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Potential morphological responses of an artificial beach to a flood in extreme events: field observation and numerical modelling

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第7期43卷 78-92页

作者： Jiadong Fan cuiping kuang Xuejian Han Lixin Gong Huixin Liu Jiabo Zhang College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200082China The Eighth Geological Brigade Hebei Geological and Mineral Exploration Development BureauQinhuangdao 066001China Marine Ecological Restoration and Smart Ocean Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province Qinhuangdao 066001China

Conch Island is a typical artificial island at the Tanghe Estuary in Bohai Sea,*** improve natural environment and boost local tourism,beach nourishment will be applied to its north-western *** projected beach is landward and opposite to the Jinmeng Bay ***,with climate changes,frequent heavy rainfalls in Hebei Province rise flood hazards at the Tanghe *** this circumstance,potential influences on the projected beach of a flood are investigated for sustainable managements.A multi-coupled model is established and based on the data from field observations,where wave model,flow model and multifraction sediment transport model are *** addition,the impacts on the projected beach of different components in extreme events are discussed,including the spring tides,storm winds,storm waves,and sediment *** numerical results indicate the following result.(1)Artificial islands protect the coasts from erosion by obstructing landward waves,but rise the deposition risks along the target shore.(2)Flood brings massive sediment inputs and leads to scours at the estuary,but the currents with high sediment concentration contribute to the accretions along the target shore.(3)The projected beach mitigates flood actions and reduces the maximum mean sediment concentration along the target shore by 20%.(4)The storm winds restrict the flood and decrease the maximum mean sediment concentration by 21%.With the combined actions of storm winds and waves,the maximum value further declines by 38%.(5)A quadratic polynomial relationship between the deposition depths and the maximum sediment inputs with flood is established for estimations on the potential morphological changes after the flood process in extreme *** the uncertainty of estuarine floods,continuous monitoring on local hydrodynamic variations and sediment characteristics at Tanghe Estuary is necessary.

关键词： beach nourishment flood artificial island sediment transport extreme events storm

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海岸植被防护机制的物理模型试验研究进展

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同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第3期52卷 378-387页

作者：匡翠萍丛新范家栋李宏义同济大学土木工程学院上海200092

基于自然的海岸修复与防护越来越受到人们关注,从海岸植被对水动力及泥沙运动影响机制的物理模型试验研究方面,介绍了试验研究中植被的描述方法,包括植被的分类、材料选择、特性表征等;综述了植被影响下的流场结构、消浪特征、形态阻力... 详细信息

基于自然的海岸修复与防护越来越受到人们关注,从海岸植被对水动力及泥沙运动影响机制的物理模型试验研究方面,介绍了试验研究中植被的描述方法,包括植被的分类、材料选择、特性表征等;综述了植被影响下的流场结构、消浪特征、形态阻力相关的研究进展;论述了悬沙浓度分布、泥沙再悬浮、沉积和冲刷模式等泥沙输运方面的研究成果;结合大量模型试验研究,提出了未来的研究趋势。

关键词：海岸植被海岸防护物理模型试验波流动力泥沙输运

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短周期规则波浪在透水鱼礁型潜堤群上的传播特性

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同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第8期52卷 1227-1237页

作者：郑宇华匡翠萍韩雪健马悦同济大学土木工程学院上海200092 自然资源部第二海洋研究所浙江杭州310012 河北科技师范学院海洋科学研究中心河北秦皇岛066004

为探究系列以周期性分布的单排透水鱼礁型潜堤群对波浪传播变形以及波生湍流场的响应特性,通过水槽试验和数值模拟,对短周期规则波作用下不同间距布设的鱼礁型潜堤群波浪传播特性展开了研究。试验测定了短周期入射波况下无间距鱼礁型潜... 详细信息

为探究系列以周期性分布的单排透水鱼礁型潜堤群对波浪传播变形以及波生湍流场的响应特性,通过水槽试验和数值模拟,对短周期规则波作用下不同间距布设的鱼礁型潜堤群波浪传播特性展开了研究。试验测定了短周期入射波况下无间距鱼礁型潜堤群的波面高度及其变化过程,波浪在发生浅水变形后波能耗散波高显著减小,但由于堤顶淹没水深较大波浪仍保持准对称性的正弦波形态向前传播。基于光滑粒子流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamic,SPH)方法建立了验证后的二维无反射数值波浪水槽,模拟了间距比为0.5~3.0的鱼礁型潜堤群的波浪传播过程。数值结果表明:鱼礁型潜堤群的间距对波浪反射影响非常大,各工况下鱼礁型潜堤群的反射系数均大于0.75;透射系数总体上随着间距比的增大而减小。特别地,当间距比为2.5时,堤顶波高骤升,反射系数达到最大,透射系数几乎最小,这是由于波浪与鱼礁型潜堤群发生了同频共振的布拉格反射效应,此时迎浪堤上方的上涌流范围和流速也达到最大。

关键词：鱼礁型潜堤光滑粒子流体动力学布拉格反射波生流

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海滩冲流带水沙运动综述

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同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第6期52卷 920-927页

作者：潘毅陈自怡刘烨朱芳芳匡翠萍河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院南京210024 宁波诺丁汉大学理工学院浙江宁波315100 同济大学土木工程学院上海200092

简述了冲流带水沙运动的基本特征,综述了入渗或出渗、段波紊动、泥沙平流、沉降或冲刷延后以及沿岸流、波浪-冲流相互作用和波群作用对冲流带水沙运动影响的最新研究进展;介绍了冲流带水沙运动物理实验的实现方式以及物理实验中冲流带... 详细信息

简述了冲流带水沙运动的基本特征,综述了入渗或出渗、段波紊动、泥沙平流、沉降或冲刷延后以及沿岸流、波浪-冲流相互作用和波群作用对冲流带水沙运动影响的最新研究进展;介绍了冲流带水沙运动物理实验的实现方式以及物理实验中冲流带泥沙运动观测技术的最新进展,论述了用于冲流带水沙运动研究的2类数学模型,并讨论了各自的优缺点。最后,探讨了现有研究成果和研究方法的局限性,并给出了未来的研究展望。

关键词：冲流带水沙运动海岸泥沙

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考虑海岸植被影响的水沙动力数学模型研究进展

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同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第9期52卷 1418-1427页

作者：匡翠萍丛新韩雪健宫立新刘会欣朱磊同济大学土木工程学院上海200092 河北省地质矿产勘查开发局第八地质大队河北秦皇岛066000

介绍了植被模型的不同考虑方式,分别从水流阻力、床面阻力、植被消长等方面展开讨论。基于工程尺度和实验室尺度水沙动力数学模型的研究,综述了植被影响下的流速、紊动能、拟序结构,不同波浪形态的传播特征以及悬沙浓度、地形演变等相... 详细信息

介绍了植被模型的不同考虑方式,分别从水流阻力、床面阻力、植被消长等方面展开讨论。基于工程尺度和实验室尺度水沙动力数学模型的研究,综述了植被影响下的流速、紊动能、拟序结构,不同波浪形态的传播特征以及悬沙浓度、地形演变等相关的研究进展。结合大量数学模型研究,提出了未来的研究趋势。

关键词：海岸植被生态防护数学模型波流动力泥沙输运

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Tidal Asymmetry Changes in a Shallow Mud Estuary by a Restoration Project

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第2期18卷 339-348页

作者： LIANG Huidi kuang cuiping GU Jie MA Yue CHEN Kuo LIU Xu College of Civil Engineering Tongji University College of Marine Ecology and Environment Shanghai Ocean University

The tidal asymmetry-induced siltation below tidal barriers is a worldwide problem that restricts regional socio-economic and environmental development. The hydrodynamic processes of the small mud estuary also feature a high uncertainty after estuary restoration measures. In this study, a hydrodynamic model based on the MIKE21 is used to quantify the responses of tidal asymmetry to a two-phase restoration project in Shuanglong Estuary, Bohai Bay, China. According to the numerical modeling results, the tidal flat removal in the upper estuary(first-phase restoration) induces the flood asymmetry switching to the ebb asymmetry in unrestored reach but enhances flood asymmetry in widening restored reach. Although the tidal asymmetry reverts to flood-dominated pattern after full restoration over the estuary, the imbalance between flood and ebb velocities is relieved. A possible net sediment transport pattern based on a comparison of dominant asymmetric current and actual sediment transport period shows net sediments in the upper estuary and inlet transport seaward and landward, respectively, in the first-phase restoration, whereas landward net sediment transport occurs in the whole estuary under the second-phase restoration scenario. Given these results, we assume that a switch from the flood-dominated estuary to ebb-dominated estuary can be caused by redesigning the cross-sectional profile. The quantitative comparison of Lagrangian residual currents also implies that a channel–shoal structure rather than a flat bathymetry can promote the mass transport. Therefore, reshaping the channel–tidal flat system in restoration projects can prevent the sedimentation of the estuary and improve the water environment.

关键词： tidal asymmetry restoration project mud estuary net sediment transport

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Influence of Headland Breakwaters on Morphological Processes at Longfengtou Beach in Haitan Bay,Facing the Taiwan Strait

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2018年第6期17卷 1290-1300页

作者： kuang cuiping MA Yue WANG Binyu SUI Jueyi GU Jie LIU Jianhui LEI Gang College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Guangxi Vocational and Technical College of Communications Nanning 530216China Environmental Engineering Program University of Northern British ColumbiaPrince GeorgeBC V2N4Z9Canada College of Marine Ecology and Environment Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Island Research Center PingtanFujian 350400China Third Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic AdministrationFujian 361005China

Breakwaters can be used as artificial headlands in beach nourishment to mitigate coastal erosion. Longfengtou Beach, located on the southwest coast of Haitan Bay facing the Taiwan Strait on the northeast, suffers severe erosion, where the monsoon causes significant season hydrodynamic variations. Headland breakwaters are intended to be employed to mitigate coastal erosion. A 2D sediment transport model is established using MIKE21 based on current-wave coupling and calibrated by measured data. Summer and winter wave conditions are chosen as characteristic weak and strong waves respectively. The numerical results of suspended sediment concentration and seasonal morphological evolution are compared under the conditions with and without the headland breakwaters. Sediment transport in summer can be regarded as mainly determined by current field, while in winter wave effect is strong enough to change current field. The northern breakwater, nearly perpendicular to the ebb current direction, obstructs the currents and decreases velocity of the ebb currents, and confines the water carrying sediments within the protection area during the flood period. The southern breakwater also breaks the waves in advance and significantly reduces the hydrodynamic effects during the flood period and maintains high suspended sediment concentration in the protection area. In general, two headland breakwaters decrease the erosion near the beach and enlarge the deposition area, which play a significant role in prevention of sediment loss in nearshore area and mitigate coastal erosion.

关键词： headland breakwater Haitan Bay sediment transport morphological evolution

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Numerical study of shoreline changes by emergency beach nourishment project at the Middle Beach of Beidaihe, China

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2012年第1期31卷 125-133页

作者： ZHANG Yu HE Lulu kuang cuiping PAN Yi GU Jie YANG Yanxiong ZHANG Jiabo College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing 100083China Department of Hydraulic Engineering College of Civil EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China College of Marine Science Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Qinhuangdao Mineral Resource and Hydrogeological Brigade Hebei Geological Prospecting BureauQinhuangdao 066003China

Beach nourishment is a common coastal management strategy used to protect beach from erosion along the sandy coastlines. This method has been successfully applied to an emergency project at the West Beach of Beidaihe in the summer of 2008 and the full West Beach nourishment project in 2009-2010, which is the direct base of this study. Some basic information about the emergency engineering area at the Middle Beach is firstly described. The shoreline change of this area, including the analysis of beach width in five monitoring profiles in the bathing places of Middle Beach, is then discussed. After that a numerical modal based on one-line theory is established and the numerical results agree well with the measured shorelines, which indicates that the model is appropriate and is qualified to predict the shoreline change of the Middle Beach. With the same model and parameters, long-term performance of the project is predicted, and the result shows that without follow-up nourishment and project, the bathing places can remain suitable for bathing for about 10 a. It is suggested to nourish the beach in time and carry out the beach nourishment project for the full Middle Beach in Beidaihe.

关键词： one-line model numerical model shoreline change beach nourishmentl Middle Beach in Beidaihe

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Approach of moving boundary and its application in 3D tidal current simulation of Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary based on ECOMSED model

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2009年第4期28卷 78-85页

作者： kuang cuiping SUN Bo LIU Shuguang GU Jie YU Weiwei Department of Hydraulic Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai 200090 China

Considering three-dimensional model ECOMSED can not simulate wetting-drying of shoal with its fixed boundary, an approach to represent moving boundary in the model is introduced here. This approach smoothly joints the internal and external mode by making use of wetting and drying technique and is verified by a numerical test which presents a good agreement with the previous test results obtained by other researchers. A three dimensional numerical model is established to simulate the hydrodynamics in spring tide in the Changjiang （Yangtze） River estuary by this modified ECOMSED model which is also validated through the observed field data, the simulation presents a good periodic tidal change. It also successfully simulates the tidal current of computational areas and reproduces the tidal flat intermittent appearance.

关键词： ECOMSED moving boundaries test with variable slope Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary 3D tidal numerical model

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The Importance of Computational Grids in Hydraulic Numerical Models

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China Ocean Engineering 1997年第3期12卷 335-346页

作者： kuang cuiping Ph. Doctor, Senior Engineer, River and Harbour Engineering Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210024 River and Harbour Eng. Department Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute Nanjing 210024 China

The importance of computational grids in hydraulic numerical models is studied by numerical simulation of jet flow in a rectangular duct which is linked with a fixed width inlet and a different width outlet using a standard k-epsilon turbulence model. The computational results show the numerical solutions may not be reasonable because of the incorrect computational grid and each numerical model bass grid-independent solution. The computational grid has a definitive effect on the accuracy and stability of the computational solution, which must be divided well according to the simulated geometry and physical characters of hydraulic problems. The main guidelines about the formation of computational grid in such aspects as node distribution, smoothness and skewness of grid, have been given.

关键词： kappa-epsilon turbulence model grid node distribution smoothness and skewness of grid grid aspect ratio

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