lorentzian *** primary objective is to derive wormhole solutions while considering the influence of the shape function on model parameters under Gaussian and Lorentzian *** resulting shape function satisfies all the necessary conditions for a traversable ***,we analyze the characteristics of the energy conditions and provide a detailed graphical discussion of the matter contents via energy ***,we explore the effect of anisotropy under Gaussian and Lorentzian ***,we present our conclusions based on the obtained results.

关键词： traversable wormhole f(Q T)gravity energy conditions non-commutative geometry conformal motion

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Boosting propane dehydrogenation by gallium hydride species formed in situ

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 1753-1755页

作者： Evgenii v.Kondratenko Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.v. Albert-Einstein-Str.29aRostock18059Germany

An inspiring paper recently published in Nature Chemistry[1]by the group of *** Gong at Tianjin University is the motivation for this highlight *** reported results show that the understanding of reaction-induced restructuring of heterogeneous catalysts is of great importance for their targeted development because usually unstable compounds can be formed and stabilized under reaction conditions.

关键词： conditions hydride stabilized

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Unveiling the atomic-scale transition between light harvesting and photoprotective states in plant photosynthesis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1375-1377页

作者： Alexander v.Ruban School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK

Non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching(NPQ) stands as a cornerstone in the realm of photosynthesis research, attracting generations of dedicated scientists in their quest to unravel its mysteries. This mechanism, crucial for safeguarding photosynthesis, plays a pivotal role in regulating light harvesting, particularly in oxygenic photosynthesis where the oxygen-evolving photosystem II (PSII)is susceptible to photodamage [1].

关键词： harvesting protective attracting

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MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of schizophrenia and influence of antipsychotic treatment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1523-1531页

作者： Bridget Martinez Philip v.Peplow department of Pharmacology University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA department of Medicine University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA department of Anatomy University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand

Chara cterized by positive symptoms(such as changes in behavior or thoughts,including delusions and hallu cinations),negative symptoms(such as apathy,anhedonia,and social withdrawal),and cognitive impairments,schizophrenia is a chro nic,severe,and disabling mental disorder with late adolescence or early adulthood onset,Antipsychotics are the most commonly used drugs to treat schizophrenia,but those currently in use do not fully reverse all three types of symptoms characte rizing this *** is frequently misdiagnosed,resulting in a delay of or inappropriate *** expression of microRNAs is connected to brain development and disease and could provide novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of *** recent studies reviewed included microRNA profiling in blood-and urine-based materials and nervous tissue mate *** the studies that had validated the preliminary findings,potential candidate biomarkers for schizophrenia in adults could be miR-22-3p,-30e-5p,-92a-3p,-148b-5p,-181a-3p,-181a-5p,-181b-5p,-199 b-5p,-137 in whole blood,and miR-130b,-193a-3p in blood *** treatment of schizophrenia patients was found to modulate the expression of certain microRNAs including miR-130b,-193a-3p,-132,-195,-30e,-432 in blood *** studies are warranted with adolescents and young adults having schizophrenia and consideration should be given to using animal models of the disorder to investigate the effect of suppressing or overexpressing specific microRNAs.

关键词： antipsychotics biomarkers blood exosomes blood plasma brain tissue exosomes brain tissues leukocytes microRNAs neural stem cells olfactory neuroepithelium schizophrenia whole blood

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MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 557-562页

作者： Bridget Martinez Philip v.Peplow department of Pharmacology University of Nevada-RenoRenoUSA department of Medicine University of Nevada-RenoRenoUSA department of Anatomy University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand

Inappropriate levels of hyperactivity,impulsivity,and inattention characterize attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,a common childhood-onset neuropsychiatric *** cognitive function and learning ability of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are affected,and these symptoms may persist to adulthood if they are not *** diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is only based on symptoms and objective tests for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are *** for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children include medications,behavior therapy,counseling,and education services which can relieve many of the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder but cannot cure *** is a need for a molecular biomarker to distinguish attention deficit hyperactivity disorder from healthy subjects and other neurological conditions,which would allow for an earlier and more accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment to be *** expression of microRNAs is connected to brain development and disease and could provide novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of attention deficit hyperactivity *** recent studies reviewed had performed microRNA profiling in whole blood,white blood cells,blood plasma,and blood serum of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.A large number of microRNAs were dysregulated when compared to healthy controls and with some overlap between individual *** the studies that had included a validation set of patients and controls,potential candidate biomarkers for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children could be miR-140-3p,let-7g-5p,-30e-5p,-223-3p,-142-5p,-486-5p,-151a-3p,-151a-5p,and-126-5p in total white blood cells,and miR-4516,-6090,-4763-3p,-4281,-4466,-101-3p,-130a-3p,-138-5p,-195-5p,and-106b-5p in blood *** studies are warranted with children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,and

关键词： adults attention deficit hyperactivity disorder biomarkers blood plasma blood serum children microRNA total white blood cells whole blood

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Cluster Analysis of the Roma-BZCAT Blazars

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第5期24卷 117-139页

作者： dmitry O.Kudryavtsev Yulia v.Sotnikova vladislav A.Stolyarov Timur v.Mufakharov valery v.vlasyuk Margarita L.Khabibullina Alexander G.Mikhailov Yulia v.Cherepkova Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences Nizhny Arkhyz 369167Russia Astrophysics Group Cavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB3 OHEUK Kazan Federal University 18 Kremlyovskaya StKazan 420008Russia

Based on the collected multiwavelength data, namely in the radio(NvSS, FIRST, RATAN-600), IR(WISE),optical(Pan-STARRS), Uv(GALEX), and X-ray(ROSAT, Swift-XRT) ranges, we have performed a cluster analysis for the blazars of the Roma-BZCAT catalog. Using two machine learning methods, namely a combination of PCA with k-means clustering and Kohonen's self-organizing maps(SOMs), we have constructed an independent classification of the blazars(five classes) and compared the classes with the known Roma-BZCAT classification(FSRQs, BL Lacs, galaxy-dominated BL Lacs, and blazars of an uncertain type) as well as with the high synchrotron peaked(HSP) blazars from the 3HSP catalog and blazars from the TevCat catalog. The obtained groups demonstrate concordance with the BL Lac/FSRQ classification along with a continuous character of the change in the properties. The group of HSP blazars stands out against the overall distribution. We examine the characteristics of the five groups and demonstrate distinctions in their spectral energy distribution shapes. The effectiveness of the clustering technique for objective analysis of multiparametric arrays of experimental data is demonstrated.

关键词： methods data analysis-galaxies active-(galaxies:)BL Lacertae objects general

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