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An Evaluation of the Introduction of Modified Cropping Practices in Yunnan Province,China,Using Surveys of Farmers’ Households

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第2期8卷 188-202页

作者： M Subedi T J Hocking M A Fullen A R McCrea E Milne d J Mitchell WU Bo-zhi School of Applied Sciences University of Wolverhampton Wulfruna Street Wolverhampton WV1 1LY UK The Macaulay Institute Craigiebuckler Aberdeen AB15 8QH UK Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming 650201 P.R.China

Problems associated with land degradation are serious in China. Sloping land in South China has experienced a decline in crop productivity by 30-60% due to soil erosion and it has been predicted that most topsoil will be lost within the next 100 years if current erosion rates continue. Considering these situations, an agro-environmental research and development project （Sustainable Highland Agriculture in South-East Asia- SHASEA） was conducted in a catchment in Yunnan Province, China, to address the objectives of increasing crop productivity in sustainable and environmentally-friendly ways. A range of cropping practices was developed and implemented in a rural upland catchment （Wang Jia）. At the end of the project, farmers were surveyed to evaluate project effectiveness. All farmers from Wang Jia Catchment, who were involved in project implementation, were surveyed. A sample of farmers working in an adjacent catchment （not associated with the project） was surveyed for comparative purposes. Farmers had different perceptions of the cropping practices employed. Contour cultivation was preferred and likely to be adopted. Others practices such as straw mulching and intercropping were seen as less appropriate and unlikely to be adopted. Polythene mulch was recognized as effective, but likely to be adopted only if financial returns were favourable. The availability of relevant information had an important impact on the extent of technology testing by farmers and their willingness to adopt the practices in the future.

关键词： cropping practices farmers' perceptions household survey Yunnan China

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Studies of a possible new Herbig Ae/Be star in the open cluster NGC 7380

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第2期12卷 167-176页

作者： Blesson Mathew d.P.K.Banerjee N.M.Ashok Annapurni Subramaniam Bhaskaran Bhavya Vishal Joshi Astronomy and Astrophysics division Physical Research LaboratoryNavrangapura Indian Institute of Astrophysics Cochin University of Science and Technology

We present a study of the star 2MASS J22472238＋5801214 with the aim of identifying its true nature which has hitherto been uncertain. This object, which is a member of the young cluster NGC 7380, has been variously proposed to be a Be star, a d-type symbiotic and a Herbig Ae/Be star in separate studies. Here we present optical spectroscopy, near-IR photometry and narrow band Hα imaging of the nebulosity in its environment. Analysis of all these results, including the spectral energy distribution constructed from available data, strongly indicate the source to be a Herbig Ae/Be star. The star is found to be accompanied by a nebulosity with an interesting structure. A bow-shock shaped structure, similar to a cometary nebula, is seen very close to the star with its apex oriented towards the photoionizing source of this region （i.e. the star dH Cep）. An interesting spectroscopic finding, from the forbidden [StI] 6716, 6731A and [OI] 6300A lines, is the detection of a blue-shifted high velocity outflow （200 -t-50 km s-1） from the star.

关键词： stars: emission-line - Be - stars: pre-main sequence -- stars: winds outflows -- galaxies: star clusters: individual: NGC 7380

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THE SENSITIVITY OF THE NUMERICAL SIMULATION TO OROGRAPHY SPECIFICATION IN THE LOWRESOLUTION SPECTRAL MOdEL-PART II: IMPACT OF THE SMOOTHEd OROGRAPHY ANd RIPPLES ON SIMULATIONS

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1987年第2期4卷 145-155页

作者：倪允琪,Belle L. Otto-Bliesner,david d. Houghton department of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing department of Meteorology University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 U.S.A. department of Meteorology University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 U.S.A.

In order to investigate the impact of the smoothed orography and the spurious orographic ripples on simulations in the low-resolution spectral model, three different numerical tests, that is, the unsmoothed orography scheme, the smoothed orography scheme and non-ripples scheme are performed. In this paper, the model used by us is the same as Part I except for orographic *** results from simulations indicate that, as far as the climatic simulation is concerned, some aspects of the simulated stationary disturbances, zonal and meridional wind, temperature and precipitation in the low-resolution spectral model with properly smoothed mountains are significantly improved, especially in winter *** deep ripples in the model with the unsmoothed orography produce spurious high pressure regions at the surface with subsidence, and suppress rainfall, causing an unrealistic splitting of the precipitation area in northern winter and summer. Removal of the deep ripples by using the special proc

关键词： over THE SENSITIVITY OF THE NUMERICAL SIMULATION TO OROGRAPHY SPECIFICATION IN THE LOWRESOLUTION SPECTRAL MOdEL-PART II IMPACT OF THE SMOOTHEd OROGRAPHY ANd RIPPLES ON SIMULATIONS

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Lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty:A review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第4期12卷 197-206页

作者： Scott d Buzin Jeffrey A Geller Richard S Yoon William Macaulay department of Orthopaedics Jersey City Medical CenterJersey CityNJ 07302United States New York Presbyterian Columbia UniversityMedical CenterNew YorkNY 10032United States department of Orthopaedic Surgery Jersey City Medical Center-RWJBarnabas HealthJersey CityNJ 07302United States department of Orthopaedic Surgery NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10016United States

Isolated lateral compartment osteoarthritis of the knee is a rare condition affecting approximately 1%of the population,which is ten times less common than osteoarthritis affecting only the medial *** knee arthroplasty(UKA)has many potential advantages over total knee *** benefits of UKA include a smaller incision,preservation of more native tissue(including cruciate ligaments and bone),decreased blood loss,and better overall *** UKA was first introduced in the 1970s,the outcomes of medial UKA(MUKA)were poor,but the few cases of lateral UKA(LUKA)showed *** that time,there has been a relative paucity of literature focused specifically on LUKA given it is a rare *** in patient selection criteria,implant design,and surgical technique have been made leading to increased popularity.A review of the recent literature reveals that LUKA is associated with excellent long-term clinical outcomes and implant survivorship when performed in properly selected *** design options include fixed vs mobile bearing as well as metal backed vs all polyethylene tibial component,with improved outcomes noted with fixed bearing *** reasons cited for revision(i.e.,fracture of the femoral component,fracture of the tibial component,and valgus malalignment)had been reported in past literature but not ***,while rare,the most common cause of failure and need for revision are osteoarthritis progression and aseptic *** the need for an occasional revision procedure,the survivorship of LUKA is comparable to MUKA,although it should be noted that outcomes of MUKA have been notably *** pursuit of improved techniques and implant designs will continue to show LUKA to be an excellent procedure for appropriately indicated patients.

关键词： Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty Lateral Review Outcomes

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Potential Effect of Conservation Tillage on Sustainable Land Use: A Review of Global Long-Term Studies

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Pedosphere 2006年第5期16卷 587-595页

作者： WANG Xiao-Bin CAI dian-Xiong W.B.HOOGMOEd O.OENEMA U.d.PERdOK State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China） Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 （China） Farm Technology Group Wageningen University P. O. Box 17 6700 AA Wageningen （The Netherlands） Soil Quality Group Wageningen University P.O.Box 8005 6700 EC Wageningen （The Netherlands）

Although understood differently in different parts of the world, conservation tillage usually includes leaving crop residues on the soil surface to reduce tillage. Through a global review of long-term conservation tillage research, this paper discusses the long-term effect of conservation tillage on sustainable land use, nutrient availability and crop yield response. Research has shown several potential benefits associated with conservation tillage, such as potential carbon sequestration, nutrient availability, and yield response. This research would provide a better perspective of the role of soil conservation tillage and hold promise in promoting application of practical technologies for dryland farming systems in China.

关键词： conservation tillage no-till reduced tillage residue management

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Natural epitope variants of the hepatitis C virus impair cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第16期16卷 1953-1969页

作者： Shuping Wang Rico Buchli Jennifer Schiller Jianen Gao Rodney S VanGundy William H Hildebrand david d Eckels department of Pathology University of Utah Pure Protein L.L.C. Oklahoma CityOK 73104United States Jennifer SchillerJianen GaoDepartment of PediatricsMedical College of Wisconsin department of Pediatrics Medical College of Wisconsin Pure Protein L.L.C. department of Microbiology and Immunology Health Sciences CenterUniversity of Oklahoma

AIM:To understand how interactions between hepatitis C virus(HCV) and the host's immune system might lead to viral persistence or effective elimination of ***:Nucleotides 3519-3935 of the non-structural 3(NS3) region were amplified by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(PCR).PCR products of the HCV NS3 regions were integrated into a PCR T7TOPO TA vector and then sequenced in both directions using an automated dNA *** major histocompatibility complex binding levels of wild-type and variant peptides were performed by fluorescence polarization-based peptide competition *** with wild type and variant sequences of NS3 were synthesized locally using F-moc chemistry and purified by high-performance liquid *** cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTLs) clones toward HCV NS3 wild-type peptides were generated through limiting dilution *** CTL clones specifically recognizing HCV NS3 wild-type peptides were tested by tetramer staining and flow *** activity of CTL clones was measured using target cells labeled with the fluorescence enhancing ligand,dELFIA ***:The pattern of natural variants within three human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-A2-restricted NS3 epitopes has been examined in one patient with chronic HCV infection at 12,28 and 63 mo *** obtained may provide convincing evidence of immune selection pressure for all epitopes *** analysis of the extensive sequence variation found within these NS3 epitopes favors a darwinian selection model of variant *** within the epitopes coincided with the decline of CTL responses,and peptide-binding studies suggested a signif icant impact of the mutation on T cell recognition rather than peptide presentation by HLA *** most variants were either not recognized or elicited low responses,such could antagonize CTL responses to target cells pulsed with wild-type ***:Cross-

关键词： Epitopes Human T Cells Cytotoxic Anergy Viral

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Gastroenterology service in a teaching hospital in rural New Zealand, 1991-2003

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第5期15卷 583-590页

作者： Michael Schultz Andrew davidson Sarah donald Bogna Targonska Angus Turnbull Susan Weggery Vicki Livingstone John d dockerty department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Otago PO Box 913 Dunedin New Zealand and Department of Gastroenterology Dunedin Public Hospital Otago District Health Board Dunedin New Zealand dunedin School of Medicine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand department of Preventive and Social Medicine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand

AIM: To retrospectively collect inpatient and outpatient data and to assess the use of endoscopic procedures during the years 1991, 1997 and 2003 to analyse for trends. METHOdS: This retrospective survey was conducted in a University-associated Gastroenterology Unit offering secondary and tertiary health care services for a population of approximately 182 000 people in Southern New Zealand. data collected included patient contacts (inand outpatients), gastroscopic and colonoscopic investigations. RESULTS: We observed a significant increase in the absolute numbers of patient contacts over the years (1991: 2308 vs 1997: 2022 vs 2003: 2783, P disease, other diseases of the colon, anus and rectum and iron studies related disorders decreasing significantly but liver disease and constipation increasing linearly over time. The use of endoscopy services remained relatively stable but colonoscopic investigations for a positive family history of colorectal cancer increased significantly while more gastroscopies were performed for unexplained anaemia. CONCLUSION: The whole spectrum of gastroenterology contacts was studied. A substantial proportion of colonoscopies and outpatient consultations were undertaken to screen for colorectal cancer. This proportion is likely to grow further. Our fi ndings have implications for the recruitment and training of the next generation of gastroenterologists.

关键词： Colonoscopy Colorectal cancer diseasetrends Endoscopy Gastroenterology Hepatitis Inflammatory bowel disease Recruitment Workforce

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Microbial Activity and Culturable Bacterial diversity in Sediments of the Great Rann of Kachchh,Western India

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Pedosphere 2014年第1期24卷 45-55页

作者： G.SUBRAHMANYAM N.KHONdE d.M.MAURYA L.S.CHAMYAL G.ARCHANA department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre Faculty of ScienceThe Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda department of Geology Faculty of ScienceThe Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda

The Great Rann of Kachchh, a vast expanse of salt desert in Western India is a unique hostile ecosystem posing an extreme environment to life forms due to high salt content, hyper-axid climate, seasonal water logging and extremes of temperature. In the virtual absence of natural vegetation, soils and sediments of Rann of Kachchh axe microbially dominated ecosystems. In the present study microbial activity and the diversity of cultivated heterotrophic bacteria were investigated in the sediments collected along a 5-m exposed section at Khadir Island in the Great Rann of Kachchh. Microbial activity （as an index of sediment enzymes） was found to be high in the middle of the section （200-280 cm）. dehydrogenase （dHA）, substrate-induced dHA and alkaline phosphatase activities revealed the oligotrophic nature of the basal portion （320-480 cm）. Abundant bacterial isolates obtained from different depths were found to be clustered in 12 different phylogenetic groups by amplified ribosomal dNA restriction analysis. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed the dominant bacterial ribotypes to be affiliated to Firmicutes （Families Bacillaceae and Staphyloeoccaeeae） and Aetinobaeteria （Family Brevibaeteriaceae） with minor contribution of Proteobacteria （Families Phyllobacteriaeeae and Bartonellaceae）, pointing their endurance and adaptability to environmental stresses. Statistical analysis indicated that sediment organic carbon, salinity, total available nitrogen and total available phosphorous are most likely critical determinants of microbial activity in the Khadir Island sediments.

关键词： amplified ribosomal dNA restriction analysis enzymes extreme environment heterotrophic bacteria 16S rRNA gene sequencing

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Mechanical Reliability Improvement : Probability and Statistics for Experimental Testing

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2003年

作者： Little R. E. Kosikowski d. M.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Soft-chemistry synthesis of Ba2Ca2Cu3Ox precursor and characterization of high-Tc Hg0.8Pb0.2Ba2Ca2Cu3O8+δsuperconductor

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2016年第3期5卷 185-196页

作者： T.BRYLEWSKI K.PRZYBYLSKI A.MORAWSKI d.GAJdA T.CETNER J.CHMIST AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Materials Science and CeramicsAl.Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Krakow Poland Institute of High Pressure Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences Superconductor Laboratory NL-6ul.Prymasa Tysiqclecia 98 00-893 Warsaw Poland International Laboratory of High Magnetic Fields and Low Temperatures ul.Gajowicka 9553-421 Wroclaw Poland AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer ScienceAl.Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Krakow Poland

The paper describes the sol–gel process applied to synthesize a mercury-free Ba2Ca2Cu3O x precursor and the physicochemical properties of an Hg0.8Pb0.2Ba2Ca2Cu3O8+δ ... 详细信息

The paper describes the sol–gel process applied to synthesize a mercury-free Ba2Ca2Cu3O x precursor and the physicochemical properties of an Hg0.8Pb0.2Ba2Ca2Cu3O8+δ high-temperature superconductor (HTS) polycrystalline sample. The Ba2Ca2Cu3O x precursor with desired chemical and phase compositions was obtained using EdTA gel process followed by decomposition and calcination under optimized conditions. An Hg0.8Pb0.2Ba2Ca2Cu3O8+δ superconductor with a fine-grained microstructure, composed predominantly of the (Hg,Pb)-1223 phase in the form of plate-like crystallites or oval grains and with advantageous magnetic properties (T c(on) = 129.2 K, ΔT c = 6.5 K), was synthesized using the high-pressure crystallization method. At 20 K and 1 T, the critical current density of the studied sample was approximately 26 A/mm2, while at 4 K and 1 T it increased to 155 A/mm2. The high volume fraction of the (Hg,Pb)-1223 phase (89.1%) in the high-T c sample was associated with the low value of the average copper valence (2.11) in the calcinated Ba2Ca2Cu3O x precursor. Small amounts of non-superconducting secondary phases—BaCuO2, CaO, CaHgO2, CuO, Ca2CuO, BaPbO3—were also identified within the microstructure of Hg0.8Pb0.2Ba2Ca2Cu3O8+δ .

关键词： superconductor microstructure EdTA gel process secondary phase

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