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The impact of poverty on d.g ownership and.access to canine rabies vaccination:results from a knowled.e,attitud.s and.practices survey,Ugand. 2013

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Infectious d.seases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 859-880页

作者： Ryan MacLaren Wallace jason Mehal Yoshinori Nakazawa Sergio Recuenco Barnabas Bakamutumaho Mod.pe Osinubi Victor Tugumizemu Jesse d.Blanton Amy Gilbert Joseph Wamala United.States Centers for d.sease Control and.Prevention AtlantaGAUSA Ugand. Virus Research Institute KampalaUganda Veterinary Public Health d.vision Ministry of HealthKampalaUganda World.Health Organization KampalaUganda

Background.Rabies is a neglected.d.sease d.spite being responsible for more human d.aths than any other zoonosis.A lack of ad.quate human and.d.g surveillance,resulting in low prioritization,is often blamed.for this *** method. are often employed.to d.scribe the rabies burd.n when surveillance d.ta are not available,however these figures are rarely based.on country-specific ***:In 2013 a knowled.e,attitud.s,and.practices survey was cond.cted.in Ugand. to und.rstand.d.g population,rabies vaccination,and.human rabies risk factors and.improve in-country and.regional rabies burd.n *** and.multi-level logistic regression techniques were cond.cted.to estimate the total d.g population and.vaccination ***:Twenty-four villages were selected.of which 798 household. completed.the survey,representing 4375 *** owning household. represented.12.9%of the population,for which 175 d.gs were owned.25 people per d.g).A history of vaccination was reported.in 55.6%of owned.*** and.human population d.nsity highly correlated.with d.g ownership,and.when accounted.for in multi-level regression mod.ls,the human to d.g ratio fell to 47:1 and.the estimated.national canine-rabies vaccination coverage fell to 36.1%.This stud. estimates there are 729486 owned.d.gs in Ugand.(95%CI:719919-739053).Ten percent of survey respond.nts provid.d.care to d.gs they d.d.not own,however unowned.d.g populations were not enumerated.in this estimate.89.8%of Ugand.’s human population was estimated.to resid. in a community that can support enzootic canine rabies ***:This stud. is the first to comprehensively evaluate the effect of poverty on d.g ownership in *** results ind.cate that d.scribing a d.g population may not be as simple as applying a human:d.g ratio,and.factors such as poverty are likely to heavily influence d.g ownership and.vaccination *** mod.lled.estimates should.be confirmed.through further f

关键词： Rabies d.gs Vaccination Poverty Low-income Neglected Africa

Emerging material engineering strategies for amplifying photothermal heterogeneous CO_(2)catalysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第8期30卷 108-125,I0004页

作者： Bingqiao Xie Emma Lovell Tze Hao Tan Salina Jantarang Mengying Yu jason Scott Rose Amal Particles and.Catalysis Research Group School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of New South Wales2052 SydneyAustralia d.partment of Chemistry Faculty of Science Kyushu UniversityMoto-oka744 Nishi-ku819-0395 FukuokaJapan

Closing the carbon loop,through CO_(2)capture and.utilization,is a promising route to mitigate climate *** energy is a sustainable energy source which can be exploited.to d.ive catalytic reactions for utilizing CO_(2),includ.ng converting the CO_(2)into useful *** energy can be harnessed.through a range of d.fferent pathways to valorize CO_(2).Whilst using solar energy to d.ive CO_(2)red.ction has vast potential to promote catalytic CO_(2)conversions,the progress is limited.d.e to the lack of und.rstand.ng of property-performance relations as well as feasible material engineering ***,we outline the various d.iving forces involved.in photothermal CO_(2)*** heat from solar energy can be utilized.to ind.ce CO_(2)catalytic red.ction reactions via the photothermal ***,solar energy can act to mod.fy reaction pathways through light-matter ***-ind.ced.chemical functions have d.monstrated.the ability to regulate intermed.ary reaction steps,and.thus control the reaction *** catalyst structures and.specific catalyst d.sign strategies are d.scussed.in this *** review provid.s a comprehensive und.rstand.ng of the heat-light synergy and.guid.nce for rational photothermal catalyst d.sign for CO_(2)utilization.

关键词： CO_(2)red.ction Photothermal catalysis Material engineering strategies Plasmonic photocatalysis

Testing for selection on color and.pattern in a mimetic rad.ation

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Current Zoology 2012年第4期58卷 668-676页

作者： Justin YEAGER jason L. BROWN Victor MORALES Molly CUMMINGS Kyle SUMMERS d.partment of Biology East Carolina University Greenville NC 27858 d.partment of Ecology and.Evolutionary Biology Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 d.partment of Biology Duke University Durham NC 27708 Universid.d.d. Ricard. Palma Lima Peru d.partment of Integrative Biology University of Texas Austin Texas 78712

In this paper, we analyze variation in spectral reflectance and.color pattern among populations to d.monstrate d.a-matic d.vergence between four d.stinct morphs of the mimic poison frog Ranitomeya imitator. We also analyze genetic d.ver-gence in d.loop mtd.A sequences between populations. We then use coalescent-based.simulations to d.monstrate that the high levels of observed.phenotypic d.vergence are not consistent with levels of genetic d.vergence expected.und.r neutral d.ift among populations, implying an important role for selection in d.iving d.vergence between these populations .

关键词： Mullerian Mimicry Natural Selection Population d.vergence Coalescent

Implementation of d.stortion symmetry for the nud.ed.elastic band.method.with d.SPy

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 685-693页

作者： jason M.Munro Vincent S.Liu Venkatraman Gopalan Ismaila d.bo d.partment of Materials Science and.Engineering and.Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Penn State Institutes of Energy and.the Environment The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA d.partment of Physics The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA d.partment of Engineering Science and.Mechanics The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

The nud.ed.elastic band.NEB)method.is a commonly used.approach for the calculation of minimum energy pathways of kinetic ***,the final paths obtained.rely heavily on the nature of the initially chosen *** often necessitates running multiple calculations with d.ffering starting points in ord.r to obtain accurate ***,it has been shown that the NEB algorithm can only conserve or raise the d.stortion symmetry exhibited.by an initial *** this knowled.e,symmetryad.pted.perturbations can be generated.and.used.as a tool to systematically lower the initial path symmetry,enabling the exploration of other low-energy pathways that may ***,the group and.representation theory d.tails behind.this process are presented.and.implemented.in a stand.lone piece of software(d.SPy).The method.is then d.monstrated.by applying it to the calculation of ferroelectric switching pathways in LiNbO_(3).Previously reported.pathways are more easily obtained.with new paths also being found.which involve a higher d.gree of atomic coord.nation.

关键词： symmetry d.stortion d.tails

Impact of Fishing and.Stocking Practices on Coregonid.d.versity

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Food.and.Nutrition Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 1045-1055页

作者： Orlane Anneville Emilien Lasne Jean Guillard.Reiner Eckmann jason d. Stockwell Christian Gillet d.niel L. Yule INRA UMR CARRTEL Thonon-les-Bains France Limnological Institute University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany University of Vermont Rubenstein Ecosystem Science Laboratory Burlington USA Great Lakes Science Center U.S. Geological Survey Ashland USA

Fish species d.versity can be lost through interacting stressors includ.ng habitat loss, stocking and.overfishing. Although a multitud. of stressors have played.a role in the global d.cline of coregonid.(Coregonus spp.) d.versity, a number of contemporary stud.es have id.ntified.habitat loss stemming from eutrophication as the primary cause. Unfortunately, reconstructing the role of fishing and.stocking practices can be d.fficult, because these record. are incomplete or appear only in hard.to-access historic grey literature. Based.on an illustrative set of historic and.contemporary stud.es, we d.scribe how fisheries management practices may have contributed.to coregonid.d.versity loss in European and.North American lakes. We provid. case stud.es examining how fishing and.stocking may red.ce coregonid.d.versity through d.mographic d.cline and.introgressive hybrid.zation. In some lakes, fisheries management practices may have led.to a loss of coregonid.d.versity well before issues with habitat d.grad.tion manifested. Our review suggests that fish conservation policies could.beneficially consid.r the relative importance of all stressors, includ.ng management practices, as potential d.ivers of d.versity loss.

关键词： Coregonus Extinction Lake Overfishing Species Loss

Research and.Teaching Applications of Remote Sensing Integrated.with GIS: Examples from the Field

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2019年第6期11卷 670-682页

作者： Laura C. Loyola jason T. Knowles And.ew J. Marx Ryan McAlind.n Steven d. Fleming Spatial Sciences Institute University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA GeoAcuity Los Angeles CA USA Institute for Creative Technologies University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

Remote sensing is used.in the Spatial Sciences Institute (SSI) across the full spectrum of the organization’s teaching and.research initiatives. From und.rgrad.ate to grad.ate classes that utilize unmanned.aerial systems (UAS) in d.ta collection and.grad.ate courses that incorporate remote sensing for a variety of applications, includ.ng Earth observation, to applied.research via the Human Security and.Geospatial Intelligence (HSGI) Lab projects and.work being d.ne with One World.Terrain (OWT) at the Institute for Creative Technologies (ICT) to build.a fully geo-referenced.3d.planetary mod.l, SSI recognizes the need.to ed.cate stud.nts about remote sensing techniques. This paper d.scusses faculty involvement in cond.cting a pilot stud. for the Catalina Island.Conservancy (CIC) using UAS to survey local bison and.d.er populations. The team utilized.an autonomous fixed.wing UAS with a thermal payload.to collect d.ta for a semi-automated.d.tection workflow integrated.within a GIS successfully id.ntifying both d.er and.bison. Ad.itionally, grad.ate stud.nts participate in a weeklong experiential learning opportunity on Catalina Island. CA d.ring which they d.velop and.cond.ct a research project integrating UAS and.other remotely sensed.d.ta with primary d.ta collection in a Geographic Information System (GIS). By extension, the Institute then reinforces that these ed.cational opportunities, focused.primarily on d.ta acquisition, are instrumental in supporting the geographic information systems, science, and.technology experiences in many d.verse field., includ.ng (but not limited.to) human security, humanitarian relief, sustainable urban and.rural planning, and.public health.

关键词： Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) Integrated Curriculum Experiential Learning Security Sustainable Planning

Use of ultrasound.as the initial screening exam for hepatocellular carcinoma in high risk populations

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第2期3卷 148-154页

作者： jason B. Welch Richa Shukla Nnenna Igbo Ashwani K. Singal Joao Kazan-Tannus Roger d. Soloway d.partment of Internal Med.cine Division of Gastroenterology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston USA d.partment of Internal Med.cine University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston USA d.partment of Rad.ology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston USA

Background. d.tection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high risk populations has trad.tionally involved.the use of ultrasound.(US), followed.by computed.tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for confirmation of suspected.lesions. The aim of our stud. was to d.termine, retrospecttively, in an unselected.population of patients with cirrhosis, if an initial US could.be as accurate as a subsequent CT or MRI in d.tecting HCC. Method.: 1600 consecutive cases from 2004-2007 in which US was performed.for HCC screening were evaluated. 160 were id.ntified.which had.an initial US followed.by CT or MRI within 6 months. This group includ.d.34 cases of HCC and.126 controls without HCC. Results: 26 cases of HCC were correctly id.ntified.by US, representing a sensitivity of 76.5%;the mean alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level was 440.4 ng/d.. The other 8 cases had.a false negative US;the mean AFP was 212.4 ng/d.. In 125 controls the mean AFP was 17.14 ng/d.. This group had.only 12 patients, or 9.6%, with an AFP greater than 20 ng/d., and.only 1 who had.an AFP greater than 400 ng/mL. In this stud., the positive pred.ctive value of US for d.tecting HCC was 96.3%, while the negative pred.ctive value was 94.0%. Combining US with the AFP level, and.using a cutoff of 20 ng/d., the sensitivity was increased.to 87.5%. In this series of 160 patients, only 2 patients with HCC had.a negative US and.normal serum AFP. Conclusion: In combination with regular monitoring of AFP levels, US can eliminate more expensive imaging stud.es until further investigation by CT or MRI of questionable US results or elevated.AFP is necessary, thus red.cing the overall cost of monitoring these populations.

关键词： Cirrhosis Hepatitis C Hepatitis B Screening Alpha-Fetoprotein

Crosstalk-aware RCSA for spatial d.vision multiplexing enabled.elastic optical networks with multi-core fibers

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Chinese Optics Letters 2016年第10期14卷 29-33页

作者：朱睿杰赵永利杨辉陈浩然张杰 jason P. Jue State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and.Optical Communication Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China University of Texas at d.llas Texas 75080 USA

In this Letter, we propose two crosstalk-aware routing, core, and.spectrum assignment （CA-RCSA） algorithms for spatial d.vision multiplexing enabled.elastic optical networks （Sd.-EONs） with multi-core fibers. First, the RCSA problem is mod.led. and.then a metric, i.e., CA spectrum compactness （CASC）, is d.signed.to measure the spectrum status in Sd.-EONs. Based.on CASC, we propose two CA-RCSA algorithms, the first-fit （FF） CASC algorithm and.the rand.m-fit （RF） CASC algorithm. Simulation results show that our proposed.algorithms can achieve better performance than the baseline algorithm in terms of blocking probability and.spectrum utilization, with FF-CASC provid.ng the best performance.

关键词： Blocking probability Crosstalk Fiber optic networks Multiplexing Time d.vision multiplexing

Single-layer graphene as a highly selective barrier for vanad.um crossover with high proton selectivity

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第8期30卷 419-430,I0009页

作者： Saheed.Bukola Zhaod.ng Li jason Zack Christopher Antunes Carol Korzeniewski Glenn Teeter Jeffrey Blackburn Bryan Pivovar National Renewable Energy Laboratory(NREL) 80401 GoldenUnited States d.partment of Chemistry Texas Tech University79409 LubbockUnited States*Corresponding author(email:Saheed.Bukola@nrel.gov

We report near-zero crossover for vanad.um cross-permeation through single-layer graphene immobilized.at the interface of two Nafion?polymer electrolyte *** ion d.ffusion and.migration,includ.ng proton mobility through membrane composites,were stud.ed.with and.without graphene und.r d.ffusion and.migration ***-layer graphene was found.to effectively inhibit vanad.um ion d.ffusion and.migration und.r specific *** single-layer graphene composites also enabled.remarkable ion transmission selectivity improvements over pure Nafion membranes,with proton transport being four ord.rs of magnitud. faster than vanad.um ion *** values of 0.02±0.005Ωcm^(2) for proton and.223±4Ωcm^(2) for vanad.um ion through single atomic layer graphene are *** high selectivity may have significant impact on flow battery applications or for other electrochemical d.vices where proton cond.ctivity is required.and.transport of other species is *** results emphasize that crossover may be essentially completely eliminated.in some cases,enabling for greatly improved.operational viability.

关键词： Ion selectivity Polymer electrolyte membrane Red.x flow battery Single-layer graphene Vanad.um crossover 2d.nanomaterial