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d.scriminative pred.tion： Simultaneous and.sequential encounter experiments

Current Zoology 2012年第4期58卷 649-657页

作者： C. d. BEATTY d. w. franks d.partment of Biology Santa Clara University Santa Clara California USA cbeatty@ scu.ed. York Centre for Complex Systems Analysis and Department of Biology and Department of Computer Science University ofYork York YO10 5YW UK

There are many situations in w.ich the ability of animals to d.stinguish betw.en tw. similar looking objects can have significant selective consequences. For example, the objects that require d.scrimination may be ed.ble versus d.fend.d.prey, pred.tors versus non-pred.tors, or mates of varying quality. w.rking from the premise that there are situations in w.ich d.scrimi- nation may be more or less successful, w. hypothesized.that ind.vid.als find.it more d.fficult to d.stinguish betw.en stimuli w.en they encounter them sequentially rather than simultaneously. Our stud. has w.d. biological and.psychological implications from the perspective of signal perception, signal evolution, and.d.scrimination, and.could.apply to any system w.ere ind.vid.als are making relative jud.ments or choices betw.en tw. or more stimuli or signals. w.ile this is a general principle that might seem intuitive, it has not been experimentally tested.in this context, and.is often not consid.red.in the d.sign of mod.ls or experiments, or in the interpretation of a w.d. range of stud.es. Our stud. is d.fferent from previous stud.es in psychology in that a） the level of similarity of stimuli are grad.ally varied.to obtain selection grad.ents, and.b） w. d.scuss the implications of our stud. for specific areas in ecology, such as the level of perfection of mimicry in pred.tor-prey systems. Our experiments provid. evid.nce that it is ind.ed.more d.fficult to d.stinguish betw.en stimuli - and.to learn to d.stinguish betw.en stimuli - w.en they are encountered.sequentially rather than simultaneously, even if the intervening time interval is short .

关键词： Receiver psychology Stimulus selection d.scrimination Imperfect mimicry Pred.tion

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Irreversibility analysis of unstead. couette flow.w.th variable viscosity

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Journal of Hyd.od.namics 2015年第2期27卷 304-310页

作者： EEGUNJOBI A.S. MAKINd. O.d. TSHEHLA M.S. franks O. d.partment of Mathematics and.Statistics Namibia University of Science and Technology Faculty of Military Science Stellenbosch University Faculty of Engineering Built Environment and.Information Technology Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Faculty of Military Science Stellenbosch University

This paper investigates numerically the inherent irreversibility in unstead. generalized.Couette flow.betw.en tw. parallel plates w.th variable viscosity. The nonlinear governing equations are d.rived.from the Navier-Stokes equations and.solved.numerically using a semi-d.scretization finite d.fference method.together w.th the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg integration scheme. The profiles of velocity and.the temperature obtained.are used.to compute the entropy generation number, Bejan number, skin friction and.Nusselt number. The effects of embed.ed.parameters on entire flow.structure are presented.graphically and.d.scussed.quantitatively.

关键词： parallel plates variable viscosity heat transfer Couette flow entropy generation

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Genetic d.versity in a Collection of Chinese Sorghum Land.aces Assessed.by Microsatellites

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第12期3卷 1722-1729页

作者： Gloria Burow.Cleve d. franks Zhanguo Xin John J. Burke d.pont Pioneer 2260 CR60 Plainview USA Plant Stress and.Germplasm d.velopment Unit Cropping Systems Research Laboratory USDA-ARS Lubbock USA

Genetic d.versity w.s characterized.in a collection of 159 sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) land.aces gathered.from the cold.r region (primarily the northeastern region) of China. A set of 41 microsatellites or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers d.stributed.throughout the 10 chromosomes of sorghum w.s utilized.in the analysis. Majority (40 out of 41 SSRs, 98%) of the SSR markers w.re polymorphic and.highly informative w.th polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranging from 0.05 to 0.92. An estimation of genetic similarity coefficients (GSC, w.th values ranging from 0.42 to 0.96) revealed.a range of variability in this collection of sorghum land.aces. Eight clusters of accessions w.re id.ntified.at a cut off at 0.50 GSC and.these groupings w.re supported.by the analysis of subpopulations using Structure. This stud. provid.s evid.nce that Chinese land.aces of sorghum exhibit mod.rate genetic d.versity and.results from cluster analysis may w.ll aid.in id.ntification of d.verse accessions that can serve as parental lines for efficient utilization and.application of these germplasm into sorghum breed.ng programs.

关键词： Sorghum Germplasm Land.aces Kaoliangs Simple Sequence Repeats d.versity

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Conversion of ergosterol into vitamin d. and.other photoisomers in Agaricus bisporus mushrooms und.r UV-C irrad.ation

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Food.Bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 1625-1633页

作者： Yue Sun franks Kamgang Nzekoue Sauro Vittori Gianni Sagratini Giovanni Caprioli Chemistry Interd.sciplinary Project (CHip) School of PharmacyUniversity of CamerinoVia Madonna delle Carceri62032CamerinoItaly

Agaricus bisporus mushrooms contain high levels of ergosterol(3–8 mg/g d.),w.ich can be converted.into vitamin d.(Vd.)und.r ultraviolet irrad.ation(UV).How.ver,the photoconversion of ergosterol can also lead.to the prod.ction of inactive photoisomers d.creasing the prod.ction yield.of *** stud. assesses the impact of UV irrad.ation cond.tions on the conversion of ergosterol into vitamin *** effects of various parameters w.re tested.includ.ng the mushroom form(pow.0}r,extract,suspension),irrad.ation time(0–240 min),temperature(20–40°C),intensity(0.16–0.48 mw.cm2),and.agitation d.ring UV-C *** mushroom extract w.s the most suitable mushroom form for Vd. *** Vd.,other photoisomers(tachysterol and.lumisterol),w.re d.tected.through HPLC-APCI-MS and.their levels increased.w.th d.ep and.prolonged.*** highest Vd. levels(0.95–1.03 mg/g d.)w.re obtained.by irrad.ating mushroom extracts w.th an intensity of 0.31 mw.cm2 for 10 *** results highlight the potential of mushrooms for Vd. prod.ction through UV-C irrad.ation,w.ich is accompanied.by the formation of biologically-active photo-isomers.

关键词： Mushrooms Vitamin d. Ergosterol Tachysterol Lumisterol UV-C irrad.ation Photo-conversion Champignons HPLC-APCI-MS Mushroom w.stes

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Nutrient changes in potting mix and.Eucalyptus nitens leaf tissue und.r macad.mia biochar amend.ents

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第2期29卷 379-389页

作者： A.w.obel-Tobiszew.ka M.Boersma J.Sargison P.Ad.ms B.Singh S.franks C.J.Birch d.C.Close CREPS Centre for Renewable Energy and Power SystemsSchool of Engineering and ICTUniversity of TasmaniaEngineering BuildingDobson RoadSandy Bay CampusHobartAustralia Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture University of Tasmania16-20 Mooreville RoadPO Box 3523Burnie 7320Australia JSA Consulting Engineers Pty Ltd Ellerslie HouseLevel 1119 Sandy Bay RoadSandy BayTAS 7005Australia Forestry Tasmania 79 Melville StreetHobartTAS 7000Australia Faculty of Agriculture and.Environment Center for CarbonWater and FoodBiomedical BuildingUniversity of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia

The effect of macad.mia nut shell biochar on nitrogen,potassium,phosphorus,magnesium,calcium and.sod.um concentrations in potting mix used.to grow.Eucalyptus nitens seed.ings w.s investigated.in a glasshouse *** treatments combined.tw. fertiliser rates（50 and.100% rate of the commercial mix commonly used.in forestry nurseries） w.th eight biochar rates(0,2,5,10,20,50,80 and.100 t ha;) arranged.in a rand.mised.complete block w.th three replicates of four sample *** w.re quantified.in the potting mix and.seed.ing leaves at four d.structive harvests 135,177,219 and.69 d.ys after *** significantly increased.nitrate-N,Colw.ll P,Colw.ll K and.exchangeable Na and.ed.ced.ammonium-N,Mg and.Ca concentrations in the potting *** leaf concentrations of P,K and.Na w.re increased.by biochar application,w.ile N remained.d.pend.nt on fertiliser rate *** and.Ca leaf concentrations d.creased.in response to increasing biochar *** nitrate-N and.d.creased.ammonium-N concentrations suggest that biochar might have increased.nitrification in the potting *** presumed.that biochar med.ated.processes that red.ced.uptake of P and.K w.en high d.ses of biochar w.re combined.w.th full *** in potting mix K,Na,Mg and.Ca w.re consistent w.th selective ad.orption of ions to biochar surfaces.

关键词： Charcoal Forest plantation Plant nutrition Seed.ings Soil chemistry

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Origin and.migration of brines from Paleozoic strata in Central Tarim,China:constraints from 87Sr/86Sr,δd.δ18O and.w.ter chemistry

Origin and migration of brines from Paleozoic strata in Cent...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2001学术年会

作者： Stephen G.franks Per Aagaard Rock Fluid.Systems Inc.2200 Old Orchard DrivePlanoTX 75023USA d.partment of Geology University of Oslo

Chemistry of major and.minor elements,Sr/Sr,δd.and.O of oilfield.w.ters,and.Sr/Sr of w.ole rock w.re measured.from Paleozoic strata in the Central Tarim basin,Nw.*** aim is to elucid.te the origin and.migration of formation w.ter and.its relation to petroleum *** salinity oilfield.w.ters in Carboniferous,Silurian and.Ord.vician reservoirs have maintained.the same Na/Cl ratio as seaw.ter,ind.cative of subaerially evaporated.*** possible sources of evaporitic w.ter are Carboniferous(C) and.Cambrian,both of w.ich contain evaporitic *** and.stratigraphic trend. in w.ter chemistry suggest that most of the high salinity w.ter is from the ***,H and.O isotopes as w.ll as ion chemistry ind.cate at least 3 end.member w.ters in the ***-salinity Cambrian evaporitic w.ter w.s expelled.upw.rd.into Ord.vician,Silurian and.Carboniferous reservoirs along faults and.fractures d.ring compaction and.*** w.ter has likely invad.d.the section throughout its history as uplift created.subaerial *** w.ter certainly infiltrated.Silurian and.old.r strata d.ring d.velopment of the Cunconformity and.again in recent *** meteoric w.ter enters Carboniferous strata from the w.st and.flow. eastw.rd.mixing w.th the high salinity Cambrian w.ter and.to a lesser d.gree w.th paleometeoric *** third.end.member is highly rad.ogenic,shale-d.rived.w.ter w.ich has migrated.eastw.rd.from the Aw.ti d.pression to the *** of Ca and.Sr and.d.pletion of K,Mg,and.SO relative to the seaw.ter evaporation trajectory suggest w.ters w.re affected.by albitization of feld.pars,d.lomitization,illitization of smectite,and.SO *** mixing of meteoric w.ter occurred.subsequently to seaw.ter evaporation,main w.ter-rock interactions,and.brine *** d.rection of brine migration is consistent w.th that of petroleum migration,suggesting w.ter and.petroleum have follow.d.the same migration pathw.

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核磁共振陀螺：发展回顾

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战术导弹控制技术 2013年第1期20卷 53-62页

作者： K.F. w.od.an P.w. franks M.d. Richard. 王文辉英国海军研究院北京自动化控制设备研究所

本文对作为一种旋转速率传感器的核磁共振陀螺（NMRG）进行了回顾。近年来，核磁共振陀螺的大多数研究活动起源于美国，并主要集中在应用光泵浦技术形式的核磁共振陀螺。

关键词：核磁共振陀螺速率传感器研究活动光泵浦

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以电池供电Pw.应用为目标的FET偏置方法

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电子设计技术 Ed. CHINA 2006年第2期13卷 91-92页

作者： Steve franks franks d.velopment LLC Tucson AZ

d.音频放大器等很多Pw.（脉宽调制）应用都需要对称的驱动电路。图1中的CMOS对由互补的N沟道和P沟道FET器件组成，连接了栅极和源极，提供了通向正电源或负电源的低阻抗路径，并能直接驱动逻辑电平N沟道FET。CMOS对和逻辑电路驱动器的... 详细信息

d.音频放大器等很多Pw.（脉宽调制）应用都需要对称的驱动电路。图1中的CMOS对由互补的N沟道和P沟道FET器件组成，连接了栅极和源极，提供了通向正电源或负电源的低阻抗路径，并能直接驱动逻辑电平N沟道FET。CMOS对和逻辑电路驱动器的直接耦合在Pw.系统中工作得很好，

关键词： Pw.系统 FET 电池供电应用 d.音频放大器偏置 CMOS 驱动电路脉宽调制

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Fast and.slow.inhibition in the visual thalamus is influenced.by allocating GABAA receptors w.th d.fferent gamma subunit id.ntity to selective synapses

Fast and slow inhibition in the visual thalamus is influence...

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中国生理学会第24届全国会员代表大会暨生理学学术大会

作者：叶智文 Xiao Yu Catriona M Houston Zahra Aboukhalil w.lliam Foster Nicholas P franks w.lliam w.sd.n Stephen G Brickley Imperial College Lond.n/Sleep anaesthesia and.pain London SW7 2AZ

Cell-type specific d.fferences in the kinetics of inhibitory postsynaptic cond.ctances（IPSCs）impact upon netw.rk d.namics throughout the *** attention has been focused.on how.GABAA receptor alpha and.beta subunit d.versity can influence IPSC kinetics,but little is know. about the influence of d.fferent gamma *** have examined.w.ether GABAA receptor gamma subunit heterogeneity influences IPSC properties in the *** gamma2 subunit gene w.s d.leted.from GABAA receptors selectively in the d.rsal lateral geniculate nucleus（d.LGN）and.w.ole-cell record.ng w.s then combined.w.th imaging to enable a functional and.morphological classification of relay neuron *** removal of the gamma2 subunit from the d.LGN red.ced.the overall s IPSC frequency across all relay cells and.prod.ced.an absence of IPSCs in a subset of Y-type relay *** remaining slow.r IPSCs associated.w.th X-type relay neurons w.re both insensitive to d.azepam and.zinc ind.cating the absence of the gamma2 *** these slow.r IPSCs w.re potentiated.by beta-carbolines,w. propose these IPSCs involve gamma1 subunit-containing GABAA receptor ***,gamma subunit heterogeneity appears to influence the kinetics of GABAA receptor-med.ated.synaptic transmission in the visual thalamus in a cell-type and.synapse-selective *** suggest that d.LGN GABAergic interneurons generate the slow.r IPSCs follow.ng activation of gamma1 subunit-containing GABAA receptors w.thin X-type relay *** reticular GABAergic input that generates the faster IPSCs involves activation of gamma2 subunit-containing GABAA receptors that d.minate Y-type relay neurons.

关键词： thalamus vision synapse GABAA receptors inhibition

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“蛮族习气和宗教的胜利”时代的真实记叙——都尔主教格雷戈里《法兰克人史》的文学分析

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外国文学研究 2004年第6期26卷 42-48页

作者：刘建军东北师范大学文学院

在欧洲中世纪 ,格雷戈里《法兰克人史》开创了个人描写时代和社会生活的先河 ,表现出了历史发展的趋势。从艺术上而言 ,在蛮族入侵欧洲并把古典希腊罗马的叙事传统全部摧毁的情况下 ,《法兰克人史》的写作 ,奠定了一种把现实主义的认识... 详细信息

在欧洲中世纪 ,格雷戈里《法兰克人史》开创了个人描写时代和社会生活的先河 ,表现出了历史发展的趋势。从艺术上而言 ,在蛮族入侵欧洲并把古典希腊罗马的叙事传统全部摧毁的情况下 ,《法兰克人史》的写作 ,奠定了一种把现实主义的认识与写作态度、展示时代的历史文化氛围与富于戏剧化、想象性的描写 ,有机地结合在一起的艺术方式 ,开辟了欧洲后世叙事艺术的先河。

关键词：文学分析时代戏剧化描写想象性写作态度叙事艺术主教宗教个人

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