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Psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy:population co-occurrence,genetic correlations and causal effects

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 103-111页

作者： Viktor H Ahlqvist Christina Dardani Paul madley-Dowd Harriet Forbes Jessica Rast Caichen Zhong Renee m Gardner Christina Dalman Kristen Lyal craig Newschaffer Torbjorn Tomson michael Lundberg Daniel Berglind Neil m Davies Brian K Lee Cecilia magnusson Dheeraj Rai Department of Global Public Health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Centre for Academic mental Health Population Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK A.J.Drexel Autism Institute Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA College of Health and Human Development Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePAUSA Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Centre for Epidemiology and Community medicine Region StockholmStockholmSweden K.G Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and NursingNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway Division of Psychiatry University Collge LondonLondonUK Department of Statistical Sciences University Cllge LondonLondonK NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of BristoBristolUK Avon and Wiltshire Partnership NHS Mental Health TrustBristolUK

Background Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy remain poorly *** We aimed to triangulate the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric conditions to determine the extent and possible origins of these *** Using nationwide Swedish health registries,we quantified the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with *** then used summarydata from genome-wide association studies to investigate whether the identified observational associations could be attributed to a shared underlying genetic aetiology using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score ***,we assessed the potential bidirectional relationships using two-sample mendelian *** In a cohort of 7628495 individuals,we found that almost half of the 94435 individuals diagnosed with epilepsy were also diagnosed with a psychiatric condition in their lifetime(adjusted lifetime prevalence,44.09%;95%confidence interval(Cl)43.78%to 44.39%).We found evidence for a genetic correlation between epilepsy and some neurodevelopmental and psychiatric *** example,we observed a genetic correlation between epilepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(r,=0.18,95%Cl 0.09 to 0.27,pmore pronounced in focal epilepsy(r=0.23,95%CI 0.09 to 0.36,pm mendelian randomisation using common genetic variants did not support bidirectional effects between epilepsy and neurodevelopmental or psychiatric *** Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** correlations may partially explain some comorbidities;however,there is little evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the genetic liability of epilepsy and psychiatric *** findings highlight the need to understand the role of environmental factors or rare genetic variations in the origins of psy

关键词： epilepsy Psychiat lifetime

Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RIGHT- 2 randomised sham- controlled ambulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar Lesley Cala mark Dixon Timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant mair Keith W muir John Potter Christopher I Price marc Randall Thompson G Robinson Christine Roffe Else C Sandset Jeffrey L Saver Angela Shone Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna m Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip m Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute China at Peking University Health Science Center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and medical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Champion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Department of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Development Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Community and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcome when administered before hospital admission in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).methods RIGHT-2 was an ambulance-based multicentre sham-controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of *** primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scale(mRS)at day *** outcomes included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,mRS,telephone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scale;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),mean(SD),median[IQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or mann-Whitney difference(mWD)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRS>2107(18%),Glasgow Coma Scale 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%CI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(mWD 0.00,95%CI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe *** In patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ultra-acute administration of transdermal GTN in the ambulance did not improve clinical outcomes in a population with more clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC⇒Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

Coal mine entry rating system:A case study

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2021年第1期31卷 145-151页

作者： mark A.Van Dyke Ted m.Klemetti craig Compton National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Pittsburgh Mining Research DivisionPittsburghPA 15236USA

Coal mines are continuously seeking to determine the performance of entries with different ground control products and installation *** are many factors that impact how an entry will perform which include but are not limited to geology,overburden,bolting type and pattern,and mine *** the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH),research has been instituted to examine the relationship of the parts of a coal mine entry as a system and not as individual *** study this relationship,the first step in this study was to create a numeric rating system that accurately reflects visual observations of the mine entry and is easy to *** researchers devised this rating system to improve upon previous ideas,offering increased flexibility which can be incorporated into an overall entry condition that offers different levels of confidence based on the user’s time devoted to the *** new entry rating system was implemented at three different mines over varying periods of time to evaluate the ground response to the geology,bolt installation pattern,stress changes by mining,overburden,and time dependency.

关键词： Coal Geology Rating system Support

Deep Volatiles as the Key for Energy and Environments of the Four-Dimensional Earth System

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Engineering 2019年第3期5卷 393-394页

作者： Ho-Kwang mao craig m. Schiffries Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR) Shanghai 201203 China Geophysical Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science Washington DC 20015 USA

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and their compounds are volatile components that dominate the thin and fragile atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere on Earth’s habitable surface. However, the vast majority of these volatiles are hidden in the deep interior, where the high pressure–temperature conditions drastically and categorically alter the physics and chemistry of the volatiles. Like the bloodstream of an organism, the circulations and interactions of volatiles in the deep Earth modulate climate, resources, energy, natural hazards, and other factors that define the Earth as a unique living and changing planet.

关键词： Four-Dimensional Earth System Deep Volatiles

Pauli Radius of the Proton

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Chinese Physics Letters 2021年第12期38卷 1-6页

作者： Zhu-Fang Cui Daniele Binosi craig D.Roberts Sebastian m.Schmidt School of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Institute for Nonperturbative Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas Villa TambosiStrada delle Tabarelle 286I-38123 Villazzano(TN)Italy Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Dresden D-01314Germany RWTH Aachen University Ⅲ.Physikalisches Institut BAachen D-52074Germany

Using a procedure based on interpolation via continued fractions supplemented by statistical sampling,we analyze proton magnetic form factor data obtained via electron+proton scattering on Q^(2)∈[0.027,0.55]GeV^(2)with the goal of determining the proton magnetic *** approach avoids assumptions about the function form used for data interpolation and ensuing extrapolation onto Q^(2)■0 for extraction of the form factor *** this way,we find r_(m)=0.817(27)*** the difference between proton electric and magnetic radii calculated in this way,extant data are seen to be compatible with the possibility that the slopes of the proton Dirac and Pauli form factors,F1,2(Q^(2)),are not truly independent observables;to wit,the difference F_(1)’(0)-F_(2)’(0)/κp=[1+Kp]/[4 m_(p)^(2)],viz.,the proton Foldy term.

关键词： interpolation Pauli continued

An Efficient,Energy Stable Scheme for the Cahn-Hilliard-Brinkman System

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第4期13卷 929-957页

作者： craig Collins Jie Shen Steven m.Wise Department of mathematics University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37912USA Department of mathematics Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

We present an unconditionally energy stable and uniquely solvable finite difference scheme for the Cahn-Hilliard-Brinkman(CHB)system,which is comprised of a Cahn-Hilliard-type diffusion equation and a generalized Brinkman equation modeling fluid *** CHB system is a generalization of the Cahn-Hilliard-Stokes model and describes two phase very viscous flows in porous *** scheme is based on a convex splitting of the discrete CH energy and is *** equations at the implicit time level are nonlinear,but we prove that they represent the gradient of a strictly convex functional and are therefore uniquely solvable,regardless of time step *** to energy stability,we show that the scheme is stable in the time and space discrete ℓ^(∞)(0,T;H_(h)^(1))and ℓ^(2)(0,T;H_(h)^(2))*** also present an efficient,practical nonlinear multigrid method–comprised of a standard FAS method for the Cahn-Hilliard part,and a method based on the Vanka smoothing strategy for the Brinkman part-for solving these *** particular,we provide evidence that the solver has nearly optimal complexity in typical *** solver is applied to simulate spinodal decomposition of a viscous fluid in a porous medium,as well as to the more general problems of buoyancy-and boundary-driven flows.

关键词： Cahn-Hilliard equation Stokes equations Brinkman equation finite difference methods nonlinear multigrid convex splitting energy stability

Hadron and light nucleus radii from electron scattering

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第12期46卷 1-15页

作者： Zhu-Fang Cui Daniele Binosi craig D.Roberts Sebastian m.Schmidt School of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Institute for Nonperturbative Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas Villa Tambosi Strada delle Tabarelle 286I-38123 Villazzano(TN)Italy Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Dresden D-01314Germany RWTH Aachen University Ⅲ.Physikalisches Institut BAachen D-52074Germany

Conceptually,radii are amongst the simplest Poincaré-invariant properties that can be associated with hadrons and light *** values of these quantities are necessary so that one may judge the character of putative solutions to the strong interaction problem within the Standard ***,limiting their ability to serve in this role,recent measurements and new analyses of older data have revealed uncertainties and imprecisions in the radii of the proton,pion,kaon,and *** the context of radius measurement using electron+hadron elastic scattering,the past decade has shown that reliable extraction requires minimisation of bias associated with practitioner-dependent choices of data fitting *** answers to that challenge have been offered;and this perspective describes the statistical Schlessinger point method(SPm),in unifying applications to proton,pion,kaon,and deuteron *** in analytic function theory,independent of assumptions about underlying dynamics,free from practitioner-induced bias,and applicable in the same form to diverse systems and observables,the SPm returns an objective expression of the information contained in any data under *** robust nature and versatility make it suitable for use in many branches of experiment and theory.

关键词： elastic electromagnetic form factors lepton scattering from hadrons and light nuclei emergence of mass muonic atoms proton Nambu-Goldstone modes-pion and kaon deuteron strong interactions in the standard model of particle physics

Valence Quark Ratio in the Proton

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Chinese Physics Letters 2022年第4期39卷 1-6页

作者： Zhu-Fang Cui Fei Gao Daniele Binosi Lei Chang craig D.Roberts Sebastian m.Schmidt School of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Institute for Nonperturbative Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Centre for High Energy Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas Villa TambosiStrada delle Tabarelle 286I-38123 Villazzano(TN)Italy School of Physics Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Dresden D-01314Germany RWTH Aachen University III.Physikalisches Institut BAachen D-52074Germany

Beginning with precise data on the ratio of structure functions in deep inelastic scattering(DIS)from ^3He and ^3H,collected on the domain 0.19≤xB≤0.83,where xBis the Bjorken scaling variable,we employ a robust method for extrapolating such data to arrive at a model-independent result for the xB=1 value of the ratio of neutron and proton structure *** this with information obtained in analyses of DIS from nuclei,corrected for target-structure dependence,we arrive at a prediction for the proton valence-quark ratio:d_(v)/u_(v)|_(xB→1)=0.230(57).Requiring consistency with this result presents a challenge to many descriptions of proton structure.

关键词： structure functions precise

DEEP-UV CONFOCAL FLUORESCENCE ImAGING AND SUPER-RESOLUTION OPTICAL mICROSCOPY OF BIOLOGICAL SAmPLES

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2012年第4期5卷 24-32页

作者： TREVOR A.SmITH LIISA m.HIRVONEN craig N.LINCOLN XIAOTAO HAO School of Chemistry and ARC Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science University of Melbourne Parkville 3010Australia

A wide range of techniques has been developed to image biological samples at high spatial and temporal *** this paper,we report recent results from deep-UV confocal fAuorescence microscopy to image inherent emission from fuorophores such as tryptophan,and structured ilumination microscopy(SIm)of biological *** motivation for developing deep-UV fhuorescence imaging and SIm is to provide methods to complement our measurements in the emerging field of X-ray coherent diffractive imaging.

关键词： Time resolved fuorescence imaging structured ilumnina tion microscopy