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dietary xylo‑oligosaccharides and arabinoxylans improved growth efficiency by reducing gut epithelial cell turnover in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1325-1335页

作者： Carla Castro Shahram Niknafs Gemma Gonzalez‑Ortiz Xinle Tan Michael r.Bedford eugeni roura Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia AB Vista MarlboroughWiltshire SN84ANUK

Background One of the main roles of the intestinal mucosa is to protect against environmental ***-mentation of xylo-oligosaccharides(XOS)is known to selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria and improve gut health and function in *** may have an impact on the integrity of the intestinal epithelia where cell turnover is critical to maintain the compatibility between the digestive and barrier *** aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of XOS and an arabinoxylan-rich fraction(AXrF)supplementation on gut func-tion and epithelial integrity in broiler *** A total of 128 broiler chickens(ross 308)were assigned into one of two different dietary treatments for a period of 42 d:1)control diet consisting of a corn/soybean meal-based diet;or 2)a control diet supplemented with 0.5%XOS and 1%*** treatment was randomly distributed across 8 pens(n=8)with 8 chickens *** intake and body weight were recorded *** d 42,one male chicken per pen was selected based on aver-age weight and euthanized,jejunum samples were collected for proteomics *** dietary XOS/AXrF supplementation improved feed efficiency(Prom d 1 to 42 compared to the con-trol *** analysis was used to understand the mechanism of improved efficiency uncovering 346 dif-ferentially abundant proteins(dAP)(Padjemented chickens compared to the non-supplemented *** the jejunum,the dAP translated into decreased ATP production indicating lower energy expenditure by the tissue(e.g.,inhibition of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways).In addition,dAP were associated with decreased epithelial cell differentiation,and migration by reducing the actin polymerization ***-ting the two main pathways together,XOS/AXrF supplementation may decrease around 19%the energy required for the maintenance of the gastrointestinal *** dietary XOS/AXrF supplementation improved gr

关键词： Actin Arabinoxylans Broiler Cell turnover energy metabolism Jejunum Xylo-oligosaccharides

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Paleoclimatic application of spectral parameters to the eolian red clay of the Jianzha Basin,northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1952-1966页

作者： Chaofeng FU Ju’e TIAN Xinwen XU Yougui SONG Jun ZUO Feng WANG Lin CHeN Pengfei LI Xiaoke QIANG The School of earth Science and resources Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth and EnvironmentCASXi’an 710061China College of Urban and environmental Science Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China CAS Center for excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China

reflectance spectroscopy is rapid,inexpensive,and non-destructive and can provide important information about the mineralogy of rocks and *** measured the reflectance spectroscopy of Miocene red clay deposits on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,with the aim of developing a rapid methodology for detecting paleoclimatic *** obtained visible/near-infrared(VNIr)and short-wave infrared(SWIr)spectroscopy data from the red clay in the Jianzha Basin,and analyzed their relationship with independent paleoclimatic records,including mineral contents and environmental magnetic *** results show that the VNIr parameters,including d500,d900,r500,and r900(where d and r represent the depth and reflectance of the absorption peaks around 500 and 900 nm,respectively)are temperature-sensitive and correlated with the magnetic susceptibility,frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility,and the marine δ^(18)O *** results of frequency-domain analysis of the VNIr parameters show that they reflect climate change on orbital *** parameters,such as AS1400,d1400/d1900 and d1900(where AS represents the asymmetry of the absorption peaks around1400 nm),are correlated with the illite and montmorillonite content,and they are sensitive to the weathering *** spectral parameters of the eolian red clay in the Jianzha Basin reflect regional climatic changes caused by the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau at~8.5 Ma and global climatic cooling at~7.2 Ma,and thus they are applicable as both regional and global paleoenvironmental indicators.

关键词： Visible/near-infrared spectroscopy Short-wave infrared spectroscopy Paleoclimatic indicators red clay Tibetan Plateau

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Surgical intervention combined with weight-bearing walking training promotes recovery in patients with chronic spinal cord injury:a randomized controlled study

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第12期19卷 2773-2784页

作者： Hui Zhu James d.Guest Sarah dunlop Jia-Xin Xie Sujuan Gao Zhuojing Luo Joe e.Springer Wutian Wu Wise Young Wai Sang Poon Song Liu Hongkun Gao Tao Yu dianchun Wang Libing Zhou Shengping Wu Lei Zhong Fang Niu Xiaomei Wang Yansheng Liu Kwok-Fai So Xiao-Ming Xu Kunming Tongren Hospital KunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure ParalysisMiller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA School of Biological Sciences The University of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia Minderoo Foundation PerthWAAustralia Clinical Center for Spinal Cord Injury Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military CommandKunmingYunnan ProvinceChina department of Biostatistics and Health data Science Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA department of Orthopedic Spinal Surgery Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury research Center Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of Kentucky College of MedicineLexingtonKYUSA Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Institute of CNS regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina W.M.Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA Neurosurgery department Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

For patients with chronic spinal cord injury,the co nventional treatment is rehabilitation and treatment of spinal cord injury complications such as urinary tract infection,pressure sores,osteoporosis,and deep vein *** is rarely perfo rmed on spinal co rd injury in the chronic phase,and few treatments have been proven effective in chronic spinal cord injury *** of effective therapies fo r chronic spinal co rd injury patients is *** conducted a randomized controlled clinical trial in patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal co rd injury to compare intensive rehabilitation(weight-bearing walking training)alone with surgical intervention plus intensive *** clinical trial was registered at ***(NCT02663310).The goal of surgical intervention was spinal cord detethering,restoration of cerebrospinal fluid flow,and elimination of residual spinal cord *** found that surgical intervention plus weight-bearing walking training was associated with a higher incidence of American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement,reduced spasticity,and more rapid bowel and bladder functional recovery than weight-bearing walking training ***,the surgical procedures and intensive rehabilitation were *** Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement was more common in T7-T11 injuries than in T2-T6 *** combined with rehabilitation appears to have a role in treatment of chronic spinal cord injury patients.

关键词： chronic spinal cord injury intensive rehabilitation locomotor training neurological recovery surgical intervention weightbearing walking training

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The carbon border adjustment mechanism is inefficient in addressing carbon leakage and results in unfair welfare losses

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Fundamental research 2024年第3期4卷 660-670页

作者： Xinlu Sun Zhifu Mi Lu Cheng d'Maris Coffman Yu Liu The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HBUnited Kingdom College of Urban and environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The european Commission has proposed a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism(CBAM)to reduce carbon leakage and create a level playing field for its domestic products and imported ***,the effectiveness of the proposal remains unclear,especially when it triggers threats of retaliation from trading partners of the european *** apply a Computable General equilibrium model-Global Trade Analysis Project-to assess the economic and environmental impacts of different CBAM *** we show that the effectiveness of the CBAM to address carbon leakage risks is rather limited,and the CBAM raises concerns over global welfare costs,Correct to Gross domestic Product(GdP)losses,and violation of equality *** retaliation leads to multiplied welfare losses,which would mostly be borne by poor *** results question the carbon leakage reduction effect of a unilateral trade policy and suggest that climate change mitigation still needs to be performed within the framework of international cooperation.

关键词： Carbon border adjustment mechanism Carbon leakage Climate change mitigation Floorcarbon price Trade retaliation

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remaking a connection:molecular players involved in post-injury synapse formation

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第6期20卷 1719-1720页

作者： diogo Tomé ramiro d.Almeida iBiMed-Institute of Biomedicine Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal

Functional recovery from central nervous system(CNS)trauma depends not only on axon regeneration or compensatory sprouting of uninjured fibers but also on the ability of newly grown axons to establish functional synapses with appropriate *** several studies have successfully promoted long-distance axonal regeneration in distinct CNS injury models,none of them have resulted in a viable therapeutic approach for patient recovery.A possible reason may be the lack of new synaptogenesis for reestablishing the circuitry lost after ***,we discuss how our understanding of the mechanisms that instruct synapse formation in the injured nervous system may contribute to the design of new strategies to promote functional restoration in traumatic CNS disorders.

关键词： viable injury instru

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3d Printed Polyimide/Silica Composite Aerogels for Customizable Thermal Insulation from-50℃ to 1300℃

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第7期42卷 936-945,I0007页

作者： dingyi Yu Tiantian Xue Zhuocheng Ma Zaiyin Hu Lijuan Long Yue-e Miao Wei Fan Tianxi Liu State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China Guizhou Aerospace Wujiang electro-Mechanical equipment Co. Ltd.Zunyi563000China School of Materials and Architectural engineering Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang550025China

Aerogels are widely used as thermal insulation materials because of their high porosity and low bulk ***,the insulation performance of aerogels is limited to a narrow temperature ***,the preparation of aerogel materials with precisely controlled and complex architectures is still ***,we report 3d printed polyimide/silica aerogel particle(PI/SAP)composite aerogels for thermal insulation in a wide range of temperature with customized *** printability and shape fidelity of 3d printed composite aerogels is improved by adding hydrophilic SAP as a rheology *** resulting PI/SAP composite aerogel exhibits excellent flame-retardant properties and thermal insulation from-50℃ to 1300℃.Moreover,the PI/SAP composite aerogel with customized shape can be applied for battery insulation at subzero temperatures,promising to be used as customizable and stable insulating materials in a variety of complex and extreme applications.

关键词： 3d printing Polyimide Aerogel Silica Thermal insulation

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Ultrafast magneto-optical dynamics in nickel(111)single crystal studied by the integration of ultrafast reflectivity and polarimetry probes

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 65-69页

作者：匡皓余军潇陈洁 H.e.elsayed-Ali 李润泽 Peter M.rentzepis School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Center for Transformative Science ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education)Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA)School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China department of electrical and Computer engineering Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginia 23529USA department of electrical and Computer engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA

With the integration of ultrafast reflectivity and polarimetry probes,we observed carrier relaxation and spin dynamics induced by ultrafast laser excitation of Ni(111)single *** carrier relaxation time within the linear excitation range reveals that electron-phonon coupling and dissipation of photon energy into the bulk of the crystal take tens of *** the other hand,the observed spin dynamics indicate a longer time of about 120 *** further understand how the lattice degree of freedom is coupled with these dynamics may require the integration of an ultrafast diffraction probe.

关键词： ultrafast spin dynamics non-equilibrium dynamics multi-probe

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enhanced asphalt dynamic modulus prediction: A detailed analysis of artificial hummingbird algorithm-optimised boosted trees

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Journal of road engineering 2024年第2期4卷 224-233页

作者： Ikenna d.Uwanuakwa Ilham Yahya Amir Lyce Ndolo Umba department of Civil engineering Near East UniversityMersin 10Turkey Faculty of Sciences University of LubumbashiLubumbashiThe Democratic Republic of Congo

This study introduces and evaluates a novel artificial hummingbird algorithm-optimised boosted tree(AHAboosted)model for predicting the dynamic modulus(e*)of hot mix asphalt *** a substantial dataset from NCHrP report-547,the model was trained and rigorously *** metrics,specifically rMSe,MAe,and r2,were employed to assess the model's predictive accuracy,robustness,and *** benchmarked against well-established models like support vector machines(SVM)and gaussian process regression(GPr),the AHA-boosted model demonstrated enhanced *** achieved r2 values of 0.997 in training and 0.974 in testing,using the traditional Witczak NCHrP 1-40d model *** features such as test temperature,frequency,and asphalt content led to a 1.23%increase in the test r2,signifying an improvement in the model's *** study also explored feature importance and sensitivity through SHAP and permutation importance plots,highlighting binder complex modulus|G*|as a key *** the AHA-boosted model shows promise,a slight decrease in r2 from training to testing indicates a need for further ***,this study confirms the AHA-boosted model as a highly accurate and robust tool for predicting the dynamic modulus of hot mix asphalt concrete,making it a valuable asset for pavement engineering.

关键词： Asphalt dynamic modulus Prediction Artificial hummingbird algorithm Boosted tree

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Polio eradication surveillance in Sri Lanka,2019-2023

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第6期17卷 268-272页

作者： M.A.Y.Fernando N.S.Madarasinghe C.rangana N.Weerasinghe d.C.U.d.Weligamage J.I.Abeynayake department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka department of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka Medical research Institute Colombo 08Sri Lanka

Objective:To evaluate the polio laboratory surveillance carried out from January,2019 to May,2023 by the Polio regional reference Laboratory,Sri ***:This retrospective study analyzed all stool samples received under the acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)and immunodeficient vaccine-derived poliovirus(VdPV)surveillance at Polio regional reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka from January,2019 to May,*** results of the testing methodologies were extracted from the laboratory data system,i.e.,poliovirus virus isolation,intra-typic differentiation/VdPV real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(ITd/VdPV rrTPCr)and sequencing,along with the data on timing of reporting results,stool adequacy and *** was analyzed using descriptive ***:A total of 2141 stool samples from 1644 cases were received for AFP surveillance from Sri Lanka(93.61%),Maldives(1.52%),and immunodeficient VdPV(4.86%)*** polioviruses(19/1644,1.15%)and non-polio enteroviruses(73/1644,4.44%)were isolated,while Sabin-like 3 virus was detected in majority(12/19,63.15%)among the poliovirus *** polioviruses or circulating VdPVs were not detected among the *** all years of the study,the non-polio AFP detection rate was>1/100000 in children aged less than 15 years,whereas stool adequacy rate was>80%.All results were reported within 14 days of receipt,ensuring timely reporting as per global ***:The Polio regional reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka plays a vital role in maintaining the polio-free status in the country through its robust laboratory surveillance,while adhering to the surveillance ***-detection of wild polioviruses and circulating VdPV during the study period reinforces the polio-free status in the country.

关键词： Poliovirus Polio laboratory surveillance regional reference laboratory Polio eradication

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Advances in ground heat exchangers for space heating and cooling:review and perspectives

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energy and Built environment 2024年第2期5卷 255-269页

作者： Ping Cui Weibo Yang Wenke Zhang Ke Zhu Jeffrey d.Spitler Mingzhi Yu School of Thermal engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinanShandong 250101China College of electrical Energy and Power EngineeringYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu 225127China department of Mechanical engineering Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA

As a renewable energy source,geothermal energy has been widely used to provide space heating and cooling for *** thermal performance of ground heat exchanger(GHe)is significant for the operating efficiency of the ground source heat pump(GSHP)*** paper presents a comprehensive review of developments and advances of three kinds of GHe,including vertical borehole GHe(VBGHe),Pile GHe(PGHe),and deep borehole GHe(dBGHe)which are currently popular in larger GSHP ***,analytical models proposed to ana-lyze heat transfer process of VBGHe with different geological conditions are summarized,such as homogenous or heterogeneous ground,with or without groundwater *** and short-time step models and measures to improve GHe thermal performance are also ***,a summary of research advances in PGHe is provided,which includes the heat transfer models of PGHe,the effects of geometric structure,oper-ation modes,pile spacing,use of phase change material(PCM),thermal properties of PCM,thermo-mechanical behavior and/or thermal performance of *** effects of groundwater flow direction and velocity on PGHe are also summarized in ***,models of three kinds of dBGHes,i.e.,deep coaxial GHe(dCGHe),deep U-bend GHe(dUGHe)and super-long gravity heat pipe(SLGHP),are *** physical bases of the dif-ferent analytical models are elaborated and also their advantages and disadvantages are *** in numerical modelling and improving numerical model calculation speed of dCBHe,dCBHe array,and dUBHe are *** review provides a meaningful reference for the further study of GHes.

关键词： Vertical borehole ground heat exchanger Pile ground heat exchanger deep borehole ground heat exchanger Modelling

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