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dynamic localization of hepatocellular transporters in health and disease

World Journal of gastroenterology 2008年第44期14卷 6786-6801页

作者： Marcelo g Roma Fernando A Crocenzi Aldo d Mottino Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE)-Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicasy Farmacéuticas (CONICET-U.N.R.) S2002LRLRosarioArgentina

Vesicle-based traffi cking of hepatocellular transporters involves delivery of the newly-synthesized carriers from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to either the plasma membrane domain or to an endosomal,submembrane compartment,followed by exocytic targeting to the plasma membrane. Once delivered to the plasma membrane,the transporters usually undergo recycling between the plasma membrane and the endosomal compartment,which usually serves as a reservoir of pre-existing transporters available on demand. The balance between exocytic targeting and endocytic internalization from/to this recycling compartment is therefore a chief determinant of the overall capability of the liver epithelium to secrete bile and to detoxify endo and xenobiotics. Hence,it is a highly regulated process. Impaired regulation of this balance may lead to abnormal localization of these transporters,which results in bile secretory failure due to endocytic internalization of key transporters involved in bile formation. This occurs in several experimental models of hepatocellular cholestasis,and in most human cholestatic liver diseases. This review describes the molecular bases involved in the biology of the dynamic localization of hepatocellular transporters and its regulation,with a focus on the involvement of signaling pathways in this process. Their alterations in different experimental models of cholestasis and in human cholestatic liver disease are reviewed. In addition,the causes explaining the pathological condition (e.g. disorganization of actin or actin-transporter linkers) and the mediators involved (e.g. activation of cholestatic signaling transduction pathways) are also discussed. Finally,several experimental therapeutic approaches based upon the administration of compounds known to stimulate exocytic insertion of canalicular transporters (e.g. cAMP,tauroursodeoxycholate) are described.

关键词： Hepatocellular transporters Cholestasis cAMP Bile salts Vesicular trafficking Endocytosis Signaling pathways

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Structural,optical and mechanical properties of ternary CaO-CaF_(2)-P_(2)O_(5) glasses

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2014年第2期3卷 109-116页

作者： g.VENKATESWARA RAO H.d.SHASHIKALA department of Physics National Institute of Technology KarnatakaSurathkalPost SrinivasanagarMangalore-575025KarnatakaIndia

The ternary phosphate glass series(50-x)CaO-xCaF_(2)-50P_(2)O_(5)(x=0-20 mol%)were synthesized using melt quench ***,optical and mechanical properties were investigated with increase in CaF_(2) *** X-ray diffraction(XRd),synthesized glasses were confirmed to be amorphous in *** of oxygen ions by fluorine ions increased the values of *** in refractive index due to the low polarizability of fluorine ions in the glass matrix was *** Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectra,the slight variation in v_(as)(PO_(2))band position and intensity could be attributed to replacement of fluorine ions for oxygen ions in phosphate glass *** data were well supported by Raman *** band gap energy increased from 3.44 eV to 3.64 eV with increase in CaF_(2) content,and Urbach energy decreased suggesting that the fluorine ions reduced the tail energy states in the band gap compared to the oxygen *** parameters such as Vickers hardness,fracture toughness and brittleness were evaluated from the Vickers micro indentation *** in Vickers hardness,decrease in fracture toughness and increase in brittleness were observed with increase in CaF_(2) content.

关键词： phosphate glass Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectra Raman spectra mechanical properties

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Effect of different synthesis techniques on structural, magnetic and magneto-transport properties of Pr_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)MnO_3 manganite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2010年第5期28卷 760-764页

作者： Umesh Chand Kamlesh Yadav Anurag gaur Varma g d department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology department of Physics National Institute of Technology

We investigated the effect of different synthesis techniques on the structural, magnetic and magneto-transport properties of Pr0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (PSMO) samples. The samples were synthesized by three different techniques: solid state reaction, sol-gel and chemical Co-precipitation method. XRd studies confirmed the single phase formation of PSMO by all three techniques. It was also found that the magnetotransport properties of PSMO strongly depended on the synthesis techniques. A substantial decrease in the insula...

关键词： magnetoresistance electrical transport grain boundary rare earths

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Fullwave doppler reflectometry simulations for density turbulence spectra in ASdEX Upgrade using gENE and IPF-Fd3d

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第6期22卷 41-48页

作者： C LECHTE g d CONWAY TgÖRLER T HAPPEL the ASdEX Upgrade Team Institute of Interfacial Process Engineering and Plasma Technology IgVP Universität StuttgartD-70569 StuttgartGermany Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics D-85748 GarchingGermany 不详

doppler reflectometry is an important microwave diagnostic for turbulent fusion plasmas.A microwave beam is scattered off density fluctuations,with wavenumbers according to incident frequency and relative *** way,a density fluctuation spectrum is ***,the correspondence between fluctuation power and scattered microwave power is strongly *** these processes numerically therefore requires fullwave simulations(IPF-Fd3 d),with density fluctuations supplied by a separate plasma turbulence code(gENE).Earlier such attempts suffered from the low number of data points in the‘interesting’part of the spectrum,where a power law had to be fitted to 4 or 5 *** has been overcome with recent simulations,which now show a much better agreement with experimental data.

关键词： plasma diagnostics doppler reflectometry simulation microwaves

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A node-based smoothed point interpolation method for dynamic analysis of rotating flexible beams

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2018年第2期34卷 409-420页

作者： C.F.du d.g.Zhang L.Li g.R.Liu College of Civil Science and Engineering Yangzhou University School of Sciences Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Aerospace Systems University of Cincinnati

We proposed a mesh-free method, the called node-based smoothed point interpolation method(NS-PIM),for dynamic analysis of rotating beams. A gradient smoothing technique is used, and the requirements on the consistence of the displacement functions are further weakened. In static problems, the beams with three types of boundary conditions are analyzed, and the results are compared with the exact solution, which shows the effectiveness of this method and can provide an upper bound solution for the *** means that the NS-PIM makes the system soften. The NS-PIM is then further extended for solving a rigid-flexible coupled system dynamics problem, considering a rotating flexible cantilever beam. In this case, the rotating flexible cantilever beam considers not only the transverse deformations,but also the longitudinal deformations. The rigid-flexible coupled dynamic equations of the system are derived via employing Lagrange’s equations of the second type. Simulation results of the NS-PIM are compared with those obtained using finite element method(FEM) and assumed mode method. It is found that compared with FEM, the NS-PIM has anti-ill solving ability under the same calculation conditions.

关键词： Meshfree method NS-PIM Rigid-flexible coupled system dynamics Rotating beams dynamic response

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direct-forcing immersed boundary lattice Boltzmann simulation of particle/fluid interactions for spherical and non-spherical particles

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Particuology 2016年第2期14卷 93-103页

作者： A. Eshghinejadfard A. Abdelsamie g. Janiga d. Thevenin Laboratory of Fluid dynamics and Technical Flows University of Magdeburg "Otto yon Guericke" Universitatsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg Germany

The lattice Boltzmann method （LBM） is a useful technique for simulating multiphase flows and modeling complex physics. Specifically, we use LBM combined with a direct-forcing （dF） immersed boundary （IB） method to simulate fluid-particle interactions in two-phase particulate flows. Two grids are used in the simulation： a fixed uniform Eulerian grid for the fluid phase and a Lagrangian grid that is attached to and moves with the immersed particles. Forces are calculated at each Lagrangian point. To exchange numerical information between the two grids, discrete delta functions are used. The resulting dF IB-LBM approach is then successfully applied to a variety of reference flows, namely the sedimentation of one and two circular particles in a vertical channel, the sedimentation of one or two spheres in an enclosure, and a neutrally buoyant prolate spheroid in a Couette flow. This last application proves that the developed approach can be used also for non-spherical particles. The three forcing schemes and the different factors affecting the simulation （added mass effect, corrected radius） are also discussed.

关键词： Immersed boundary method Lattice Boltzmann Particulate flow Forcing method

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Impact of Clocking on the Aero-Thermodynamics of a Second Stator tested in a One and a Half Stage HP Turbine

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Journal of Thermal Science 2008年第2期17卷 97-110页

作者： N.Billiard g.Paniagua R.dénos Turbomachinery and Propulsion department von Karman Institute for Fluid dynamics

This paper focuses on the experimental investigation of the time-averaged and time-accurate aero- thermodynamics of a second stator tested in a 1.5 stage high-pressure turbine. The effect of clocking on aerodynamic and heat transfer are investigated. Tests are performed under engine representative conditions in the VKI compression tube CT3. The test program includes four different clocking positions, i.e. relative pitch-wise positions between the fh-st and the second stator. Probes located upstream and downstream of the second stator provide the thermodynamic conditions of the flow field. On the second stator airfoil, measurements are taken around the blade profile at 15, 50 and 85% span with pressure sensors and thin-film gauges. Both time-averaged and time-resolved aspects of the flow field are addressed. Regarding the time-averaged results, clocking effects are mainly observed within the leading edge region of the second stator, the largest effects being observed at 15% span. The surface static pressure distribution is changed locally, hence affecting the overall airfoil performance. For one clocking position, the thermal load of the airfoil is noticeably reduced. Pressure fluctuations are attributed to the passage of the up- stream transonic rotor and its associated pressure gradients. The pattern of these fluctuations changes noticeably as a function of docking. The time-resolved variations of heat flux and static pressure are analyzed together showing that the major effect is due to a potential interaction. The time-resolved pressure distribution integrated along the second stator surface yields the unsteady forces on the vane. The magnitude of the unsteady force is very dependent on the clocking position.

关键词： transonic flow turbines stator clocking forces heat transfer.

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Effects of variable viscosity and temperature modulation on linear Rayleigh-Bénard convection in Newtonian dielectric liquid

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2019年第11期40卷 1601-1614页

作者： P.g.SIddHESHWAR d.UMA S.BHAVYA department of Mathematics Bangalore UniversityBengaluru 560056India department of Computer Science and Engineering PES UniversityBengaluru 560085India department of Mathematics Atria Institute of TechnologyBengaluru 560024India

The linear Rayleigh-Bénard electro-convective stability of the Newtonian dielectric liquid is determined theoretically subject to the temperature modulation with time.A perturbation method is used to compute the critical Rayleigh number and the wave *** critical Rayleigh number is calculated as a function of the frequency of modulation,the temperature-dependent variable viscosity,the electric field dependent variable viscosity,the Prandtl number,and the electric Rayleigh *** effects of all three cases of modulations are established to delay or advance the onset of the convection *** addition,how the effect of variable viscosity controls the onset of convection is studied.

关键词： dielectric liquid temperature dependent variable viscosity electric field dependent variable viscosity electric Rayleigh number temperature modulation

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Synthesis of Pharmaceutical Intermediates by Toluene Benzylation over Heteropoly Acids on different Support

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Journal of Natural gas Chemistry 2007年第2期16卷 186-192页

作者： V. V. Bokade g. d. Yadav Catalysis division National Chemical LaboratoryPune 411008India University Institute of Chemical TechnologyMumbai-19India University Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-19India

Selective formation of pharmaceutical intermediates like diphenylmethane, dimethyldiphenylmethane, benzyl toluene and benzoic acid by liquid phase, toluene benzylation with benzyl chloride as a benzylating agent, was systematically studied over plane clay （K-10, montmorillonite）, plane H-Beta, plane MFI structured titanosilicate （TS-1） and heteropoly acids [HPA, namely dodecatungstophosphoric acid [H3PO4.12WOa-xH2O] （TPA）, dodeca-molybdo phosphoric acid ammonium salt hydrate [H12Mo12N3040P＋aq] （dMAA）, sodium tungstate hydrated purified [Na12WO4.2H2O] （STH）] supported on clay, H-beta and TS-1. The 20%TPA/Clay, 30%TPA/H-Beta and 30%TPA/TS-1, were observed to be the best catalyst samples over plane clay, plane H-Beta and plane TS-1. The catalyst samples are compared with respect to benzyl chloride conversion and selectivities for diphenylmethane, dimethyl-diphenylmethane, benzyl toluene and benzoic acid. The reaction follows the pseudo-first order rate power law model. The apparent rate constants are calculated and compared with the reported ones.

关键词： toluene benzylation benzyl chloride heteropolyacid diphenylmethane dimethyl-diphenyl methane benzyl toluene benzoic acid

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Effect of Yttrium Addition on Microstructural Characteristics and Superplastic Behavior of Friction Stir Processed ZK60 Alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第12期29卷 1116-1122页

作者： Z.A.Luo g.M.Xie Z.Y.Ma g.L.Wang g.d.Wang State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern University Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

As-extruded ZK60 and ZK60-Y magnesium alloy plates were successfully processed via friction stir processing （FSP） at a tool rotation rate of 1600 r/rain and a traverse speed of 200 mm/min. FSP resulted in the formation of equiaxed recrystallized microstructures with the average grain sizes of ,-8.5 and -4.7 μm in the ZK60 and ZK60-Y alloys, respectively. Moreover, FSP broke and dispersed the MgZn2 and W-phase （Mg3Zn3Y2） particles and dissolved MgZn2 phase in the FSP ZK60 alloy. With the addition of rare earth element yttrium （Y） into the ZK60 alloy, the ratio of the high angle grain boundaries （HAgBs） in the FSP alloys increased from 64% to 90%, and a certain amount of twins appeared in the FSP ZK60-Y alloy. The maximum elongation of 1200% and optimum strain rate of 3 X 10-3 s-1 achieved at 450 °C in the FSP ZK60-Y alloy were substantially higher than those of the FSP ZK60 alloy. This is attributed to the fine grains with high ratio of HAgBs and the distribution of a large number of dispersed second phase particles with high thermal stability in the FSP ZK60-Y alloy. grain boundary sliding was identified as the primary deformation mechanism in the FSP ZK60 and ZK60-Y alloys from the superplastic data analyses and surficial morphology observations.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Friction stir processing Rare earth element Microstructure Superplasticity

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