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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第2期2卷 173-182页

作者： Joshua L.Keller Terry J.Housh Ethan C.Hill cory m.smith Richard J.Schmidt Glen O.Johnson Human Performance Laboratory Department of Nutrition and Health SciencesCollege of Education and Human SciencesUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68508USA Division of Kinesiology School of Kinesiology and Physical TherapyUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA Department of Kinesiology College of Health SciencesUniversity of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA

The purpose of this investigation was to use the RPE clamp protocol to examine sex-related differences in performance fati-gability and neuromuscular responses as the result of a sustained isometric leg extension muscle action anchored to RPE=*** adults(10 men,10 women)performed sustained muscle actions at RPE=2 for *** voluntary isometric contractions(mVIC)were performed prior to and following the sustained muscle ***(electromyographic and mechanomyographic)parameters and force were recorded,and the values were normalized to respective mVICs and cal-culated every 5%across the 5-min work *** artery blood flow(FABF)was assessed at pretest,immediately posttest,and 5-min *** regression was used to define the individual and composite normalized neuromuscular and force versus time relationships during the sustained muscle *** factorial ANOVAs were used to examine differences in performance fatigability and blood *** performance fatigability,the men(62.4±14.4 kg-43.1±11.5 kg)exhibited a significantly(PmVIC than the women(44.1±4.8 kg vs.38.1±6.1 kg).There were different fatigue-induced neuromuscular patterns of responses between the men and women across *** blood flow responses,however,there was no sex-related difference,but pretest(283.3±70.8 mL/min)was significantly(Pmmediately posttest(424.5±133.5 mL/min)and 5-min posttest(324.4±78.3 mL/min).Thus,men demonstrated a greater degree of performance fatigability than the women,which was independent of differences in *** such as the neuromuscular system and muscle morphology likely contributed to the difference in performance fatigability.

关键词： Perception Resistance training Electromyography Fatigue mechanomyography RPE clamp

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Day to Day Consistency and Inter-subject Variability of Neuromuscular Responses and Performance Fatigability as the Result of maximal,Bilateral,Dynamic Leg Extensions

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第2期3卷 195-204页

作者： Joshua L.Keller Terry J.Housh John Paul V.Anders cory m.smith Ethan C.Hill Richard J.Schmidt Glen O.Johnson Exercise Physiology Laboratory University of Nebraska-Lincoln1740 Vine StreetLincolnNE 68508USA Department of Kinesiology Human and Environmental Physiology LaboratoryUniversity of Texas At El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy Division of KinesiologyUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to examine the day-to-day consistency and inter-subject variability of com-posite and individual,neuromuscular and torque patterns of responses as a result of a fatiguing bout of maximal,bilateral,isokinetic leg extension muscle *** Ten men (mean ± SD =21.6 ± 2.5 years) completed two testing visits consisting of pretest and posttest maximal voluntary isometric contractions (mVIC) as well as 25 maximal,bilateral,isokinetic (180°/s),leg extension muscle *** (EmG) and mechanomyographic (mmG) signals were collected from the vastus lateralis and normalized to the *** fatigability was defined as the percent decline in torque between the average of repetitions 1,2,and 3 and repetitions 23,24,and *** regression was used to examine the individual and composite relation-ships between EmG amplitude (AmP),EmG mean power frequency (mPF),mmG AmP,mmG mPF,and torque versus *** There was no significant difference (d =0.80;P =0.17) in the performance fatigability between Day 1 (19.3% ± 7.1%)and Day 2 (26.9% ± 11.3%).Polynomial regression indicated substantial inter-subject variability,but high day-to-day *** The composite EmG AmP,mmG AmP,and mmG mPF patterns of responses demonstrated consistency across *** composite EmG mPF patterns of responses,however,were not consistent between Day 1 and Day *** addition,based on the high inter-subject variability,future studies should present both composite patterns of neuromuscular responses and the patterns of responses on a subject-by-subject basis to make inferences regarding fatigue-induced changes in motor unit activation strategies.

关键词： Performance fatigability Electromyography mechanomyography Bilateral Dynamic

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Thermodynamic analysis of metal segregation in dual phase high entropy ceramics

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Journal of materiomics 2024年第4期10卷 889-895页

作者： Steven m.smith II William G.Fahrenholtz Gregory E.Hilmas Stefano Curtarolo missouri University of Science and Technology Materials Science and Engineering DepartmentRollaMO65409USA Duke University Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials ScienceDurhamNC27708USA Duke University Center of Autonomous Materials DesignDurhamNC27708USA

Equilibrium Gibbs'free energy calculations were used to determine metal segregation trends between boride and carbide solid solutions containing two metals that are relevant to dual phase high entropy *** model predicted that Ti had the strongest tendency to segregate to the boride phase followed by Zr,Nb,mo,V,Hf,and Ta,which matches experimental results of measured *** ratio of a metal in the carbide phase to the content of the same metal in the corresponding metal boride had a linear trend with the change in standard Gibbs'free energy of reaction for a metal carbide reacting with B_(4)C to produce its corresponding metal boride and *** proposed model was used to predict the changes in standard Gibbs'free energy for CrC→CrB_(2) to be−260 kJ and WC→WB_(2) to be 148 kJ,which indicates that Cr has the strongest segregation to the boride and W has the strongest segregation to the *** proposed model can be used to estimate the segregation of metals in dual phase high entropy boride-carbide ceramics of any boride/carbide ratio or metal content.

关键词： Dual phase High entropy ceramic Boride Carbide Thermodynamics

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microstructure segmentation with deep learning encoders pre-trained on a large microscopy dataset

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npj Computational materials 2022年第1期8卷 1905-1916页

作者： Joshua Stuckner Bryan Harder Timothy m.smith materials and Structures Division NASA Glenn Research Center21000 Brookpark RdClevelandOH44135USA

This study examined the improvement of microscopy segmentation intersection over union accuracy by transfer learning from a large dataset of microscopy images called *** neural network encoder architectures were trained on over 100,000 labeled microscopy images from 54 material *** pre-trained encoders were then embedded into multiple segmentation architectures including UNet and DeepLabV3+to evaluate segmentation performance on created benchmark microscopy *** to ImageNet pre-training,models pre-trained on microNet generalized better to out-of-distribution micrographs taken under different imaging and sample conditions and were more accurate with less training *** training with only a single Ni-superalloy image,pre-training on microNet produced a 72.2%reduction in relative intersection over union *** results suggest that transfer learning from large in-domain datasets generate models with learned feature representations that are more useful for downstream tasks and will likely improve any microscopy image analysis technique that can leverage pre-trained encoders.

关键词： union intersection image

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Strigolactones redefine plant hormones

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第10期59卷 1083-1085页

作者： Lu Wang Steven m.smith School of Biological Sciences University of Tasmania Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of sciences

A commonly accepted view of plant growth hormones is that their interaction with the cognate receptor protein is reversible, so that each hormone molecule can potentially interact multiple times with a receptor and so either amplify the hormone signal or maintain it over an extended period of time. The signal can be ＇cancelled＇ by degrading the hormone. Strigolactones present us with a potentially new paradigm. The receptor is a serine hydrolase-type protein which attacks the strigolactone resulting in covalent modi- fication of the receptor, while at the same time destroying the hormone. Strigolactone is apparently a one-use ＇dispos- able＇ hormone.

关键词：植物激素受体蛋白定义植物生长激素相互作用激素信号酸水解

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Acetylation as a mechanism that regulates axonal regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第7期10卷 1034-1036页

作者： Shen Lin George m.smith Shriners Hospitals for Pediatric Research Center Department of Neuroscience Temple University

The capacity for adult axons to regenerate after injury is diminished compared with developing *** the case of central nervous system（CNS）axons,injury causes a total failure to *** failure is due to both the intrins... 详细信息

关键词： gene HDAC Acetylation as a mechanism that regulates axonal regeneration

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History and evaluation of national-scale geochemical data sets for the United States

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第2期4卷 167-183页

作者： David B.smith Steven m.smith John D.Horton U.S.Geological Survey.Denver Federal Center MS 973.DenverCO 80225USA

Six national-scale,or near national-scale,geochemical data sets for soils or stream sediments exist for the United *** earliest of these,here termed the ＇Shacklette＇ data set,was generated by a U.S. Geological Survey（USGS） project conducted from 1961 to *** project used soil collected from a depth of about 20 cm as the sampling medium at 1323 sites throughout the conterminous *** National Uranium Resource Evaluation Hydrogeochemical and Stream Sediment Reconnaissance（NUREHSSR） Program of the *** of Energy was conducted from 1975 to 1984 and collected either stream sediments,lake sediments,or soils at more than 378,000 sites in both the conterminous *** *** sampled area represented about 65%of the *** Natural Resources Conservation Service（NRCS）,from 1978 to 1982,collected samples from multiple soil horizons at sites within the major crop-growing regions of the conterminous *** data set contains analyses of more than 3000 *** National Geochemical Survey,a USGS project conducted from 1997 to 2009,used a subset of the NURE-HSSR archival samples as its starting point and then collected primarily stream sediments, with occasional soils,in the parts of the *** covered by the NURE-HSSR *** data set contains chemical analyses for more than 70,000 *** USGS,in collaboration with the mexican Geological Survey and the Geological Survey of Canada,initiated soil sampling for the North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes Project in *** of three horizons or depths at more than 4800 sites in the *** completed in 2010,and chemical analyses are currently *** NRCS initiated a project in the 1990s to analyze the various soil horizons from selected pedons throughout the *** data set currently contains data from more than 1400 *** paper（1） discusses each data set in terms of its purpose,sample collection protocols,and analytical methods;and（2） evaluates each data set in terms

关键词： Geochemical mapping National-scale geochemical data Geochemical baselines United States

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Breeding high-yield superior quality hybrid super rice by rational design

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National Science Review 2016年第3期3卷 283-294页

作者： Qian Qian Longbiao Guo Steven m.smith Jiayang Li State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research(Beijing) Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences School of Biological Sciences University of Tasmania

The challenge of meeting the increasing demand for worldwide rice production has driven a sustained quest for advances in rice breeding for yield. Two breakthroughs that led to quantum leaps in productivity last century were the introduction of semidwarf varieties and of hybrid rice. Subsequent gains in yield have been incremental. The next major leap in rice breeding is now upon us through the application of rational design to create defined ideotypes. The exploitation of wide-cross compatibility and intersubspecific heterosis,combined with rapid genome sequencing and the molecular identification of genes for major yield and quality traits have now unlocked the potential for rational design.

关键词： Oryza sativa L super rice hybrids molecular breeding grain yield grain quality

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Reactive astrocyte scar and axon regeneration:suppressor or facilitator?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第7期11卷 1050-1051页

作者： Yosuke Ohtake George m.smith Shuxin Li Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyDepartment of NeuroscienceLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University

Several major factors are known to contribute to CNS axon regenerative failure after injury, including reduced intrinsic growth capacity of developed neurons and extrinsic factors mediating axon outgrowth. For the latter, a non-permissive environment around the lesion and the lack of sufficient neurotrophic support within the adult CNS play important roles （Silver et al., 2015）. In addition to generation of various inhibitory substrates by oligodendrocytes, fibrotic tissues, inflammatory cells and other cell types, reactive astrocytes surrounding lesions are thought to highly suppress regeneration of injured CNS axons （Silver and miller, 2004; Ohtake and Li, 2014）. A great number of studies suggest that reactive astrocytic scars form one of the major barriers preventing axon regeneration after CNS iniuries, including spinal cord injury （SCI）. However, reactive astrocytes were reported to provide a beneficial role by reducing infiltrating immunoreactive cells into adjacent domains, protecting bordering neural tissue from damage and generating numerous supportive extracellular matrix （ECm） components to promote cell survival and growth （Bush et al., 1999）. Previ- ous data showed that ablation of reactive astrocytes increased inflammation and secondary tissue damage, prevented blood- brain barrier formation and increased local neurite growth. Interestingly, a recent study by Anderson et al （2016） provides evidence that reactive astrocytes around the lesioned spinal cord support axon regeneration after SCI, rather than block regrowth （Anderson et al., 2016）.

关键词： astrocyte regeneration suppressor neurotrophic extrinsic latter intrinsic glial injured sensory

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Automated SNP Genotype Clustering Algorithm to Improve Data Completeness in High-Throughput SNP Genotyping Datasets from Custom Arrays

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2007年第3期5卷 256-259页

作者： Edward m.smith Jack Littrell michael Olivier Human and molecular Genetics Center Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226USA.

High-throughput SNP genotyping platforms use automated genotype calling algorithms to assign genotypes. While these algorithms work efficiently for individual platforms, they are not compatible with other platforms, and have individual biases that result in missed genotype calls. Here we present data on the use of a second complementary SNP genotype clustering algorithm. The algorithm was originally designed for individual fluorescent SNP genotyping assays, and has been optimized to permit the clustering of large datasets generated from custom-designed Affymetrix SNP panels. In an analysis of data from a 3K array genotyped on 1,560 samples, the additional analysis increased the overall number of genotypes by over 45,000, significantly improving the completeness of the experimental data. This analysis suggests that the use of multiple genotype calling algorithms may be advisable in high-throughput SNP genotyping experiments. The software is written in Perl and is available from the corresponding author.

关键词： clustering SNP genotyping algorithm

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