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Nano–Bio Interactions of Extracellular Vesicles with Gold Nanoislands for Early Cancer diagnosis

Research 2018年第1期2018卷 105-114页

作者： S.Bathini d.raju S.Badilescu A.Kumar R.J.Ouellette A.Ghosh M.Packirisamy Optical Bio-Microsystems Laboratory Department of Mechanical Industrial and Aerospace EngineeringConcordia UniversityMontrealCanada Atlantic Cancer Research Institute MonctonNew BrunswickCanada

Extracellular vesicles or exosomes are membrane encapsulated biological nanometric particles secreted virtually by all types of cells throughout the animal *** carry a cargo of active molecules to proximal and distal cells of the body as mechanism of physiological communication,to maintain natural homeostasis as well as pathological *** carry a tremendous potential for liquid biopsy and therapeutic ***,there is a global demand for simple and robust exosome isolation methods amenable to point-of-care diagnosis and quality control of therapeutic exosome *** can be achieved by molecular profling of the exosomes for use with specifc sets of molecular-markers for diagnosis and quality *** biopsy is undoubtedly the most promising diagnosis process to advance“personalized medicine.”Currently,liquid biopsy is based on circulating cancer cells,cell free-dNA,or *** potentially provide promise for early-stage diagnostic possibility;in order to facilitate superior diagnosis and isolation of exosomes,a novel platform is developed to detect and capture them,based on localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR)of gold nanoislands,through strong afnity between exosomes and peptide called Venceremin or *** modeling,based on the characteristics of the gold nanoislands and the bioentities involved in the sensing,is also developed to determine the detection capability of the platform,which is optimized experimentally at each *** results and modeling present a relationship between the plasmonic shif and the concentration of exosomes and,essentially,indicate possibilities for label-free early diagnosis.

关键词： diagnosis carry doubt

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Structural,morphological,optical and antibacterial performances of rare earth(Sm)-doped ZnO nanorods

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第11期42卷 2119-2127页

作者： A.Ravi J.Samuel S.Sahaya Jude dhas S.Usharani Turibius Simon d.Senthil Kumar S.K.Jasmin Vijitha A.Sivakumar raju Suresh Kumar C.S.Biju department of Physics University College of Engineering department of Physics and Research Centre Malankara Catholic College Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha University department of Chemistry S.I.V.E.T College department of Biotechnology Vivekanandha College of Arts and Science for Woman (Autonomous) department of Physics Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology department of Physics & Research Centre Muslim Arts College Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth's Interior Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud University department of Physics St. Alphonsa College of Arts and Science

The significant rise of ultra-violet（UV） radiation and pathogenic infectious bacteria poses a serious threat to global *** researchers' interests are attracted by novel materials with strong UVblocking ability,antibacterial activity and low toxicity to other *** this case,a simple wet chemical method with different annealing temperatures（400,500,and 600℃） was employed to create highly effective rare earth（Sm）-doped ZnO ***（101） plane of wurtzite ZnO shifts towards a lower angle with increasing annealing temperature,according to the X-ray diffraction（XRd） study findings,which additionally establishes the consequence of lattice *** of doublet peaks of Sm 3d(Sm 3d5/2and Sm 3d3/2) in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） spectrum clearly validates the substitution of Sm3+ions in the 500℃-annealed *** 500℃-annealed nanorods exhibit combined performances of the wide band gap,improved UV absorbance,and vivid green luminescent emission（563 nm）.Additio nally,the nanorods have favorable UV-blocking execution of 96% for UVA at 360 nm,92% for UVB at 320 nm,and 57% for UVC at 225 nm,which is greater than the majority of ZnO-related materials that have been reported up to this *** doping is also appropriate for improving bacterial inhibition against the two studied strains（Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus）,in addition to the intriguing features discussed ***,with maximum inhibition zone diameters of 20±0.72 and 18±0.57 mm,respectively,these nanorods exhibit high inhibitory action against *** and *** bacterial *** rare earth-doped material developed during the current experiment,which was annealed at 500℃,could potentially serve as an effective replacement for UV-blocking and antibacterial material,especially for biomedical applications.

关键词： Wet chemical method rare earth doping Metal oxide UV-Shielding Bacterial inhibition

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High Strain-Rate and Shock Response of Carbon SupercompositeTM

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2024年第3期14卷 132-145页

作者： Suman Babu Ukyam raju P. Mantena damian L. Stoddard Arunachalam M. Rajendran department of Mechanical Engineering University of Mississippi Mississippi USA

This study focuses on assessing the dynamic behaviors of carbon SupercompositeTM laminates when subjected to high strain-rates and air blast loads, using a shock tube for testing. The investigation aims to understand the response of these advanced materials under extreme conditions, which is crucial for applications in aerospace, military, and other high-performance industries. SupercompositeTM (CZE) prepreg, made up of a 3K plain weave carbon fabric with milled carbon fibers as interlaminar reinforcements impregnated with epoxy, is used to create SupercompositeTM (CZE) laminates. A woven carbon composite (CBE) laminate was also created using 3K plain weave Carbon/Epoxy (CBE) prepreg. Both types of laminates were designed and fabricated using the autoclave process. The dynamic behaviors of CZE and CBE laminate under transverse compression loads were evaluated using a modified Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB). The study found that the 3d reinforcement with milled carbon fibers significantly affected the dynamic behavior of the CZE laminate. Stereo imaging videos, captured using two SHIMAdZU high-speed video cameras in shock tube experiments, recorded the time history of back surface deflection. The plate specimens exhibited low deflections without any visible damage. The experimentally observed center point deflections of the CZE plates decayed sooner than those of the CBE laminates, indicating an improvement in damping due to the presence of 3d reinforced milled carbon fibers. This research shows that optimized utilization of milled carbon fibers as 3d reinforcement can withstand high stress in the thickness direction and higher energy absorption when subjected to impact and high strain-rate loading.

关键词： SupercompositeTM GOM Software 3d Reinforcement Milled Carbon Fibers Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) Air-Blast Loads

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Application of geospatial modelling technique in delineation of fluoride contamination zones within dwarka Basin, Birbhum, India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第5期8卷 1105-1114页

作者： raju Thapa Srimanta Gupta d.V.Reddy department of Environmental Science The University of Burdwan Burdwan 713104 West Bengal India CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute Hyderabad 500007 Telangana India

dwarka River Basin is one of the fluoride affected river basin in Birbhum, West Bengal. In the present research work, various controlling factors for fluoride contamination in groundwater i.e., geology, aquifer type, groundwater table, soil, rainfall, geomorphology, drainage density, land use land cover, lineament and fault density, slope and elevation were considered to delineate the potential fluoride contamination zones within dwarka River Basin in Birbhum. Assigning weights and ranks to various inputs factor class and their sub-class respectively was carried out on the basis of knowledge driven method. Weighted overlay analysis was carried out to generate the final potential fluoride contamination zones which are classified into two broad classes i.e., 'high' and 'low', and it is observed that major portion of the study area falls under low fluoride contamination category encompassing 88.61% of the total area which accounts for 759.48 km^2 and high fluoride contaminated region accounts for 11.40% of the total study area encompassing an area of about 97.67 km^2. Majority of high fluoride areas fall along the flood plain of dwarka River Basin. Finally, for validation 197 reported points within dwarka having fluoride in underground water are overlaid and an overall accuracy of 92.15% is observed. An accuracy of 83.21% and84.24% is obtained for success and prediction rate curve respectively.

关键词： Fluoride Groundwater Weighted overlay method Potential fluoride contamination zone dwarka Basin India

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Assessment of Cross-coupling Effects in PV String-integrated-converters with P&O MPPT Algorithm Under Various Partial Shading Patterns

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第4期8卷 1013-1028页

作者： Suneel raju Pendem Suresh Mikkili the Electrical and Electronics Engineering department National Institute of Technology GoaPonda 403401India

A signifcant challenge in the progress and development of Building-Integrated-Photovoltaic(B-I-PV)systems is concerned with the extraction of maximum power from PV *** PV system archtecture is an essential feature to extract the maximum *** conventional PV-centralinverter architecture consists of various connections among the PV modules,which are sensitive to shading effects and pro-duces mismatching power loss under partial shading conditions(PSCs),Hence,photovoltaic-distributed-maximum power point tracking(PV-d-MPPT)architecture has been proposed to extract the maximum ***-1 d-MPPT architecture,the output terminals of dC-dC converters are connected either in series or parallel *** main limitation of the series configuration in open-loop MPPT control is the crosscoupling *** of cross-coupling effects,the maximum-power-point(M-P-P)operation of shaded PV modules is lost under *** lost in M-P-P operation of shaded PV module also affects the unshaded modules M-P-P *** crosscoupling ffeets,the dC-dC converters are consuming the power instead of delivering to the *** the research activity,there are hardly any papers presenting a clear,comprehensive and mathematical analysis on the existence of cross-couplings in PV string-integrated-converters(S-1-Cs).This article presents a mathematical analysis and also explains the conditions for the existent of cross-coupling *** experimental results also validate with the mathematically analysed *** article also discusses the modeling of the two-diode model of PV module,design of boost type S-1C,and the Perturb and Observe(P&O)MPPT algorithm implementation.

关键词： Cross-coupling ffects mismatching power loss partial shading conditions(PSCs) PV-central-inverter architecture PV-d-MPPT architecture S-I-Cs series configuration

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Kinetic-theory-based investigation of electronegative plasma–wall transition with two populations of electrons

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Plasma Science and Technology 2021年第3期23卷 11-21页

作者： Suresh BASNET Atit dEUJA raju KHANAL Central department of Physics Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipurKathmandu 44613Nepal

Kinetic theory has been employed to investigate the magnetized plasma-sheath structure and its characteristics in the presence of more than one species of negatively charged particles:hot electrons,cold electrons,and negative *** cold electrons and negative ions are considered to obey a Maxwellian distribution,whereas the hot electrons follow a truncated Maxwellian *** Bohm sheath condition has been extended for the case of more than one species of negatively charged particles,in which the concentration of hot electrons has a crucial role in achieving the Bohm *** thermal motion of hot electrons is much higher compared to cold electrons and negative ions,such that the variation of hot electron concentrations and the temperature ratio of hot to cold electrons play a key role in the determination of the plasma-sheath parameters:particle densities,electrostatic potential,the flow of positive ions towards the wall,and sheath *** have estimated the deviation of the resultant drift velocity of positive ions on the plane perpendicular to the wall from the parallel component at the presheath–sheath *** is found that the deviation between the two velocity components increases with an increase in the obliqueness of the magnetic ***,the results obtained from the kinetic trajectory simulation model are compared with the results obtained using a fluid model;the results are qualitatively similar,although the potential varies by less than 4%in terms of the magnitude at the wall.

关键词： Bohm velocity fluid theory plasma sheath electronegative plasmas

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Computational Fluid dynamics Study of a Compound Flow Field for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell(PEMFC) Performance Enhancement

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第6期31卷 2374-2384页

作者： Venkateswarlu VELISALA Gandhi PULLAGURA Naveen Kumar CHINNAM raju GANTA Automobile Engineering Section Damacharla Anjaneyulu Government PolytechnicOngole 523002Andhra PradeshIndia GITAM Institute of Technology Visakhapatnam 530045Andhra PradeshIndia Vishnu Institute of Technology Bhimavaram 534202Andhra PradeshIndia BVC Engineering College Odalarevu 533210Andhra PradeshIndia

The aim of the present work is to evaluate proton exchange membrane(PEM) fuel cell performance with a modified serpentine flow field with right angle turn by numerical modeling. A 3-d PEM fuel cell model of size 50 cm^(2) active area is developed. A conventional serpentine flow field is modified and the same is considered for the supply of reactants. Computational fluid dynamics(CFd) based simulations were conducted to analyse the pressure drop, distribution of reactants(H_(2) and O_(2)), liquid water activity, current flux density and water content in the membrane. From the simulation results, polarization curve is drawn to validate the literature data of PEMFC with the conventional serpentine flow field. Comparison of simulated polarization curve with literature data revealed that modified serpentine flow field performance is better than conventional serpentine flow field as it offers better water exclusion and uniform sharing of reactants. From this study, it is concluded that model of flow field pattern influences the functioning of fuel cell and utmost care must take while selecting a pattern for flow field of PEM fuel cell.

关键词： PEM fuel cell CFd current density water removal modified serpentine flow field membrane water content

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Hydrogen peroxide mediates pro-inflammatory cell-to-cell signaling: a new therapeutic target for inflammation?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第8期14卷 1430-1437页

作者： dhanushka Gunawardena Ritesh raju Gerald Münch department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Western Sydney University

Nitric oxide is now universally recognized as an extracellular signaling molecule. Nitric oxide, produced in one cell, diffuses across the extracellular space and acts with targets in an adjoining cell. In this study, we present proof that hydrogen peroxide - like nitric oxide - acts as a true first (intercellular) messenger for a multitude of pro-inflammatory ligands. RAW 264.7 macrophages were activated with three different ligands, lipopolysaccharide, interferon-gamma or advanced glycation end products in the presence of increasing concentrations of (hydrogen peroxide scavenging) catalase. As inflammatory readouts, nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor were determined. We hypothesize that hydrogen peroxide travels between cells propagating the signal, then a certain percentage of the readout should be inhibited by catalase in a concentration- dependent manner. The experiment showed concentration-dependent inhib让ion of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-a production in response to all three ligands/ligand combinations (interferon-gamma, lipopolysaccharide, and chicken egg albumin-derived advanced glycation end product) in the presence of increasing concentration of catalase. For example, catalase inhibited 100% of nitric oxide and 40% of tumor necrosis factor-a production at its highest concentration. Our results suggest that hydrogen peroxide travels through cell membranes into the extracellular space and enters and activates ad;acent cells. Like rdtric oxide, we suggest that it is a ubiquitous first messenger, able to transmit cell-to-cell pro-inflammatory signals such as nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-a. In a therapeutic setting, our data suggest that compounds acting as hydrogen peroxide scavengers might not even need to enter the cell to act as anti-inflammatory drugs.

关键词： Inflammation glycation redox signaling cytokines anti-inflammatory drugs hydrogen peroxide membrane permeable lipopolysaccharide Interferon-gamma signaling

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Geochemical assessment of a siliceous limestone sample for cement making

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2011年第1期30卷 33-39页

作者： Rao d.S. Vijayakumar T.V. Prabhakar S. Bhaskar raju G. National Metallurgical Laboratory-Madras Centre CSIR Madras Complex Taramani Chennai-600 113 India

A low grade siliceous limestone sample from the Jayantipuram mine of Andhra Pradesh, India, has been investigated for its suitability for cement making. Petrological as well as X-ray diffraction pattern studies indicated that the limestone sample was crystalline and dominantly composed of calcite and quartz. They are simple in mineralogy, and yet they have variable silica and lime contents. Geochemical analysis results of twenty five hand picked samples indicated that the limestone from the Jayantipuram mine shows a wide range of variations in LOI (29.94% to 40.64%), SiO2 (6.14% to 27.18%), CaO (37.93% to 50.78%), Al2O3 (0.49% to 2.27%) and Fe2O3 (0.28% to 2.4%). MgO, K2O, Na2O, TiO2 and MnO2 are present in traces. CaO with LOI shows a strong positive correlation where as CaO with SiO2 shows a strong negative correlation because of mineralogical factors. The chemical composition of the limestone reflects its mineralogical composition. The distribution of various elements in the acid-soluble fraction has been studied by the factor analysis method in order to interpret in terms of their mineralogy, sedimentary environment and diagenesis. Mineralogy, recrystallization and other diagenetic changes are the main factors affecting the distribution of the elements and their mutual relationships in the limestone. The aim of this paper is also to analyze how significantly the two parameters, silica modulus and lime saturation factor, influence this low grade siliceous limestone sample from the Jayantipuram mine of Andhra Pradesh, India, for the cement making process from the geochemical data.

关键词：灰岩样品水泥生产地球化学硅质石灰石矿评估因子分析方法化学数据处理

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Influence of TiO_2 on the electrochemical performance of pasted typeβ-nickel hydroxide electrode in alkaline electrolyte

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2016年第1期25卷 41-48页

作者： B.Shruthi B.J.Madhu V.Bheema raju department of Chemistry Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology Post Graduate department of Physics Government Science College department of Chemistry Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering

Nickel hydroxide was used as the positive electrode material in rechargeable alkaline batteries, which plays a significant role in the field of electric energy storage devices. β-nickel hydroxide（β-Ni（OH）2 ） was prepared from nickel sulphate solution using potassium hydroxide as a precipitating agent. Pure β-phase of nickel hydroxide was confirmed from XRd and FT-IR studies. The effects of TiO2 additive on the β-Ni（OH）2 electrode performance are examined. The structure and property of the TiO2 added β-Ni（OH）2 were characterized by XRd, TG-dTA and SEM analysis. A pasted–type electrode is prepared using nickel hydroxide powder as the main active material on a nickel sheet as a current collector. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies were performed to evaluate the electrochemical performance of the β-Ni（OH）2 and TiO2 added β-Ni（OH）2 electrodes in 6 M KOH electrolyte. Anodic（Epa） and cathodic（Epc）peak potentials are found to decrease after the addition of TiO 2 into β-Ni（OH）2 electrode material. Further,addition of TiO2 is found to enhance the reversibility of the electrode reaction and also increase the separation of the oxidation current peak of the active material from the oxygen evolution current. Compared with pure β-Ni（OH）2 lectrode,TiO2 added β-Ni（OH）2 electrode is found to exhibit higher proton diffusion coefficient（d） and lower charge transfer resistance. These findings suggest that the TiO2 added β-Ni（OH）2 electrode possess improved electrochemical properties and thus can be recognized as a promising candidate for the battery electrode applications.

关键词： Nickel hydroxide Electrode material Thermogravimetric analysis Electrochemical properties Impedance spectroscopy

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