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Effects of Root Growth of deep and Shallow Rooting Rice Cultivars in Compacted Paddy Soils on Subsequent Rice Growth

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Rice science 2023年第5期30卷 459-472,I0022-I0024页

作者： Md.dhin ISLAM Adam H.PRICE paul d.HALLETT School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenSt Machar DrAberdeen AB243UUthe United Kingdom Faculty of Agriculture Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur-1706Bangladesh

Rice is often grown as multiple seasons in one year,alternating between flooded and upland systems.A major constraint,introduced from the flooded system,is a plough pan that may decrease rooting depth and productivity of follow-on upland *** penetrating the plough pan under flooded rice system can leave a legacy of weaker root growth *** rooting rice cultivars could have a bigger impact,but no direct evidence is *** explore whether a deep rather than a shallow rooting rice cultivar grown in a flooded cropping cycle benefited deeper root growth of follow-on rice in an upland,reduced tillage cropping cycle,a simulated flooded paddy in greenhouse was planted with deep(Black Gora) and shallow(IR64) rooting cultivars and a plant-free *** plough pans were made in between the topsoil and subsoil to form different treatments with no plough pan(0.35 MPa),soft plough pan(1.03 MPa) and hard plough pan(1.70 MPa).After harvest of this ‘first season’ rice,the soil was drained and undisturbed to simulate zero-tillage upland and planted rice cultivar BRRI dhan *** overall root length density(RLd),root surface area,the numbers of root tips and branching of BRRI dhan 28 did not vary between plough pan and no plough pan *** with the shallow rooting rice genotype,the deep rooting rice genotype as ‘first season’ crop produced 19% greater RLd,34% greater surface area and 29% more branching of BRRI dhan 28 in the *** the topsoil,however,BRRI dhan 28 had 28% greater RLd,35% greater surface area and 43% more branching for the shallow rather than deep rooting genotype planted in the ‘first season’.The results suggested that rice cultivar selection for a paddy cycle affects root growth of a follow-on rice crop grown under no-till,with benefits to subsoil access from deep rooting cultivars and topsoil proliferation for shallow rooting cultivars.

关键词： plough pan root growth biopores crop rotation Oryza sativa preceding crop zero-tillage

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Spatio Temporal Tourism Tracking System Based on Adaptive Convolutional Neural Network

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第6期45卷 2435-2446页

作者： L.Maria Michael Visuwasam d.paul Raj department of Computer Science and Engineering Rajalakshmi Institute of TechnologyChennaiTamil Nadu600104India department of Computer Science and Engineering R.M.D.Engineering CollegeChennaiTamil Nadu601204India

Technological developments create a lot of impacts in the tourism *** big data technologies and programs generate opportunities to enhance the strategy and results for transport ***,there is a difference between technological advances and their integration into the methods of tourism *** rising popularity of Freycinet National Park led to a master plan that would not address cultural and environmental *** study addresses the gap by using a synthesized application(app)for demographic surveys and Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)technology to implement research *** article focuses on managing visitors within the famous Freycinet National *** comprehensive structured data were analyzed in three phases,(1)identifying groups of visitors who are more likely to use the walking trails,(2)those who are more and less likely to visit during/peak crowding times,and(3)finally creating an integrated Spatio-temporal dependency model via a machine-based learning system for real-time *** research examines innovative techniques that can offer energy resources to managers and tourism agencies,especially in detecting,measuring,and potentially relieving crowding and over-tourism.

关键词： Spatio-temporal dependency machine-based learning global navigation satellite system(GNSS)technology smartphones

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Structural health monitoring of bridges in the State of Connecticut

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2008年第4期7卷 427-437页

作者： Chengyin Liu Joshua Olund Alan Cardini paul d＇Attilio Eric Feldblum John deWolf SP-SELLS Inc. Briarcliff Manor NY 10510 USA department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Connecticut 261 Glenbrook Rd Unit 2037 Storrs CT06269 USA dMJM Harris Boston MA 02110 USA Connecticut department of Transportation 280 West Street Rocky Hill CT 06067 USA

A joint effort between the Connecticut department of Transportation and the University of Connecticut has been underway for more than 20 years to utilize various structural monitoring approaches to assess different bridges in Connecticut. This has been done to determine the performance of existing bridges, refine techniques needed to evaluate different bridge components, and develop approaches that can be used to provide a continuous status of a bridge＇s structural integrity. This paper briefly introduces the background of these studies, with emphasis on recent research and the development of structural health monitoring concepts. This paper presents the results from three different bridge types： a post-tensioned curved concrete box girder bridge, a curved steel box-girder bridge, and a steel multi-girder bridge. The structural health monitoring approaches to be discussed have been successfully tested using field data collected during multi-year monitoring periods, and are based on vibrations, rotations and strains. The goal has been to develop cost-effective strategies to provide critical information needed to manage the State of Connecticut＇s bridge infrastructure.

关键词： structural integrity structural health monitoring field data vibrations

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A Numerical Study of Blowup in the Harmonic Map Heat Flow Using the MMPdE Moving Mesh Method

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2013年第2期6卷 364-383页

作者： Ronald d.Haynes Weizhang Huang paul A.Zegeling department of Mathematics and Statistics Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNL A1C 5S7Canada department of Mathematics University of KansasLawrenceKS 66045USA department of Mathematics Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands

The numerical solution of the harmonic heat map flow problems with blowup in finite or infinite time is considered using an adaptive moving mesh method.A properly chosen monitor function is derived so that the moving mesh method can be used to simulate blowup and produce accurate blowup profiles which agree with formal asymptotic ***,the moving mesh method has finite time blowup when the underlying continuous problem *** situations where the continuous problem has infinite time blowup,the moving mesh method exhibits finite time blowup with a blowup time tending to infinity as the number of mesh points *** inadequacy of a uniform mesh solution is clearly demonstrated.

关键词： Heat flow harmonic map blowup moving mesh method finite difference

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Survival of rat sciatic nerve segments preserved in storage solutions ex vivo assessed by novel electrophysiological and morphological criteria

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第9期18卷 2082-2088页

作者： Liwen Zhou Monzer Alatrach Ted Zhao paul Oliphint George d.Bittner department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA

Most organ or tissue allografts with viable cells are sto red in solutions ex vivo for hours to seve ral *** allografts then require rapid host revascula rization upon transplantation to maintain donor-cell functions(e.g.,cardiac muscle contra ctions,hepatic secretions).In contrast,peripheral nerve allografts stored ex vivo do not require revascularization to act as scaffolds to guide outgrowth by host axons at 1-2 mm/d,likely aided by viable donor Schwann *** current storage solutions and protocols,axons in all these donor orga n/tissue/nerve transplants are expected to rapidly become non-viable due to Wallerian degeneration within ***,ex vivo storage solutions have not been assessed for preserving normal axonal functions,i.e.,conducting action potentials or maintaining myelin *** hypothesized that most or all organ storage solutions would maintain axonal *** examined several common organ/tissue storage solutions(University of Wisconsin Cold Storage Solution,Normosol-R,Normal Saline,and La ctated Ringe rs) for axonal viability in rat sciatic nerves ex vivo as assessed by maintaining:(1) conduction of artificially-induced compound action potentials;and(2) axonal and myelin morphology in a novel assay *** ten diffe rent storage solution conditions for peripheral nerves with viable axons(PNVAs) diffe red in their solution composition,osmolarity(250-318 mOsm),temperature(4℃ vs.25℃),and presence of *** action potentials and axonal morphology in PNVAs were best maintained for up to 9 days ex vivo in calcium-free hypotonic diluted(250 mOsm) Normosol-R(dNR) at 4℃.Surprisingly,compound action potentials were maintained for only 1-2 days in UW and NS at 4℃,a much shorter duration than PNVAs maintained in 4℃ dNR(9 days) or even in 25℃ dNR(5 days).Viable axons in peripheral nerve allografts are critical for successful polyethylene glycol(PEG)-fusion of viable proximal and distal ends of host axons with viable donor a

关键词： axonal morphometrics axonal viability calcium osmolarity peripheral nerve grafts peripheral nerve injury temperature tissue storage solutions tonicity Wallerian degeneration

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The Effects of High-Intensity Acute Exercise on Face-Name Memory in Healthy Young Adults

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第2期4卷 188-193页

作者： Morgan Gilbert paul d.Loprinzi Exercise and Memory Laboratory Department of HealthExercise Scienceand Recreation ManagementThe University of Mississippi229 Turner CenterUniversityOxfordMS 38677USA

The majority of previous research evaluating the effects of acute exercise on episodic memory function have focused on explicit memory tasks involving word-list *** a more real-world application,the present experiment evaluates whether high-intensity acute exercise can improve episodic memory function of incidentally processed information as well as increase one’s ability to remember names associated with faces(face-name paradigm).A two-arm,parallel-group,randomized controlled intervention was ***(N=91;M_(age)=20 years)were randomized into one of two groups,including an experimental group and a control *** experimental group exercised for 20 min on a treadmill at a high-intensity(75%of heart rate reserve),while the control group engaged in a seated,time-matched *** memory was assessed from an intentional processing face-name paradigm in which participants encoded and subsequently recalled names that were paired with *** memory for incidentally processed information was evaluated with a computerized program involving spatial-temporal *** mean(Sd)number of correctly recalled face-name pairs between the exercise and control groups,respectively,for immediate memory were 11.16(4.4)and 9.79(4.3),P>*** were similar for incidentally processed information,in that there were no differences between the exercise[7.30(1.7)]and control[7.52(1.9)]groups,P>***,we did not observe evidence that high-intensity acute exercise improves episodic memory for incidentally or intentionally processed information.

关键词： Cognition Cognitive function Physical activity

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Offshore fears and onshore risk: exchange rate pressures and bank volatility contagion in China

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Economic and Political Studies 2020年第3期8卷 374-393页

作者： Jennifer Lai paul d.McNelis School of Finance Guangdong University of Foreign StudiesGuangzhouP.R.China Gabelli School of Business Fordham UniversityNew YorkUSA

This paper shows that signals from the offshore China spot market for the Chinese renminbi of the Hong kong SAR(listed as CNH)directly affect the volatility of share prices of Chinese banks and the overall risks of Chinese banking *** is especially so amid heightened uncertainty about global trade or the People’s Republic of ***,the CNH market volatility is a leading indicator of onshore Chinese banking sector *** results suggest that further offshore exchange market movements arising out of news such as increasing trade friction with the United States will generate greater volatility in the Chinese banking *** from being a shock absorber for the Chinese financial system,the CNH market appears to be a shock transmitter of risk from offshore economic policy uncertainty to the Chinese banking system.

关键词： Chinese banking stability offshore exchange markets exchange rate pressures Chinese currency CNH market

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National Cancer Institute’s early detection research network:a model organization for biomarker research

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Journal of the National Cancer Center 2023年第2期3卷 93-99页

作者： paul d.Wagner Sudhir Srivastava Cancer Biomarkers Research Group Division of Cancer PreventionNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaUSA

For many cancers a primary cause of poor survival is that they are detected at a late stage when therapies are less *** screening methods exist to detect some types of cancer at an early stage,there are currently no effective methods to screen for most types of *** have the potential to improve detection of early-stage cancers,risk stratification,and prediction of which pre-cancerous lesions are likely to progress and to make screening tests less *** thousands of research articles on biomarkers for early detection are published every year,few of these biomarkers have been validated and shown to be clinically *** reflects both the inherent difficulty in detecting early-stage cancers and a disconnect between the process of discovering biomarkers and their use in the *** overcome this limitation the US National Cancer Institute created the Early detection Research *** is a highly collaborative program that brings together biomarker discoverers,assay developers,and *** provides an infrastructure that is essential for developing and validating biomarkers and imaging methods for early cancer detection and has successfully completed several multicenter validation studies.

关键词： Biomarkers Early detection Validation Collaboration data sharing

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Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Acute Exercise on Real-World Ecological Memory

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2019年第1期1卷 88-93页

作者： Allison Farris paul d.Loprinzi Exercise and Memory Laboratory Department of HealthExercise Science and Recreation ManagementThe University of Mississippi229 Turner CenterUniversityMS 38677USA

Purpose To evaluate the effects of acute moderate-intensity exercise on ecological memory,as assessed from a face-name memory *** A two-arm,parallel-group,randomized controlled intervention was ***(N=40;Mage=20.8 years)were randomized into a seated control task or a bout of acute moderate-intensity treadmill exercise(15-min).Thereafter,participants completed a 3-phase face-name memory task,involving a study phase and two test phases(immediate and delayed recall,with the delay occurring 15 min after the immediate recall).Results For the immediate memory recall,the mean(Sd)scores for the exercise and control conditions,respectively,were 6.60(2.5)and 6.20(2.5).For the 15-min delayed assessment,the respective scores were 6.25(2.6)and 5.75(1.9).There was a significant main effect for time(F=4.06,P=0.05,η^(2)_(p)=0.10).However,there were no main effects for group(F=0.33,P=0.56,η^(2)_(p)=0.01)or time by group interactions(F=0.12,P=0.72,η^(2)_(p)=0.003).Conclusions despite the exercise group having slightly higher immediate and delayed face-name memory scores,we did not observe robust evidence of acute exercise enhancing face-name memory performance.

关键词： Cognition Episodic Executive function Physical activity Hippocampus

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Vacuum interrupter,high reliability component of distribution switches,circuit breakers and contactors

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第3期8卷 335-342页

作者： SLAdE paul G. MAYO Stephen SMITH R.kirkland TAYLOR Erik d. Eaton Electrical HorseheadsNY 14845USA

The use of vacuum interrupters(VIs)as the current interruption component for switches,circuit breakers,reclosers and contactors operating at distribution voltages has escalated since their introduction in the mid-1950’*** electrical product has developed a dominating position for switching and protecting distribution *** are even being introduced into switching products operating at transmission *** the reasons for the VI’s popularity are its compactness,its range of application,its low cost,its superb electrical and mechanical life and its ease of *** major advantage is its well-established *** this paper we show how this reliability has been achieved by design,by mechanical life testing and by electrical performance *** introduce the“sealed for life”concept for the VI’s *** discuss this in terms of what is meant by a practical leak rate for VIs with a life of over 30 *** show that a simple high voltage withstand test is an easy and effective method for monitoring the long-term vacuum *** we evaluate the need for routine inspection of this electrical product when it is used in adverse ambient environments.

关键词： Vacuum interrupter (VI) Reliability Mechanical life Electrical life

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