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The stability margin on EAST tokamak

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Chinese Physics B 2009年第6期18卷 2432-2440页

作者：钱金平万宝年沈彪 M.L.Walker d.a.humphreys 肖炳甲 Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences General Atomics San DiegoCaliforniaUSA

The experimental advanced superconducting tokamak （EAST） is the first full superconducting tokamak with a d-shaped cross-sectional plasma presently in operation. Its poloidal coils are relatively far from the plasma due to the necessary thermal isolation from the superconducting magnets, which leads to relatively weaker coupling between plasma and poloidal field. This may cause more difficulties in controlling the vertical instability by using the poloidal coils. The measured growth rates of vertical stability are compared with theoretical calculations, based on a rigid plasma model. Poloidal beta and internal inductance are varied to investigate their effects on the stability margin by changing the values of parameters αn and γn（Howl et al 1992 Phys. Fluids B 4 1724）, with plasma shape fixed to be a configuration with k = 1.9 and 5 = 0.5. A number of ways of studying the stability margin are investigated. Among them, changing the values of parameters κ and li is shown to be the most effective way to increase the stability margin. Finally, a guideline of stability margin Ms（ki, li, A） to a new discharge scenario showing whether plasmas can be stabilized is also presented in this paper.

关键词： vertical instability growth rate stability margin

Patterns of reproductive isolation in the drosophila subquinaria complex： can reinforced premating isolation cascade to other species？

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Current Zoology 2016年第2期62卷 183-191页

作者： devon P. humphreys Howard d. RUNdLE Kelly A. dYER department of Genetics University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA department of Biology University of Ottawa Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada

The reinforcement of premating barriers due to reduced hybrid fitness in sympatry may cause secondary sexual isolation within a species as a by-product. Consistent with this, in the fly drosophila subquinaria, females that are sympatric with d. recens mate at very low rates not only with d. recens, but also with conspecific d. subquinaria males from allopatry. Here, we ask if these effects of re- inforcement cascade more broadly to affect sexual isolation with other closely related species. We assay reproductive isolation of these species with d. transversa and find that choosy d. subquinaria females from the region sympatric with d. recens discriminate strongly against male d. transversa, whereas d. subquinaria from the allopatric region do not. This increased sexual isolation cannot be explained by natural selection to avoid mating with this species, as they are allopatric in geographic range and we do not identify any intrinsic postzygotic isolation between d. subquinaria and d. transversa. Variation in epicuticular hydrocarbons, which are used as mating signals in d. subquinaria, follow patterns of premating isolation： d. transversa and allopatric d. subquinaria are most similar to each other and differ from sympatric d. subquinaria, and those of d. recens are distinct from the other two species. We suggest that the secondary effects of reinforcement may cascade to strengthen reproductive isolation with other species that were not a target of selection. These effects may enhance the divergence that occurs in allopatry to help explain why some species are already sexually isolated upon secondary contact.

关键词： epicuticular hydrocarbons hybrid sterility mate choice reinforcement speciation Wolbachia

Integration of meta-QTL discovery with omics: Towards a molecular breeding platform for improving wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight

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The Crop Journal 2021年第4期9卷 739-749页

作者： Tong Zheng Chen Hua Lei Li Zhengxi Sun Minmin Yuan Guihua Bai Gavin humphreys Tao Li Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Collaborative Innovation of Modern Crops and Food Crops in Jiangsu/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology College of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina USdA-ARS Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research UnitManhattanKS 66506USA Agriculture&Agrifood Canada Ottawa Research&Development CentreOttawaON K1A 0C6Canada

Fusarium head blight(FHB) is a global wheat disease that devastates wheat production. Resistance to FHB spread within a wheat spike(type Ⅱ resistance) and to mycotoxin accumulation in infected kernel(type Ⅲ resistance) are the two main types of resistance. Of hundreds of QTL that have been reported, only a few can be used in wheat breeding because most show minor and/or inconsistent effects in different genetic backgrounds. We describe a new strategy for identifying robust and reliable meta-QTL(mQTL)that can be used for improvement of wheat FHB resistance. It involves integration of mQTL analysis with mQTL physical mapping and identification of single-copy markers and candidate genes. Using metaanalysis, we consolidated 625 original QTL from 113 publications into 118 genetic map-based mQTL(gmQTL). These gmQTL were further located on the Chinese Spring reference sequence map. Finally, 77 high-confidence mQTL(hcmQTL) were selected from the reference sequence-based mQTL(smQTL).Locus-specific single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) and simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers and17 genes responsive to FHB were then identified in the hcmQTL intervals by combined analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic data. This work may lead to a comprehensive molecular breeding platform for improving wheat resistance to FHB.

关键词： Wheat Fusarium head blight High-confidence meta-QTL Omics

Electrospun polyvinyl alcohol fibres incorporating an antimicrobial gel for enzymatically controlled reactive oxygen species release

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Bio-design and Manufacturing 2024年第6期7卷 899-925页

作者： Joel Yupanqui Mieles Cian Vyas Evangelos daskalakis Mohamed Hassan James Birkett Abdalla M.Omar Gavin humphreys Carl diver Paulo Bartolo department of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Singapore Centre for 3d Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore department of Chemistry University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK division of Pharmacy and Optometry University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK department of Engineering Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M139PLUK

Wounds pose a risk to the skin,our body's primary defence against *** rise of antibiotic resistance has prompted the development of novel ***-101^(■)is an antimicrobial gel that delivers therapeutic levels of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),a reactive oxygen species,directly to the wound *** this study,electrospinning was used to incorporate RO-101^(■)into a polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)sub-micron fibrous mesh that can act as a delivery agent,achieve a sustained release profile,and provide a barrier against *** incorporation of this gel into sub-micron fibres was confirmed via nuclear magnetic resonance ***,scanning electron microscopy exhibited smooth and uniform meshes with diameters in the 200-500 nm ***/RO-101 electrospun meshes generated H_(2)O_(2) in concentrations exceeding 1 m M/(g·m L)(1 m M=1 mmol/L)after 24 h,and the role of sterilisation on H_(2)O_(2) release was ***/RO-101meshes exhibited antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus(***)and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa(***)bacteria,achieving viable count reductions of up to 1 log unit CFU/mm^(2)(CFU:colony-forming units).Moreover,these meshes were capable of disrupting biofilm formation,even against multidrug-resistant organisms such as methicillin-resistant ***(MRSA).Furthermore,increasing the RO-101^(■)concentration resulted in higher H_(2)O_(2) production and an enhanced antimicrobial effect,while fibroblast cell viability and proliferation tests showed a concentration-dependent response with high cytocompatibility at low RO-101^(■)*** study therefore demonstrates the potential of highly absorbent PVA/RO-101 meshes as potential antimicrobial wound dressings.

关键词： Antimicrobial Electrospinning Hydrogen peroxide Polyvinyl alcohol Reactive oxygen species Tissue engineering Wound dressing

Physically Based Rendering: From Theory to Implementation

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丛书名： The Interactive 3d Technology Series

2004年

作者： Pharr, Matt humphreys, Greg

ISBN: (数字)9780080538969

ISBN: (纸本)9780125531801

Rendering is a crucial component of computer graphicsthe conversion of a description of a 3d scene into an image for display. Algorithms for animation, geometric modeling, and texturing all must feed their results through some sort of rendering process for the results to be visible in an image. Focusing on realistic images, physically based rendering incorporates ideas from a range of disciplines, including physics, biology, psychology, cognitive science, and mathematics. This book presents the algorithms of modern photorealistic rendering and follows step by step the creation of a complete rendering system. As each new rendering concept is introduced it is also shown implemented in codehere is no better way to understand the subtle and complex process of rendering. The code itself is highly readable, written in the literate programming style that mixes text describing the system with the code that implements it. The result is a stunning achievement in graphics education for students, professionals, and researchers.*Cd-ROM with the source code for a complete rendering system for Windows, OS X, & Linuxith many examples of images created by the system throughout the 4 color text*The code and text are tightly woven together through the technique of literate programming with a unique indexing feature that lists all locations of functions, variables, and methods on the page they are first described*The most complete guide to understanding, designing, and building a rendering system

关键词： Computer graphics.

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知识经济中的矿业

国土资源情报 2001年第9期 -页

作者： d.humphreys 陈丽萍

知识经济对矿业意义深远。信息和通讯技术的普及明显地促进了经济增长,使全球矿产需求增加。因为这些技术特别依赖于电器和发电。在供给方面,信息和通讯技术通过创造一系列新的“范围经济”推动了矿业的联合。同知识经济相伴而生的,是...

知识经济对矿业意义深远。信息和通讯技术的普及明显地促进了经济增长,使全球矿产需求增加。因为这些技术特别依赖于电器和发电。在供给方面,信息和通讯技术通过创造一系列新的“范围经济”推动了矿业的联合。同知识经济相伴而生的,是矿业的增值从更依赖于矿床发现和资本使用转向更依赖于使用智力对已知矿床进行研究以及提高资本的效率。此外,社会期望的变化拓宽了同矿业成功息息相关的知识范围,为矿业取得竞争优势增加了新领域。表面上看起来,矿业是新经济的对立物。不过,可以分析一下英国政府最近的一份文件中对新经济的定义。。知识驱动的经济是指在财富的创造中知识的产生和利用已经发挥了最显著的作用。这种经济不只是不断地创造知识前缘的经济;它还是在各种方式的经济活动中对各类知识加以更有效利用和开发的经济。” 本文将堤出将提高知识作为经济增长引擎的重要性的四个“相互加强的过程”。这四个过程是信息和通讯技术革命,全球竞争加剧,科技进步速度加快,需求方式改变。所有这些过程都同矿业部门密切相关,体现在对矿业界身在其中的环境的改变以及矿业界的经营方式上。尽管没有哪一个是绝对的新生事物,但至少可以有争议地认为,由于所说的新经济的到来,使上述四个过程增加了一...

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如何开展化学基础课教学

大学化学 1987年第4期2卷 14-16页

作者： d. A. humphreys 李立曼加拿大McMaster大学化学系

本文根据humphreys教授1985年10月在北京讲学的提纲和录音整理而成。文章强调教学内容一定要少而精,明确指出化学基础课教学应以元素化学为主,把事实放在第一位,从事实中引出理论。教学方法的选定要立足于学生。文章列出了选择教学方法... 详细信息

本文根据humphreys教授1985年10月在北京讲学的提纲和录音整理而成。文章强调教学内容一定要少而精,明确指出化学基础课教学应以元素化学为主,把事实放在第一位,从事实中引出理论。教学方法的选定要立足于学生。文章列出了选择教学方法的注意事项;对优秀教师所应具有的特点进行了详细的描述。

关键词：基础课文章教学方法必修课学生学习

The keele curriculum model: A contemporary framework for designing an inter-professional technology enhanced nursing curriculum

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Open Journal of Nursing 2013年第4期3卷 358-362页

作者： Melanie humphreys Ian Wood Carol d. Johnson Pauline N. Walsh Nicola Witton Julie Green Sarah Corkhill University Hospital of North Staffordshire NHS Trust Clinical Education Centre School of Nursing and Midwifery Keele University Stoke-on-Trent UK

This paper outlines a curriculum model for contemporary programme design for the purpose of embedding educational innovation and technology within an inter-professional nursing curriculum. It has been developed from work within the School of Nursing and Midwifery at Keele University during the re-write of both the nursing and midwifery curriculum. The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) require approval of all recordable programmes every five years and as such the school took this review as an opportunity to explore the curriculum model currently in use and develop an approach that would facilitate the professional requirements of the programme alongside the embedding of innovative learning and teaching methodologies. The model springs from extensive application of contemporary pedagogy underpinning adult learning, and forces consideration of cognitive alignment within a multi-modal delivery framework [1]. The model builds upon the early work of Fowler and Mayes [2] and later work of Bird [3] who explored the antecedents and underpinning theory for success within online learning experiences. This model has greater reach;having strategic fit for acontemporary “technology enhanced learning” application within further and higher education [4], whilst ensuring the achievement of given professional standards [5].

关键词： Nursing Curriculum Inter-Professional Technology-Enhanced Model Keele

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病例报道:1例选择性自我透视抑制障碍患者

世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 30-31页

作者： Samson d. Apperly I.A. Kathirgamanathan U. humphreys G.W. 张殿增 Behavioural Brain Sciences Centre School of Psychology-Hills Building University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom

Little is known about the functional and neural architecture of social reasoning, one major obstacle being that we crucially lack the relevant tools to test potentially different social reasoning components. In the case of belief reasoning, previous studies have tried to separate the processes involved in belief reasoning per se from those involved in the processing of the high incidental demands such as the working memory demands of typical belief tasks. In this study, we developed new belief tasks in order to disentangle, for the first time, two perspective taking components involved in belief reasoning: (i) the ability to inhibit one’s own perspective (self-perspective inhibition); and (ii) the ability to infer someone else’s perspective as such (other-perspective taking). The two tasks had similar demands in other-perspective taking as they both required the participant to infer that a character has a false belief about an objects location. However, the tasks varied in the self-perspective inhibition demands. In the task with the lowest self-perspective inhibition demands, at the time the participant had to infer the character’s false belief, he or she had no idea what the new objects location was. In contrast, in the task with the highest self-perspective inhibition demands, at the time the participant had to infer the characters false belief, he or she knew where the object was actually located (and this knowledge had thus to be inhibited). The two tasks were presented to a stroke patient, WBA, with right prefrontal and temporal damage. WBA performed well in the low-inhibition false-belief task but showed striking difficulty in the task placing high self-perspective inhibition demands, showing a selective deficit in inhibiting self-perspective. WBA also made egocentric errors in oth er social and visual perspective taking tasks, indicating a difficulty with beli ef attribution extending to the attribution of emotions, desires and visual expe riences to other p

关键词：抑制需求工作记忆需求行为功能过程神经系统结构额颞部精神学