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光散射学报 2005年第3期 63-65页

作者： d.l.phillips,W.M.Kwok department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong S.A.R. China department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong S.A.R. China

A combined experimental and theoretical study of the photochemistry of CHBr3in pure water and in acetonitrile/water mixed solvents is reported that elucidates the reactions and mechanisms responsible for the photochemical conversion of the halogen atoms in CHBr3into three bromide ions in water *** is the most abundant source of organic bromine in the ocean and atmosphere and this makes it an attractive polyhalomethane to study [1]. Ultraviolet excitation with 253.7 nm light （from a Hg lamp） of low concentrations （l, and CHCl2Br in aqueous solution led to complete conversion of the halogens into halide ions （bromide and/or chloride） with similar photo-quantum yields of about 0.43 [2]. C-Br bond cleavage for the CHBr3molecule and the CHBr2radical in the gas phase have been estimated to require 63.8 and 73.6 kcal/mol of energy respectively [3]. The 253.7 nm photon has about 113 kcal/mol of energy and is thus only likely to break one carbon-halogen bond in the CHBr3, CHBr2Cl and CHCl2Br molecules following 253.7 nm excitation. How does the 253.7 nm photolysis of low concentrations of CHBr3, CHBr2Cl, and CHCl2Br in water lead to complete conversion of the halogen atoms into bromide and/or chloride ion products and where does the energy come from to break all three carbon-halogen bonds?

关键词： HBr Cl CO

水催化脱卤反应:构建每次一个水分子的纳米化学反应体系(英文)

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光散射学报 2005年第3期17卷 251-253页

作者： d.l.phillips W.M.Kwok department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong S.A.R. ChinaDepartment of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong S.A.R. China

A combined experimental and theoretical study of the photochemistry of CHBr3 in pure water and in acetonitrile/water mixed solvents is reported that elucidates the reactions and mechanisms responsible for the photochemical conversion of the halogen atoms in CHBr3 into three bromide ions in water *** is the most abundant source of organic bromine in the ocean and atmosphere and this makes it an attractive polyhalomethane to study [1]. Ultraviolet excitation with 253.7 nm light （from a Hg lamp） of low concentrations （l, and CHCl2Br in aqueous solution led to complete conversion of the halogens into halide ions （bromide and/or chloride） with similar photo-quantum yields of about 0.43 [2]. C-Br bond cleavage for the CHBr3 molecule and the CHBr2 radical in the gas phase have been estimated to require 63.8 and 73.6 kcal/mol of energy respectively [3]. The 253.7 nm photon has about 113 kcal/mol of energy and is thus only likely to break one carbon-halogen bond in the CHBr3, CHBr2Cl and CHCl2Br molecules following 253.7 nm excitation. How does the 253.7 nm photolysis of low concentrations of CHBr3, CHBr2Cl, and CHCl2Br in water lead to complete conversion of the halogen atoms into bromide and/or chloride ion products and where does the energy come from to break all three carbon-halogen bonds?

关键词：水催化脱卤反应水分子纳米化学反应体系光化学卤素元素

Time-Resolved Spectroscopic Studies of Meta-Methoxy Substituent Effects on the Photochemistry of Aromatic Carbonyl Compounds

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Time-Resolved Spectroscopic Studies of Meta-Methoxy Substitu...

Kinetics of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid sorption onto montmorillonite clays in soil and their translocation to genetically modified corn

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作者： d.l.phillips C.S.Ma J.Ma W.M.Kwok M.d.li Y.du department of Chemistry University of Hong Kong

＜正＞Meta substitutions of functional groups in a variety of different aromatic carbonyl compounds have been observed to result in unexpected and intriguing photochemical reactions and reactivity.[1-5]The utilization of meta substitutions can lead to substantial increases in the efficiency of the cleavage of a leaving group from phototriggers and

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 669-680页

作者： Meichen Wang Kelly J Rivenbark Timothy d phillips Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityTX 77845USA

The co-occurrence of glyphosate(GlP)and aminomethylphosphonic acid(AMPA)in contaminated water,soil,sediment and plants is a cause for concern due to potential threats to the ecosystem and human health.A major route of exposure is through contact with contaminated soil and consumption of crops containing GlP and AMPA ***,clay-based sorption strategies for mixtures of GlP and AMPA in soil,plants and garden produce have been very *** this study,in vitro soil and in vivo genetically modified corn models were used to establish the proof of concept that the inclusion of clay sorbents in contaminated soils will reduce the bioavailability of GlP and AMPA in soils and their adverse effects on plant *** of chemical concentration(1–10 mg/kg),sorbent dose(0.5%-3%in soil and 0.5%-1%in plants)and duration(up to 28 days)on sorption kinetics were *** time course results showed a continuous GlP degradation to *** inclusion of calcium montmorillonite(CM)and acid processed montmorillonite(APM)clays at all doses significantly and consistently reduced the bioavailability of both chemicals from soils to plant roots and leaves in a dose-and time-dependent manner without detectable *** treated with 0.5%and 1%APM inclusion showed the highest growth rate(p≤0.05)and lowest chemical bioavailability with up to 76%reduction in roots and57%reduction in *** indicated that montmorillonite clays could be added as soil supplements to reduce hazardous mixtures of GlP and AMPA in soils and plants.

关键词： Glyphosate AMPA Adsorption Soil remediation Plant Hydroponic system

Recent advances in the understanding and management of chronic pancreatitis pain

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Journal of Pancreatology 2024年第1期7卷 35-44页

作者： Jessica Walker Olivia l.Babyok Jami l.Saloman Anna Evans phillips department of Internal Medicine University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUnited States division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of MedicineSchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUnited States Center for Pain Research Center for NeuroscienceSchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUnited States

Abdominal pain is the most common symptom of chronic pancreatitis(CP)and is often debilitating for patients and very difficult to *** date,there exists no cure for the *** strategies focus on symptom management and on mitigation of disease progression by reducing toxin exposure and avoiding recurrent inflammatory *** treatment protocols start with medical management followed by consideration of procedural or surgical intervention on selected patients with severe and persistent *** incorporation of adjuvant therapies to treat comorbidities including psychiatric disorders,exocrine pancreatic insufficiency,mineral bone disease,frailty,and malnutrition,are in its early *** clinical studies and animal models have been designed to improve investigation into the pathophysiology of CP pain,as well as to improve pain *** the array of tools available,many therapeutic options for the management of CP pain provide incomplete *** still remains much to discover about the neural regulation of pancreas-related *** this review,we will discuss research from the last 5 years that has provided new insights into novel methods of pain phenotyping and the pathophysiology of CP *** discoveries have led to improvements in patient selection for optimization of outcomes for both medical and procedural management,and identification of potential future therapies.

关键词： Central sensitization Chronic pancreatitis Pain phenotyping Peripheral sensitization

Nanofabricated high turn-density spiral coils for on-chip electromagneto-optical conversion

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 181-192页

作者： Ilhan Bok Alireza Ashtiani Yash Gokhale Jack phillips Tianxiang Zhu Aviad Hai department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWIUSA department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWIUSA Wisconsin Institute for Translational Neuroengineering(WITNe) University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWIUSA

Circuit-integrated electromagnets are fundamental building blocks for on-chip signal transduction,modulation,and tunability,with specific applications in environmental and biomedical micromagnetometry.A primary challenge for improving performance is pushing quality limitations while minimizing size and fabrication complexity and retaining spatial *** efforts have exploited highly involved three-dimensional synthesis,advanced insulation,and exotic material ***,we present a rapid nanofabrication process that employs electron beam dose control for high-turn-density diamond-embedded flat spiral coils;these coils achieve efficient on-chip electromagnetic-to-optical signal *** fabrication process relies on fast 12.3 s direct writing on standard poly(methyl methacrylate)as a basis for the metal lift-off *** with 70 micrometer overall diameters and 49–470 nm interturn spacings with corresponding inductances of 12.3–12.8 nH are *** utilize optical micromagnetometry to demonstrate that magnetic field generation at the center of the structure effectively correlates with finite element modeling *** designs based on our process can be integrated with photolithography to broadly enable optical magnetic sensing and spin-based computation.

关键词： utilize retaining high

Shifting the paradigm:A critical review of social innovation literature

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2024年第1期8卷 45-58页

作者： Amy phillips Rosalie luo Joel Wendland-liu Social Innovation Program Grand Valley State UniversityGrand Rapids49504USA Ivey School of Business Western UniversityPLondonN6A 0E1Canada Social Innovation Program Grand Valley State UniversityAllendale49401USA

In this review of ten years of social innovation research(2012e2022),we define and explore three paradigms in the field:instrumentalist,strong,and *** investigate how language usage and geography play a central role in identifying which paradigms recently published scholarship falls *** we do not insist that sharp divisions exist between each paradigm,we do find that on the“instrumentalist”side,language tends to abstract or neutralize power ***,these perspectives tend to derive from Western or Eurocentric orientations or ***“strong”paradigm accepts the necessity of institutional and stakeholder engagement and seeks to engage socially excluded *** contrast,geographical diversity,attendance to historicized and systemic inequalities,and elevation of the most marginalized communities are more likely to be centered in the“democratic”*** apply this discussion to recent research in arts-related social innovation and the related field of social entrepreneurship.

关键词： Social innovation Culture Arts Social entrepreneurship Ethnocentrism

Oligodendroctyes:the forgotten players of diabetes pathophysiology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2349-2350页

作者： Juan Antonio lópez-Villodres Beatriz García-díaz departamento Fisiología Humana Histología HumanaAnatomía Patológica y Educación Física y DeportivaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain UGC Neurociencia.Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina(IBIMA Plataforma Bionand) MálagaSpain

Oligodendrocytes(Ols),glial cells that provide myelin sheaths to axons in the central nervous system(CNS),have a dual ***,this myelin fatty cover around the axons protects the nerves and is crucial for the saltatory propagation of action *** and not less important,Ols provide trophic support to neurons and ***,Ol metabolism is important for Ol well-being and the proper accomplishment of their functions,and Ol metabolism energetics directly affect the energy metabolism of neighboring neurons.

关键词： metabolism nerves myelin

The influence of resistance exercise training prescription variables on skeletal muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy adults:An umbrella review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 47-60页

作者： Jonathan C.Mcleod Brad S.Currier Caroline V.lowisz Stuart M.phillips department of Kinesiology Faculty of ScienceMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S4L8Canada

Purpose:The aim of this umbrella review was to determine the impact of resistance training(RT)and individual RT prescription variables on muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy ***:Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines,we systematically searched and screened eligible systematic reviews reporting the effects of differing RT prescription variables on muscle mass(or its proxies),strength,and/or physical function in healthy adults aged>18 ***:We identified 44 systematic reviews that met our inclusion *** methodological quality of these reviews was assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews;standardized effectiveness statements were *** found that RT was consistently a potent stimulus for increasing skeletal muscle mass(4/4 reviews provide some or sufficient evidence),strength(4/6 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and physical function(1/1 review provided some evidence).RT load(6/8 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),weekly frequency(2/4 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),volume(3/7 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and exercise order(1/1 review provided some evidence)impacted RT-induced increases in muscular *** discovered that 2/3 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence that RT volume and contraction velocity influenced skeletal muscle mass,while 4/7 reviews provided insufficient evidence in favor of RT load impacting skeletal muscle *** was insufficient evidence to conclude that time of day,periodization,inter-set rest,set configuration,set end point,contraction velocity/time under tension,or exercise order(only pertaining to hypertrophy)influenced skeletal muscle adaptations.A paucity of data limited insights into the impact of RT prescription variables on physical ***:Overall,RT increased muscle mass,strength,and physical function compared to no ***

关键词： Hypertrophy Resistance training Resistance training prescription variables Strength Umbrella review