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Design of a Socially Inclusive Climate Risk Transfer Mechanism:A Case Study in La Guajira,Colombia

International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第4期15卷 565-578页

作者： cristian Camilo Fernández Lopera JoséManuel Mendes Eduardo Jorge Barata Centre for Social Studies Institute for Interdisciplinary ResearchUniversity of Coimbra3000-995 CoimbraPortugal Faculty of Economics Centre for Social StudiesUniversity of Coimbra3000-995 CoimbraPortugal Faculty of Economics CeBERUniversity of Coimbra3004-512 CoimbraPortugal

The primary aim of this study was to develop a model of a socially inclusive climate risk insurance(CRI) mechanism based on the differential risk transfer approach. This study focused on the department of La Guajira, Colombia, as a case *** Guajira is the department in Colombia that, due to its critical disaster risk conditions, presents the adequate configuration for implementing a climate risk transfer mechanism. The article starts by analyzing risk conditions by using secondary data. Based on fieldwork, this research explored the perspectives of the most vulnerable sectors in La Guajira Department on the socioeconomic impacts and needs they experience regarding climate-related hazards, their adaptive measures for risk reduction, and their willingness to adopt CRI. This represents the fundamental input for the formulation of the CRI model. Consequently, this research proposed an operational structure as input for future implementations of the model. The results indicate that national and local disaster risk management public policies align with the sectors' needs and priorities. Strengthening sectoral associations can enhance representation in CRI projects. In-kind indemnization is preferred for women entrepreneurs and the indigenous community. The CRI model includes a risk pool through the family compensation fund of La Guajira as a sectoral agglomerator, with contingent credit and traditional/parametric insurance. The methodology developed in this study can be applied in different contexts worldwide as a guidance for informing national and international climate risk finance initiatives.

关键词： Colombia Disaster risk fnancing Disaster risk management La Guajira Climate risk insurance Socioeconomic vulnerability

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Numerical Research on The Stability of Launching Devices During Firing

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2013年第4期9卷 242-248页

作者： Pamfil ?OMOIAG cristian-Emil MOLDOVEANU Department of Weapon Systems Engineering and Mechatronics Military Technical Academy

An important problem in studying the sloped rocket launch is to determine the oscillations and their effects on the initial conditions of the rocket *** phenomenon influences the stability of the launching device and the firing *** is assumed that the launching device and the moving rocket form a complex oscillating system that join together into a sum of rigid bodies bound by elastic elements(the vehicle chassis,the tilting platform and the rockets in the containers).The calculations of the launching device oscillations during the launch by numerical methods are presented.

关键词：发射装置稳定性数值模拟火箭发射射击 TIFF格式振动系统发射设备

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Quality assessment of surgery for colorectal cancer:Where do we stand?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 982-987页

作者： Stefan Morarasu cristian Livadaru Gabriel-Mihail Dimofte The Second Department of Surgical Oncology Regional Institute of OncologyIasi 707483Romania

Quality assurance in surgery has been one of the most important topics of debate among colorectal surgeons in the past *** has produced new surgical standards that led in part to the impressive oncological outcomes we see in many units *** mesorectal excision,complete mesocolic excision(CME),and the Japanese D3 lymphadenectomy are now benchmark techniques embraced by many surgeons and widely recommended by surgical ***,there are still ongoing discrepancies in outcomes largely based on surgeon *** is one of the main reasons why many countries have shifted colorectal cancer surgery only to high volume *** markers of surgical quality is thus a perquisite to ensure that standards and oncological outcomes are met at an institutional *** the evolution of CME surgery,various quality markers have been described,mostly based on measurements on the surgical specimen and lymph node yield,while others have proposed radiological markers(*** stumps)measured on postoperative scans as part of the routine cancer *** is no ideal marker;however,taken together and assembled into a new score or set of criteria may become a future point of reference for reporting outcomes of colorectal cancer surgery in research studies and defining subspecialization requirements both at an individual and hospital level.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Colon surgery Arterial stump Complete mesocolic excision Surgical quality

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A New Fuzzy Adaptive Algorithm to Classify Imbalanced Data

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 73-89页

作者： Harshita Patel Dharmendra Singh Rajput Ovidiu Petru Stan Liviu cristian Miclea School of Information Technology&Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India Technical University of Cluj Napoca Faculty of Automation and Computer ScienceCluj Napoca400114Romania

Classification of imbalanced data is a well explored issue in the data mining and machine learning community where one class representation is overwhelmed by other *** Imbalanced distribution of data is a natural occurrence in real world datasets,so needed to be dealt with carefully to get important *** case of imbalance in data sets,traditional classifiers have to sacrifice their performances,therefore lead to *** paper suggests a weighted nearest neighbor approach in a fuzzy manner to deal with this *** have adapted the‘existing algorithm modification solution’to learn from imbalanced datasets that classify data without manipulating the natural distribution of data unlike the other popular data balancing *** K nearest neighbor is a non-parametric classification method that is mostly used in machine learning *** classification with the nearest neighbor clears the belonging of an instance to classes and optimal weights with improved nearest neighbor concept helping to correctly classify imbalanced *** proposed hybrid approach takes care of imbalance nature of data and reduces the inaccuracies appear in applications of original and traditional *** show that it performs well over the existing fuzzy nearest neighbor and weighted neighbor strategies for imbalanced learning.

关键词： Machine learning fuzzy classification nearest neighbor adaptive approach optimal weights

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Hyperparameter optimization of YOLOv8 for smoke and wildfire detection:Implications for agricultural and environmental safety

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2024年第2期12卷 109-126页

作者： Leo Ramos Edmundo Casas Eduardo Bendek cristian Romero Francklin Rivas-Echeverría Kauel Inc. Menlo Park(Silicon Valley)CA 94025USA Computer Vision Center Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193Spain Faculty of Engineering University of DeustoBilbao 48007Spain Jet Propulsion Laboratory NASAPasadenaCA 91109USA

In this study,we extensively evaluated the viability of the state-of-the-art YOLOv8 architecture for object detec-tion tasks,specifically tailored for smoke and wildfire identification with a focus on agricultural and environmen-tal *** available versions of YOLOv8 were initially fine-tuned on a domain-specific dataset that included a variety of scenarios,crucial for comprehensive agricultural ***‘large’version(YOLOv8l)was se-lected for further hyperparameter tuning based on its performance *** model underwent a detailed hyperparameter optimization using the One Factor At a Time(OFAT)methodology,concentrating on key param-eters such as learning rate,batch size,weight decay,epochs,and *** from the OFAT study were used to define search spaces for a subsequent Random Search(RS).The final model derived from RS demon-strated significant improvements over the initial fine-tuned model,increasing overall precision by 1.39%,recall by 1.48%,F1-score by 1.44%,mAP@0.50 by 0.70%,and mAP@0.50:0.95 by 5.09%.We validated the enhanced model's efficacy on a diverse set of real-world images,reflecting various agricultural settings,to confirm its ro-bustness in detecting smoke and *** results underscore the model's reliability and effectiveness in scenar-ios critical to agricultural safety and environmental *** work,representing a significant advancement in the field of fire and smoke detection through machine learning,lays a strong foundation for fu-ture research and solutions aimed at safeguarding agricultural areas and natural environments.

关键词： Agricultural safety Wildfire detection Smoke detection Object detection Computer vision YOL

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Oropharyngeal acid reflux and motility abnormalities of the proximal esophagus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第40期22卷 8991-8998页

作者： Sandro Passaretti Giorgia Mazzoleni cristian Vailati Pier Alberto Testoni Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Division IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita-Salute San Raffaele University

AIM To investigate the relationship between pathological oropharyngeal(OP) acid exposure and esophageal motility in patients with extra-esophageal *** In this prospective study we enrolled consecutive outpatients with extra-esophageal symptoms suspected to be related to gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD). We enrolled only patients with a reflux symptom index(RSI) score-higher than 13 and with previous lung, allergy and ear, nose and throat evaluations excluding other specific diagnoses. All patients underwent 24-h OP pH-metry with the Dx probe and esophageal highresolution manometry(HRM). Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of a normal or pathological p H-metric finding(Ryan Score) and all manometric characteristics of the two groups were *** We examined 135 patients with chronic extra-esophageal syndromes. Fifty-one were considered eligible for the study. Of these, 42 decided to participate in the protocol. Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of normal or pathological OP acid exposure. All the HRM parameters were compared for the two groups. Significant differences were found in the median upper esophageal sphincter resting pressure(median 71 mmH g vs 126 mmH g, P = 0.004) and the median proximal contractile integral(median 215.5 cm·mmH g·s vs 313.5 cm·mmH g·s, P = 0.039), both being lower in the group with pathological OP acid exposure, and the number of contractions with small or large breaks, which were more frequent in the same group. This group also had a larger number of peristaltic contractions with breaks in the 20 mm Hg isobaric contour(38.7% vs 15.38%, P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION In patients with suspected GERD-related extraesophageal syndromes pathological OP acid exposure was associated with weaker proximal esophageal motility.

关键词： Esophagus Motility Oropharyngeal reflux Gastroesophageal reflux disease High resolution manometry pH-metry

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Membrane-based treatment of shale oil and gas wastewater:The current state of knowledge

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第4期13卷 5-21页

作者： Tiezheng Tong Kenneth H. Carlson cristian A. Robbins Zuoyou Zhang Xuewei Du Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA

Shale oil and gas exploitation not only consumes substantial amounts of freshwater but also generates large quantities of hazardous wastewater. Tremendous research efforts have been invested in developing membrane-based technologies for the treatment of shale oil and gas wastewater. Despite their success at the laboratory scale, membrane processes have not been implemented at full scale in the oil and gas fields. In this article, we analyze the growing demands of wastewater treatment in shale oil and gas production, and then critically review the current stage of membrane technologies applied to the treatment of shale oil and gas wastewater. We focus on the unique niche of those technologies due to their advantages and limitations, and use mechanical vapor compression as the benchmark for comparison. We also highlight the importance of pretreatment as a key component of integrated treatment trains, in order to improve the performance of downstream membrane processes and water product quality. We emphasize the lack of sufficient efforts to scale up existing membrane technologies, and suggest that a stronger collaboration between academia and industry is of paramount importance to translate membrane technologies developed in the laboratory to the practical applications by the shale oil and gas industry.

关键词： Shale oil and gas production Wastewater treatment and reuse Membrane technology Pretreatment Academia-industry collaboration

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Liquid crystal-templated chiral nanomaterials: from chiral plasmonics to circularly polarized luminescence

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第8期11卷 1753-1781页

作者： Xuan Zhang Yiyi Xu cristian Valenzuela Xinfang Zhang Ling Wang Wei Feng Quan Li School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University300350TianjinChina Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University211189NanjingChina Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State UniversityKentOH44242USA

Chiral nanomaterials with intrinsic chirality or spatial asymmetry at the nanoscale are currently in the limelight of both fundamental research and diverse important technological applications due to their unprecedented physicochemical characteristics such as intense light-matter interactions, enhanced circular dichroism, and strong circularly polarized luminescence. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art advances in liquid crystal-templated chiral nanomaterials. The chiroptical properties of chiral nanomaterials are touched, and their fundamental design principles and bottom-up synthesis strategies are discussed. Different chiral functional nanomaterials based on liquid-crystalline soft templates, including chiral plasmonic nanomaterials and chiral luminescent nanomaterials, are systematically introduced, and their underlying mechanisms, properties, and potential applications are emphasized. This review concludes with a perspective on the emerging applications, challenges, and future opportunities of such fascinating chiral nanomaterials. This review can not only deepen our understanding of the fundamentals of soft-matter chirality, but also shine light on the development of advanced chiral functional nanomaterials toward their versatile applications in optics, biology, catalysis, electronics, and beyond.

关键词： chiral circular polarized

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Scientific Investigation of the Paintings from the Agarbiciu (Cluj County) Wooden Church

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2020年第4期8卷 177-196页

作者： Constantin Măruțoiu Ioan Bratu Olivia Florena Nemeș Dan Nemeș Călin Neamțu Zaharie Moldovan Teofil Tia Ilina udrea cristian Tigae Faculty of Orthodox Theology Babes-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca Romania National Institute for R & D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies Cluj-Napoca Romania Technical University of Cluj-Napoca Cluj-Napoca Romania Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Babes-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca Romania Department of Chemistry University of Craiova Craiova Romania

The investigation of the painting materials (pigments, binders and varnish) of Agarbiciu wooden church painted walls was done by employing both nondestructive (XRF and reflection FTIR spectroscopy for pigments) and destructive methods (FTIR spectroscopy and GC-MS spectrometry for pigments and binders). The digital restoration of the interior of the wooden church was done using the physical-chemical composition of the painting layer, a metadata set that describes the timeline, detailed photographic documentation and the 3D scanned interior of the church.

关键词： XRF Non-Destructive Analyses Non-Destructive FTIR Reflectance Analysis GC-MS Coupling Digital Conservation

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Modeling height growth for teak plantations in Colombia using the reducible stochastic differential equation approach

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1035-1045页

作者： Sergio Orrego cristian Montes Héctor IRestrepo Bronson PBullock Mauricio Zapata Departamento de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Nacional de ColombiaSede MedellínCra 65 No 59A-110MedellínColombia Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA

Teak(Tectona grandis L.f.)plantations are increasingly being established in tropical regions to meet a rising demand for its highly valued *** plantations have been established in the Atlantic Coastal Plain region of Colombia,a region climatically suitable for teak growth by having a monsoon climate with a unimodal precipitation *** diameter at breast height(DBH,1.3 m above ground)and mean top height,periodically measured over a 17-year period in 44 permanent sampling plots of size 0.06 and 0.10 ha,were used in this study.A stochastic differential equation(SDE),along with a Bertalanffy–Richards-type height growth model,was used to model and estimate top height growth of teak plantations in *** noise and height measurement errors were explicitly considered as the main uncertainty sources of mean top height *** best model for estimating mean top height,based on statistical performance and biological rationale,had the asymptote defined as a local parameter and the growth rate and shape specified as global *** model outperformed its counterpart that had the growth rate specified as a local parameter and asymptote and shape as global *** selected model also outperformed alternative approaches such as the mixed-effects model,generalized algebraic difference approach,and the dummy variable *** trajectories for the mean top height of teak in Colombia are biologically sound based on the measured height series and previous studies in Latin *** suggest that most of the uncertainty associated with the mean top height growth of teak plantations in Colombia was largely explained by environmental *** best estimated model using the SDE approach can be useful for predicting height growth and evaluating site productivity of teak plantations in Colombia and in neighbouring countries with biophysical characteristics similar to those where teak has been planted in Colombia.

关键词： Mean top height Stochastic differential equation Forest productivity Timber production Timberland investment

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