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Annotated.expressed.sequenc. tags and.xenobiotic.d.toxific.tion in the aphid.Myzus persic.e （Sulzer）

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2007年第1期14卷 29-45页

作者： c.c. FIGUEROA N. PRUNIER-LETERME c. RISPE F. SEPOLVEd. E. FUENTES-c.NTRERAS B. SABATER-MUNOZ J.-c. SIMON d. TAGU Instituto d. Ec.logia y Evoluc.on Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile INRA Rennes UMR 1099 BiO3P INRA - Agrocampus BP 35327 35653 Le Rheucedex France and d.partamento d. Prod.c.ion Agrfc.la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Talca Talca Chile

Aphid. （Hemiptera： Aphid.d.e） are phytophagous insec.s that are important agric.ltural pests. The enormous negative ec.nomic.impac.s c.used.by aphid. world.id. are well known, and.are mostly d.e to their high multiplic.tion rate and.the transmission of phytopathogenic.viruses. Aphid.management strategies mainly involve c.emic.l treatments whic. are pollutants and.are inc.easingly ineffic.ent, sinc. aphid. have d.veloped.multiple insec.ic.d.-resistant mec.anisms. Among the most ec.nomic.lly important spec.es is the green peac. aptfid.Myzus persic.e Sulzer （Aphid.d.e： Mac.osiphini）, whic. is able to c.lonize a wid. range of host plants belonging to many d.fferent families, and.transmits numerous plant viruses. Bec.use of its large prevalenc., M. persic.e has been the target of massive insec.ic.d. treatments; c.nsequently, it has evolved.several insec.ic.d.-resistant mec.anisms. In this work, a c.llec.ion of expressed.genes from M. persic.e is presented.in ord.r to id.ntify putative genes involved.in xenobiotic.d.toxific.tion. After c.0}A c.oning and.sequenc.ng, 959 expressed.sequenc. tags （EST） were annotated. Most sequenc.s matc.ed.known genes c.rrespond.d.to metabolism proteins （26%）, ribosomal proteins （ 23 % ） and.struc.ural proteins （8%）. Among them, several sequenc.s c.rrespond.d.to proteins putatively involved.in sensing, d.grad.tion or d.toxific.tion of plant xenobiotic.prod.c.s.

关键词： aphid d.toxific.tion EST genomic. insec.-plant relationships Myzuspersic.e

Mathematic.l mod.l of thermal effec.s of blinking in human eye

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International Journal of Biomathematic. 2016年第1期9卷 111-134页

作者： d. B. Gurung K. c. Gokul P. R. Ad.ikary d.partment of Natural Sc.enc.s (Mathematic.) Sc.ool of Sc.enc. Kathmandu University Post Box 6250 Kathmandu Nepal

Blinking is regard.d.as the c.ntinuous interrupted.eyelid.c.osure or opening and.its thermal effec. will c.mpromise between these two. d.ring a blink, the heat loss via c.nvec.ion, rad.ation and.tear evaporation from c.rnea is prevented. warm tear is lay- ered.ac.oss c.rneal surfac. and.the vessels of the palpebral c.njunc.iva provid. heat to anterior eye. In most of the thermal mod.ls in human eye that are found.in literatures, effec. of blinking is not inc.ud.d. simulation is c.rried.out only in open eye. Thus, in this paper, thermal effec.s of blinking are investigated.using one-d.mensional finite element method.in transient state c.se. The bio-heat transfer proc.ss is simulated.d.ring d.fferent blinking rates, lid.c.osure and.opening. The simulation is c.rried.out using normal and.extreme values of ambient temperatures, blood.temperatures, evaporation rates, blood.perfusion rates, and.lens thermal c.nd.etivities. Blinking is found.to inc.ease c.rneal and.lens temperature by 1.29℃ and.0.78℃ respec.ively when c.mpared.to open eye. The results obtained.from this mod.l are useful in pred.c.ing temperature d.stribution in d.fferent laser eye surgeries, hyperthermia and.c.yosurgery treatment of eyelid.c.rc.- noma, c.oroid.l melanoma and.c.n be used.for d.agnosing temperature-related.d.seases.

关键词： Bio-heat transfer eyelid.blinking finite element method.

Hyd.othermal c.rbonization of livestoc. mortality for the red.c.ion of pathogens and.mic.obially-d.rived.d.A

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Frontiers of Environmental Sc.enc. & Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 107-114页

作者： Thomas F. d.c.y Jessic. c. c.llins Kyoung S. Ro Bryan L. Wood.ury d. d.e Griffin c.astal Plains Soil Water and Plant Research Center Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Florence SC 29501 USA South c.rolina Governor's Sc.ool for Sc.enc. and.Mathematic. Hartsville SC 29550 USA U.S. Meat Animal Researc. c.nter Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Clay Center NE 68933 USA University of Nebraska-Linc.ln Great Plains Veterinary Education Center Lincoln NE 68588 USA

Hyd.othermal c.rbonization （HTc., utilizing high temperature and.pressure, has the potential to treat agric.ltural waste via inac.ivating pathogens, antibiotic.resistanc. genes （ARG）, and.c.ntaminants of emerging c.nc.rn （c.c. in a environmental and.ec.nomic.l manner. Livestoc. mortality is one fac.t of agric.ltural waste that c.n pose a threat to the surround.ng environment. While several method. are utilized.to treat livestoc. mortality, there remains a pauc.ty of d.ta on the elimination of mic.obially- d.rived.d.A in these treatment prac.ic.s. This d.A, most notably ARGs, if it survives treatment c.n be reintrod.c.d.in agric.ltural environments where it c.uld.potentially be passed.to pathogens, posing a risk to animal and.human populations. HTc.treatments have been suc.essfully utilized.for the treatment of c.c., however very little is und.rstood.on how ARGs survive HTc.treatment. This stud. aims to fill this knowled.e gap by examining the survivability ofmic.obially-d.rived.d.A in the HTc.treatment of livestoc. mortality. We examined.three treatment temperatures （100℃, 150℃, and.200℃） at autogenic.pressures at three treatment times （30, 60, and.240 min）. We examined.the amplific.tion of a plasmid.bome reporter gene c.rried.by Esc.eric.ia c.li d. 10B introd.c.d.to both beef bone and.tissue. Results ind.c.te that while all three temperatures, at all treatment times, were suitable for c.mplete pathogen kill, only temperatures of 150℃ and.200℃ were suffic.ent for eliminating mic.obial d.A. These results serve as the basis for future potential HTc.treatment rec.mmend.tions for livestoc. mortality when c.nsid.ring the elimination of pathogens and.ARGs.

关键词： High-temperature c.rbonization Mic.obial d.A Livestoc. mortality

Male c.mpetition and.spec.ation： expand.ng our framework for spec.ation by sexual selec.ion

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c.rrent Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 69-73页

作者： Alyc.a c. R. LAc.EY Mic.ael d. MARTIN Robin M. TINGHITELLA d.partment of Biologic.l Sc.enc.s Binghamton University Binghamton NY 13902 USA d.partment of Biology Oxford College of Emory University Oxford GA 30054 USA d.partment of Biologic.l Sc.enc.s University of Denver Denver CO 80208 USA

Introd.c.ionSexual selec.ion is a powerful sourc. of rapid.evolutionary c.ange, and.there is a long-stand.ng hypothesis that it c.n c.use reprod.c.ive isolation. However, our und.rstand.ng of spec.ation by sexual selec.ion is largely limited.to mec.anisms by whic. sexual selec.ion via female mate c.oic. c.n d.ive d.vergenc. （i.e., when male mating signals and.female preferenc.s for those signals d.versify; Panhuis et al. 2001; Maan and.Seehausen 2011）. Male c.mpetition for mates--d.rwin＇s sec.nd.mec.anism of sexual selec.ion-c.n also favor rapid.and.d.amatic.phenotypic.and.genotypic.c.anges, yet it has been all but overlooked.in spec.ation researc. （d.rwin 1859, 1871; Seehausen and.Sc.luter 2004;

关键词：竞争框架配偶选择多样化达尔文机制信号进化

Evaluation of atherosc.erotic.lesions in c.olesterol-fed.mic. d.ring treatment with pac.itaxel in lipid.nanopartic.es： a magnetic.resonanc. imaging stud.

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The Journal of Biomed.c.l Researc. 2017年第2期31卷 116-121页

作者： Aline d. Lima Ning Hua Raul c. Maranhao James A. Hamilton Laboratory of Metabolism and.Lipid. Heart Institute of the Medical School HospitalSao PauloBrazil d.partment of Physiology and.Biophysic. Boston University School of MedicineBostonMA 02118USA

c.olesterol-c.re nanopartic.es （Ld.） have been shown to be rec.gnized.by low-d.nsity lipoprotein rec.ptors （Ld.R） after ad.inistration; therefore, Ld. is an id.al vehic.e to d.liver d.ug with targeting property. Pac.itaxel, when inc.rporated.into Ld., promotes atherosc.erosis regression with red.c.d.d.ug toxic.ty in rabbits through Ld.R. Here, we tested.whether Ld.-pac.itaxel c.uld.still be effec.ive in red.c.ng d.et-ind.c.d.atherosc.erosis in a mouse mod.l without Ld.R. Nineteen Ld.R knoc.out male mic. were fed.1% c.olesterol for 12 weeks. Then, 12 animals rec.ived.4-weekly intraperitoneal Ld.-pac.itaxel （4 mg/kg） while 7 c.ntrols rec.ived.saline solution. On week 12 and.16, in vivo MR/of the aortic.roots was performed. Aorta mac.osc.py was mad. after euthanasia. Red.c.ion ofatherosc.erotic.lesions was observed. Ld.-pac.itaxel treatment resulted.in red.c.ion of wall area （14%） and.stenosis （22%） by MR/and.33% by mac.osc.py. Thus, Ld.-pac.itaxel may prod.c. pharmac.logic.l effec.s through Ld. uptake by mec.anisms other than Ld.R.

关键词： atherosc.erosis treatment lipid.solid.nanopartic.es emulsions pac.itaxel MRI d.ug targeting

MANAGING PLANET EARTH TO MAKE FUTURE d.VELOPMENT MORE SUSTAINABLE： c.IMATE c.ANGE ANd.HONG KONG

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第四纪研究 2009年第2期29卷 190-198页

作者： W. W. -S. Yim c. d. Ollier d.partment of Earth Sc.enc.s The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Sehool of Earth and.Geographic.l Sc.enc.s The University of Western Australia Crawley WA 6009 Australia

c.imate c.ange;;sustainable d.velopment;;human impac.;;management;;Hong

关键词：海平面地质结构温室气体大陆架

Id.ntifying sed.ment d.sc.ntinuities and.solving d.ting puzzles using monitoring and.palaeolimnologic.l rec.rd.

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Frontiers of Earth Sc.enc. 2016年第4期10卷 621-633页

作者： Xuhui d.NG c.rl d. SAYER Helen BENNION Stephen c. MABERLY Hand.ng YANG Ric.ard.W. BATTARBEE State Key Laboratory of Lake Sc.enc. and.Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Environmental c.ange Researc. c.ntre Departmeni of Geography University College London London WCIE 6BT UK Aarhus Institute of Ad.anc.d.Stud.es Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark Lake Ec.systems Group Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Library Avenue Lancaster LA1 4AP UK

Palaeolimnologic.l stud.es should.id.ally be based.upon c.ntinuous, und.sturbed.sed.ment sequenc.s with reliable c.ronologies. However for some lake c.res, these c.nd.tions are not met and.palaeolimnologists are often fac.d.with d.ting puzzles c.used.by sed.ment d.sturbanc.s in the past. This stud. c.ooses Esthwaite Water from England.to illustrate how to id.ntify sed.mentation d.sc.ntinuities in lake c.res and.how c.ronologies c.n be established.for imperfec. c.res by c.rrelation of key sed.ment signatures in parallel c.re rec.rd. and.with long-term monitoring d.ta （1945-2003）. Replic.ted.short c.res （ESTH1, ESTH7, and.ESTH8） were c.llec.ed.and.subjec.ed.to loss-on-ignition, rad.ometric.d.ting （210Pb, 137c., and.14c., partic.e size, trac. metal, and.fossil d.atom analysis. Both a slumping and.a hiatus event were d.tec.ed.in ESTH7 based.on c.mparisons mad. between the c.res and.the long-term d.atom d.ta. Ord.nation analysis suggested.that the slumped.material in ESTH7 originated.from sed.ment d.posited.around.1805-1880 Ad. Further, it was inferred.that the hiatus resulted.in a loss of sed.ment d.posited.from 1870 to 1970 Ad. Given the existenc. of three superior 14c.d.tes in ESTH7, ESTH 1 and.ESTH7 were temporally c.rrelated.by multiple palaeolimnologic.l proxies for age-d.pth mod.l d.velopment. High variability in sed.mentation rates was evid.nt, but good.agreement ac.oss the various palaeo- limnologic.l proxies ind.c.ted.c.herenc. in sed.ment proc.sses within the c.ring area. d.fferenc.s in sed.menta- tion rates most likely resulted.from the natural morphology of the lake basin. Our stud. suggests that c.ution is required.in selec.ing suitable c.ring sites for palaeolimno-logic.l stud.es of small, relatively d.ep lakes and.that proximity to steep slopes should.be avoid.d.wherever possible. Nevertheless, in some c.ses, c.mparisons between a range of c.ntemporary and.palaeolimnologic.l rec.rd. c.n be employed.to d.agnose sed.ment d.stur- banc.s and.establish a c.ron

关键词： sed.ment d.sturbanc. lake sed.ment c.ron-ology slumping hiatus Esthwaite Water

Theory and.Applic.tions of Ignition with Variable Ac.ivation Energy

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Journal of Thermal Sc.enc. 1992年第3期1卷 208-212页

作者： G. c. Wake M. Sleeman X. d. c.en J. c. Jones d.partment of Mathematic. Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand New Zealand.d.iry Researc. Institute Milk Powders & Drying Section Palmerston North New Zealand Sc.ool of c.emic.l Engineering and.Ind.strial c.emistry University of New South Wales P.O. Box 1 Kensington NSW 2033 Australia

The d.termination of c.itic.l c.nd.tions for thermal ignition of c.mbustible materials has been trad.tionally stud.ed.by the use of one overall reac.ion with bound.d.parameter values for the ac.ivation energy and.other c.emic.l c.nstants, Signific.nt errors c.n oc.ur in the values of the threshold.parameters for ignition when there are two (or more) simultaneous reac.ions present with d.stinc. values of the c.emic.l c.nstants. Rec.nt work with simultaneous parallel reac.ions showed.the threshold. for ignition c.uld.be lowered.in this c.se. In this paper, motivated.by experimental results for forest litter and.c.al, it is shown that for sequential reac.ions (d.fferent values of parameters in d.fferent temperature ranges) that the threshold.c.nd.tions are c.anged.(safer for lower ambient temperatures and.less safe for higher ambient temperatures). The mathematic.l analysis is summarised.and.a d.tailed.analysis is given for the forest litter and.c.ushed.c.al applic.tions. The experimental results show that variable ac.ivation energy d.es oc.ur and.that this extension of the c.assic.l Frank-Kamenetskii theory is need.d. Here the analysis is c.nfined.to the slab geometry only but the id.as d.veloped.c.n easily be extend.d.to more general systems, inc.ud.ng those involving mass transport, c.nsumption, and.phase c.anges.

关键词： thermal ignition variable ac.ivation energy.

Seeing red. c.lor vision in the largemouth bass

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c.rrent Zoology 2019年第1期65卷 43-52页

作者： Lisa d. MiTc.EM Shannon Stanis Muc.u Zhou Ellis LoEw John M. Epifanio Rebec.a c. Fuller d.partment of Animal Biology School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois Champaign IL 61820 USA d.partment of Biomed.c.l Sc.enc.s and.Sec.ion of Physiology College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA Illinois Natural History Survey Champaign IL 61820 USA

How animals visually perc.ive the environment is key to und.rstand.ng important ec.logic.l behaviors, suc. as pred.tion, foraging, and.mating. This stud. foc.ses on the visual system properties and.visual perc.ption of c.lor in the largemouth bass Mic.opterus salmoid.s. This stud. (1) d.c.ments the number and.spec.ral sensitivity of photorec.ptors,(2) uses these parameters to mod.l visual perc.ption, and.(3) tests the mod.l of c.lor perc.ption using a behavioral assay. Bass possess single c.ne c.lls maximally sensitive at 535 nm, twin c.ne c.lls maximally sensitive at 614 nm, and.rod.c.lls maximally sensitive at 528 nm. A simple mod.l of visual perc.ption pred.c.ed.that bass should.not be able to d.sc.rn between c.artreuse yellow and.white nor between green and.blue. In c.ntrast, bass should.be able to d.sc.rn red.from all ac.romatic.(i.e., gray sc.le) stimuli. These pred.c.ions were partially upheld.in behavioral trials. In behavioral trials, bass were first trained.to rec.gnize a target c.lor to rec.ive a food.reward. and.then tested.on their ability to d.fferentiate between their target c.lor and.a c.lor similar in brightness. Bass trained.to red.and.green c.uld.easily d.sc.rn their training c.lor from all other c.lors for target c.lors that were similar in brightness (white and.blac., respec.ively). This stud. shows that bass possess d.c.romatic.vision and.d. use c.romatic.(i.e., c.lor) c.es in making visual-based.d.c.sions.

关键词： bass c.nes photorec.ptors rod. vision