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Hepatitis B virus subgenotype F3 reactivation with vaccine escape mutations:A case report and review of the literature

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第7期10卷 509-516页

作者： Stefan Schlabe Kathrin van Bremen Souhaib Aldabbagh dieter Glebe Corinna M Bremer Tobias Marsen Walter Mellin Veronica di Cristanziano Anna M eis-Hübinger Ulrich Spengler German Center of Infectious diseases Research(dZIF) Partner-Site Cologne-BonnBonn-Cologne35392Germany department of Internal Medicine I University Hospital of BonnBonn 53127Germany Institute of Virology University Hospital of BonnBonn 53127Germany Institute of Medical Virology Justus Liebig University GiessenNational Reference Center for Hepatitis B and D VirusesBiomedical Research Center SeltersbergGiessen 35392Germany German Center of Infectious diseases Research(dZIF) Partner-Site GiessenGiessen 35392Germany Practice of Nephrology and dialysis Nephrological Center Cologne-LindenthalCologne 50937Germany Practice of Pathology and Cytology Cologne 50931Germany Institute of Virology University Hospital of CologneCologne 50935Germany

Hepatitis B represents a global health threat because its chronic course and sequelae contribute to a high morbidity and mortality. Hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection can be controlled by vaccines, antiviral treatment, and by interrupting transmission. Rare vaccine escape mutants are serious because they eliminate vaccine protection. Here, we present a 74-year-old vaccinated patient with HBV reactivation 11 years after kidney transplantation. The patient was HBV-positive but HBs Ag-negative prior to vaccination 6 years before transplantation. The reactivated virus was HBV genotype F3 with vaccine escape mutations G145 R, P120 Q, and Q129 P. The patient was successfully treated with entecavir. The epidemiological reasons for this subgenotype, which is extremely rare in Western Europe, were unclear. This case illustrates that second-generation vaccines are not always effective in a specific group of patients.

关键词： Entecavir Hepatitis B virus Subgenotype F3 Kidney transplantation Vaccine escape mutant G145R

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Mechanical and corrosion behaviour of hydroxyapatite reinforced Mg-Sn alloy composite by squeeze casting for biomedical applications

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2020年第2期8卷 452-460页

作者： R Radha d.Sreekanth School of Mechanical and Building Sciences Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai 600127India

Magnesium alloys have gained increasing attention for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and the ***(HA)is known to be a highly bioactive because of its similar chemical and crystallographic structures to ***,HA is believed to be a potential ceramic material for the fabrication of Mg based composites,to combine the advantages of both Mg and ***,in general,the composites known to be more susceptible to corrosion attack than the matrix ***,in the present work,Sn is used as an alloying element to evaluate its effect on mechanical as well as corrosion properties of Mg/HA *** with 5 wt%HA and Mg-1 wt%Sn-5 wt%HA composites were prepared separately by stir assisted squeeze casting *** phase analysis and microstructure were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRd)and scanning electron microscope(SEM)coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy(EdS)*** properties were evaluated by conducting the compression and micro hardness *** properties of as-cast composites were studied by linear polarization,Tafel and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(eis)*** results of both XRd and SEM-EdS revealed that the main constitutional phases of as-cast Mg/HA composites were a-Mg and HA whereas,in Mg-Sn/HA composites,the phase Mg^Sn was observed along with fine distribution of HA *** both the cases,no interfacial reactions *** yield strength,ultimate compression strength and hardness were found to be increased with the addition of Sn in Mg/HA ***,the addition of Sn also played an important role in increasing the corrosion resistance of the Mg/HA composites which was attributed the refinement of grain size and the formation of Mg2Sn phase along the grain ***,it was concluded that the addition of Sn improves both mechanical and corrosion properties of Mg/HA composites.

关键词： Magnesium Composite Biomedical Corrosion Squeeze casting

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Performance Enhancement in dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Composite Mixtures of TiO_2 Nanoparticles and TiO_2 Nanotubes

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第3期28卷 354-361页

作者： d.Maheswari P.Venkatachalam department of Physics Bharathiar University department of Physics(ddE) Annamalai University

In the present investigation,a new composite nanostructured photoanodes were prepared using TiO_2 nanotubes（TNTs） with TiO_2 nanoparticles（TNPs）.TNPs were synthesized by sol-gel method,and TNTs were prepared through alkali hydrothermal ***-sensitized solar cells（dSSCs） were fabricated with different photoanodes comprising of various ratios of TNTs ＋ TNPs,synthetic indigo dye as photosensitizer,PMII（l-propyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide） as ionic liquid electrolyte and cobalt sulfide as counter *** structures and morphologies of TNPs and TNTs were analyzed through X-ray diffractometer,transmission electron microscope and scanning electron *** results of the investigation showed that the dSSC-4 made with composite photoanode structure（TNTs/TNPs）（90% of TNPs ＋ 10% of TNTs） had improved photocurrent efficiency（2.11%） than pure TNPs（1.00%） and TNT film（0.78%）.Electrochemical impedance spectra revealed that the composite TNTs/TNPs film-based dSSCs possessed the lowest charge-transfer resistances and longest electron ***,it could be concluded that the composite TNTs/TNPs photoanode facilitates the charge transport rate and enhances the efficiencies of dSSCs.

关键词： TNPs/TNTs composite mixtures Charge recombination Electron transport Photovoltaic parameters eis analysis

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Application of novel sol-gel composites on magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2019年第3期7卷 419-432页

作者： S.Nezamdoust d.Seifzadeh Z.Rajabalizadeh Physical Chemistry Research Laboratory Applied Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran

Application o f defect-free,adherent,and corrosion protective sol-gel film on the magnesium alloys is generally *** this study,two novel sol-gel/conversion coating composites were successfully deposited on AM60B magnesium alloy in order to provide sufficient protection against the *** first composite(Ti-Zr/hybrid)was obtained via combination o f a hybrid sol-gel film(synthesized by mixing tetraethoxysilane(TEOS),and 3-glycidyloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane(GPTMS))as outer layer and Ti-Zr conversion coating as ***,the second composite(Ti-Zr/PTMS)was applied in a similar manner by combination o f phenyl-trimethoxysilane(PTMS)so lgel film with the Ti-Zr conversion *** morphology and elemental composition of the Ti-Zr conversion film were assessed by the Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)and Energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy(EdS),respectively.A cracky conversion film was applied on the alloy surface after immersion in the Ti-Zr conversion coating bath which was mainly composed of MgO,T i02,Zr02,and MgF2 ***,but not-adherent PTMS and hybrid sol-gel films(pure sol-gel films)with obvious defects were directly deposited onto the magnesium alloy without the Ti-Zr pretreatment which were morphologically characterized by the ***,formation o f relatively uniform and completely defect-free Ti-Zr/hybrid and Ti-Zr/PTMS composites after using the Ti-Zr conversion coating as pretreatment was revealed by the SEM *** addition,the defects of the Ti-Zr conversion coating were completely filled by the sol-gel *** Ti-Zr/PTMS and Ti-Zr/hybrid composite coatings were provided much better corrosion protection capacity than the pure PTMS and hybrid sol-gel films,respectively which was confirmed by the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy(eis)and Potentiodynamic Polarization(PdP)examinations in 0.05 M NaCl solution.

关键词： Sol-gel Composite Magnesium alloy Corrosion

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Corrosion protection and mechanical properties of the electroless Ni-P-MOF nanocomposite coating on AM60B magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第8期10卷 2280-2295页

作者： Z.Rajabalizadeh d.Seifzadeh A.Khodayari Sh.Sohrabnezhad Applied Chemistry department University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabil ***Iran department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of GuilanP.O.Box 1914RashtIran

Al-based MIL-53 MOF nanostructure was synthesized hydrothermally and then co-deposited in the electroless nickel coating on AM60B magnesium alloy using Zr pretreatment as an eco-friendly *** MIL-53(Al)nanostructure was synthesized in the form of layered semi-cube crystals with the surface area and mean pore diameter of 985.72 m^(2)g^(-1) and 2.00 nm,*** SEM images captured with two various zooming scales from the surface of the plain and MOF containing electroless layers showed cauliflower-like morphology with even distribution of nodule ***,the sub-grains of the plain coating disappeared after incorporation of the ***,both the normal and nanostructure-containing electroless layers have crystalline-amorphous structure,but the nanocomposite coating showed less *** average surface roughness of the plain electroless coating was about 309 nm,which decreased to about 222 nm after incorporation of the *** XRd patterns showed that the characteristic peak of Ni broadened after incorporation of the MOF,probably due to the decreasing of the *** the heat-treated normal and MOF containing coatings at 200℃ no phase transition takes place,but new peaks appeared for heat-treated coatings at 400℃ due to the crystallization and second-phase *** results of the eis tests showed an increase in the amount of the charge transfer resistance(from 19 to 29 kΩcm^(2))after addition of the MOF,which means an improvement in the corrosion ***,low Jcorrof the composite coating represents its higher corrosion resistance with respect to the plain *** micro-hardness values of the composite coating before and after the heat treatment were higher than the plain ***,the Ni-P-MOF coating has a lower wear rate both before and after the heat treatment due to an improvement in its micro-hardness.

关键词： Electroless plating MOF Magnesium alloy Wear eis

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Corrosion Protective Conversion Coatings on Magnesium disks Using a Hydrothermal Technique

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2014年第1期30卷 47-53页

作者： R.K.Gupta K.Mensah-darkwa d.Kumar department of Chemistry Pittsburg State University Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials(ERC-RMB) Department of Mechanical EngineeringNorth Carolina A&T State University

A uniform, compact, and well adherent conversion coating of magnesium hydroxide has been formed on bioresorbable magnesium disks by means of a hydrothermal technique. Electrochemical results indicate that the coating brings about a significant reduction in magnesium corrosion in phosphate buffered saline （PBS） solution. It is also observed that corrosion resistance of the coating increases with an increase in treatment time, which in turn, increases the coating thickness. The protective behavior of magnesium hydroxide coating is attributed to its chemical inertness in PBS solution. The coatings are found to be free from pores that reduce the direct contact between corroding media and underlying magnesium.

关键词： Magnesium Polarization Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (eis) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) Conversioncoating Corrosion

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Long-term corrosion evolution associated with the structural heterogeneities of an Fe-based amorphous coating in H_(3)BO_(3)solution at various temperatures

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第9期140卷 233-248页

作者： d.B.Wang J.Wu J.P.Cui Q.Wang T.R.Li W.Emori S.d.Zhang J.Q.Wang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchCASShenyang110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang110016China Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China School of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan University of Science and EngineeringZigong 643000SichuanChina

Understanding the long-term corrosion behavior of neutron absorber materials in H_(3)BO_(3)solution is crucial for the materials applications in spent fuel *** this paper,long-term corrosion evolution for 180 d in relation to the structural heterogeneities of an Fe-based amorphous coating(AMC)in H_(3)BO_(3)solution at various temperatures was systematically *** indicate that the coating corrosion could be divided into three distinct ***,the corrosion resistance increased owing to the thickening and composition evolution of the passive ***,the corrosion rate was kept almost constant in the second stage,which connected with the steady state of the passive ***,the corrosion resistance of coating reduced gradually owing to the initiation and penetration of local-ized ***,it was revealed that the localized corrosion was initiated at the relatively Cr-depleted amorphous matrix in the deep pores of the *** could be attributed to the synergy of Cr-depletion and occlusive effect in the deep pores during long-term *** the elevation of temperature,the localized corrosion was enhanced due to the accumulation of the H+in the pores to swiftly reach the critical conditions for passive film *** work provides insights into the long-term corrosion mechanism of Fe-based AMCs in H_(3)BO_(3)solution and offers meaningful contributions to the design of new corrosion resistant neutron absorbing coatings for spent fuel storage applications.

关键词： AMC Boric acid eis Long-term corrosion Temperature

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A novel ZnO/reduced graphene oxide and Prussian blue modified carbon paste electrode for the sensitive determination of Rutin

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Science China Chemistry 2019年第2期62卷 262-270页

作者： Ozma J d'Souza Ronald J Mascarenhas Ashis K Satpati Basavanakote M Basavaraja Research and development Centre Bharathiar University Electrochemistry Research Group Department of Chemistry St.Joseph's College Analytical Chemistry division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Anushakthi Nagar Trombay department of Chemistry PES University

A carbon paste modified sensor based on a novel composite of zinc oxide nanoparticles deposited on reduced graphene oxide(ZnO-rGrO) and Prussian blue(PB) was drop-cast(ZnO-rGrO-PB/MCPE) for the sensitive estimation of Rutin(Rtn) at pH *** high surface area of ZnO-rGrO and electrocatalytic property of PB promotes the oxidation of Rtn. Field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EdX) techniques were employed to confirm the deposition of ZnO-rGrO and PB on carbon paste electrode(CPE). The ability of ZnO-rGrO-PB/MCPE in charge transfer at the interface was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(eis). The heterogeneous rate constant(ks) and the charge transfer coefficient(α) have been calculated as 6.08 s^(-1) and 0.74 respectively. This sensor showed a wide linear response for Rtn from 7.0×10^(-8)to 7.0×10^(-6) M and 7.0×10^(-6) to 1.0×10^(-4) M with a limit of detection(2.05±0.04)×10^(-8) M(S/N=3). The application of ZnO-rGrO-PB/MCPE was found in the analysis of Rtn in fruit juice samples using standard addition method. This sensor showed good reproducibility, stability, selectivity and sensitivity.

关键词： Rutin zinc oxide nanoparticles reduced graphene oxide Prussian blue modified carbon paste electrode ascorbic acid

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Effect of Al addition and heat treatment on the microstructures and corrosion resistance of Mg-Cu alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第3期98卷 219-232页

作者： X.W.Wang W.Wang W.Chen d.M.Chen Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China College of Material Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China

The effects of Al content and annealing condition on the microstructures and corrosion performances of Mg-3 wt.%Cu-xAl(x=0,4 wt.%,8 wt.%)alloys were *** Mg-3 wt.%Cu alloy contains Mg_(2)Cu phase,but Al-bearing alloys contain MgAlCu and Mg_(17)Al_(12) *** Mg_(2)Cu and MgAlCu phases exhibit much higher Volta potential compared to Mg_(17)Al_(12) and α-Mg,and their volume fractions are related to Al content of alloys and annealing *** weight loss measurement and electrochemical tests are conducted to explore the corrosion performances of *** close relationship between weight loss rate of alloys and volume fraction of Cu-bearing phases indicates that the corrosion performances of alloys can be controlled by adjusting Al content of alloys and annealing conditions.

关键词： Magnesium Intermetallics Weight loss eis(electrochemical impedance spectroscopy)

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New superhydrophobic composite coatings on Mg-Mn-Ce magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第5期11卷 1721-1739页

作者： K.V.Nadaraia S.N.Suchkov I.M.Imshinetskiy d.V.Mashtalyar d.Yu.Kosianov E.A.Belov S.L.Sinebryukhov S.V.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry Far Eastern BranchRussian Academy of SciencesVladivostok690022Russia Far Eastern Federal University Vladivostok690922Russia

A novel combined method for the formation of composite coatings on the Mg-Mn-Ce alloy is *** like matrix was formed on the Mg alloy surface by the plasma electrolytic *** the samples were subsequently processed by dip-coating in an alcohol suspension of superdispersed polytetrafluoroethylene and spraying with the tetrafluoroethylene telomers ***,OSP,and SPM was used to study structure of formed *** was established by measurements of CA and CAH,as well as surface free energy calculations that formed coatings demonstrate superhydrophobic properties due to the presence of an irregular hierarchical surface structure and low surface free energy of *** coating preserves its hydrophobic properties after exposure to high and low temperatures,for a long time as well as being in corrosive *** and XRd data analysis confirmed the presence of organofluorine compounds in the composite layers,including in the form of crystalline *** potentiodynamic polarization test and eis,it was found that the resulting coatings significantly increase the corrosion resistance of Mg *** data are also confirmed by salt spray tests for 40 *** of fluoropolymers additionally decrease coatings coefficient of friction.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Plasma electrolytic oxidation Superhydrophobicity Fluoropolymers Composite coatings

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