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Influence of CRT Glass Quantity on the Properties of Red Mud-CRT Glass Ceramics Fired at Different Temperatures

材料科学与工程（中英文B版） 2019年第4期9卷 133-143页

作者： Paul Nestor Djomou Djonga cornelius tsamo Harouna Massai Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MarouaMarouaP.O.Box 46Cameroon Department of Chemistry Higher Teachers’Training CollegeUniversity of MarouaMarouaP.O.Box 55Cameroon

This paper reports the production of ceramics using CRT(cathode ray tube)glass and red mud by varying the amount of waste glass and firing from 700-950℃.The raw materials were characterized using chemical composition,IR(infra-red spectroscopy),XRD(X-ray diffraction),DSC-TGA(differential scanning calorimetry-thermo gravimetric analyses)and SEM(scanning electron microscopy)*** ceramic specimen was produced by mixing a constant quantity of red mud and 0%-40%of waste glass,then firing from 700-950℃.The linear shrinkage,water absorption,apparent porosity,bulk density,weight loss on ignition,flexural strength and chemical resistance test were used to evaluate the produced *** materials had good fluxing properties which were improved with *** the specimens produced had water absorption values below the maximum value of 20% specified by the norm for roofing tiles while specimens with 30%-40% CRT glass and fired at 850°C,and specimens with 20%-40% CRT glass and fired at 950℃ had water absorption values below 10%,which is the norm for ceramic *** specimens 0%-40% CRT glass fired at 950℃,specimens 5%-40% CRT glass fired at 850℃,specimens 10%-40% CRT glass fired at 750℃ and specimen with 20%CRT glass fired at 700℃,water absorption values were all lower than 17% which is ASTM C62 specifications for *** norm of flexural strength for floor tiles>25 MPa but all values were less than 25 *** ceramic shows a maximum loss of 0.10%in HNO3 against 0.06%for *** two waste materials can effectively be used to produce ceramic materials with good properties.

关键词： CRT glass red mud ceramics firing roofing tiles floor tiles

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Studying the Impact of Anions Pre-generated Iron Corrosion Products on the Efficiency of Contaminant Removal in Fe0/H2O Systems

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2018年第1期7卷 1-10页

作者： cornelius tsamo Djibrine Sali Meali Hippolyte Todou Assaouka Department of Chemistry Maroua UniversityMaroua 55Cameroon Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Bamenda UniversityBambili 39Cameroon

The effects of Fe0 pre-corrosion by water,bicarbonate,chloride,phosphate and sulfate on the efficiency of Fe0 systems for water treatment were *** experiments were conducted for a total duration of 72 days with MB(Methylene Blue)and MO(Methyl Orange).The efficiency of used Fe0 was assessed by characterizing the extent of MB and MO discoloration,pH variation and amount of iron released as a function of anion *** dye addition,used Fe0 in Fe0/sand and 100%Fe0 systems was allowed to equilibrate with H2O or the anionic solution for 0 to 44 ***-corrosion has low impact on MB discoloration but has negative impact on MO *** to the reference system(anion free system,H2O),all the tested anions enhanced MB discoloration but decreased that of ***4 2-and HCO3-severely affects MO *** pH of the medium governs the discoloration with MB performing better at higher pH and MO doing same at lower *** MB,Fe0/sand system shows higher efficiency than 100%Fe0 *** the two systems show similar efficiency for *** will help in the design and functioning of Fe0 based filtration systems and other water treatment designs using Fe0.

关键词： Corrosion products dye discoloration major anions pre-corrosion zero-valent iron

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Variation in Total Soil Organic Carbon Stocks in Relation to Some Land Use Systems in the Bamenda Highlands, Cameroon

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第9期9卷 150-165页

作者： Christian Tegha Kum Aaron Suh Tening Martin Ngwabie cornelius tsamo Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering College of Technology The University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Agronomic and Applied Molecular Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Climate change and food security are among the pressing challenges facing humanity in the 21st century. Soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, total nitrogen (TN), texture, and bulk density (BD) are important soil properties, which control climate change. Three land use systems (smallholder farmlands, grazing lands, and forest lands) that coexist in the Bamenda Highlands (BH) influence ecosystem services and induce soil degradation with the loss of SOC. The objective of this study was to evaluate the variation of SOC and some soil physicochemical properties as affected by the three land use systems (LUS). A total of 21 composite soil samples collected from 7 microclimatic zones of BH following “S” shape plots to the depth of 0 - 30 cm, were analysed for moisture content (MC), SOC, TN, BD, available phosphorus (Av.P), pH and texture. The results revealed that grazing land had the lowest mean sand content (40.79 ± 4.07). Mean MC, TN and SOC (%) content were significantly higher (p in forest land than those in the grazing land and smallholder farmlands. Conversely, BD and Av.P were significantly higher

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Physico-Chemical Properties of Soils from Diguel and Koudalwa Tchad,and Phytoremediation Potentials of Acasia and Kinkeliba Plants in Removing Cr and Cu from These Soils

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2024年第5期13卷 165-177页

作者： Dieudonne Caleb Dahaina Jean Claude Doumnang Mbaigane Bobet Ouanmini cornelius tsamo Department of Chemistry Faculty of Exact and Applied SciencesUniversity of N’DjamenaBP 1027N’DjamenaChad Laboratoire de Géologie Géomorphologie et TélédétectionFacultédes Sciences Exactes et AppliquéesUniversitéde N’DjaménaBP 1027N’DjamenaChad Laboratoire de Chimie Ecole Normale Supérieure de BongorBP 13BongorTchad Department of Chemistry Higher Teachers’Training CollegeUniversity of MarouaP.O.Box 55 MarouaCameroon Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering College of TechnologyUniversity of BamendaP.O.BOX 39BambiliCameroon

The aim of this study to investigate the physico-chemical properties of soils from Diguel and Koudalwa Tchad,and phytoremediation potentials of acasia and kinkeliba plants in removing Cr and Cu from these *** was sampled from the tannery plant in Diguel and agricultural land around crude oil activities in *** were characterized by the following properties:pH,(Electrical Conductivity),TDS(Total Dissolved Solids),salinity,bulk density,OM(Organic Matter),nitrate,phosphate,clay,silt,sand,and textural *** acasia and kinkeliba plants were used to decontaminate Cu and Cr from sample soils for 30 days *** bulk density of all the soil samples from Kouldawa was higher compared to Diguil,ranging from 1.421 to 1.64 g/cm^(3)compared to 1.21 to 1.51 g/cm^(3)for *** of the soils in Kouldawa are mineral soils,while those of Diguel are mostly mineral soil with some *** soils are richer in nitrate(577.9 to 2,687.32 mg/kg in Diguel and 33.64 to 197.64 mg/kg in Kouldawa)and phosphate than soils from *** from the studied areas are not saline except for a subsurface soil in Diguel(salinity,4.21;EC,4.280 dS/m;TDS,3,040 mg/L).The highest amount of Cr and Cu removed by acasia is 78%and 53.12%compared to 73.8%and 52.21%by *** soil can be very suitable for agriculture and Kouldawa soils for *** and kinkeliba can be effectively used to decontaminate the studied soils from heavy metal pollution.

关键词： Soil physico-chemical properties phytoremediation heavy metals Tchad.

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Germination and Survival of Maize and Beans Seeds: Effects of Irrigation with NaCl and Heavy Metals Contaminated Water

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2022年第5期12卷 769-792页

作者： cornelius tsamo Sendze Martinien Alanyuy Eric Fru Zama Chi Christopher Tamu Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering College of Technology University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon Department of Chemistry Higher Teachers’ Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon

Metal toxicity and soil salinity at excessive levels in soils are toxic to plants. The main objective of this study was to demonstrate the effects of water salinity (NaCl) and heavy metal concentration on germination and seedling characteristics of maize and beans seeds. Different concentrations of NaCl (0 to 35000 mg/L) and Zn2+, Cu2+ and Pb2+ with concentrations 0 to 600 μmol/L each were used separately. These solutions were used to irrigate maize and bean seeds for 30 days. Data was taken daily for the following parameters;“the number of germinated seeds, shoot length, shoot circumference, leaf area index, leaf colors, senescence, and disease occurrences.” The crops were uprooted at the end of the 30 days and their wet masses were measured and recorded. Results indicated that seed germination reduced with an increase in the concentration of NaCl for both maize and beans with 0% germination recorded in concentrations > 5000 mg/L. The same trends were observed for other parameters, the shoot length, the leaf area index, and the shoot circumference. “For heavy metals, the trends were similar. Beans growth was more affected by Zn and Cu but maize growth was more affected by Pb.” The dry masses and wet masses of the crops with higher concentrations of metals and salts were very low compared to the control experiments. For the effects of salinity and heavy metals on beans and maize seeds, there was a significant difference (P ≤ 0.001) between all tested concentrations and the control for all growth parameters monitored. It was concluded from the results that salinity and heavy metals affect the germination and seedling characteristics of maize and beans;though some metals are essential, their presence in higher concentrations instead cause harm.

关键词： Salinity Heavy Metals Pollution Seedling Characteristics Irrigation

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Techniques and Technological Aspects of Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis) Processing in Cameroon

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2023年第4期11卷 756-769页

作者： Godlove Nfor Njeshu Ngwa Martin Ngwabie Divine Nde Bup cornelius tsamo Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering College of Technology The University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Food and Bio-Resource Technology College of Technology The University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon

Crude palm Oil (CPO) processing is very popular in African Countries. In Cameroon, various actors are involved ranging from agro-industrial complexes to traditional processing by smallholders who use very inefficient equipment and thus have low oil extraction rates. Small-scale processing by smallholders dates back to the early 1980s and has witnessed a lot of changes as a result of new actors in the sector, changing technologies and to an extent, government policies. This paper attempts a review of the origins and evolution of small-scale palm oil processing using intermediate technology, highlighting its importance to both the farmer and the national economy. An attempt is made to look into the future of this activity, with proposals for its consolidation.

关键词： CPO Small-Scale Processing Oil Extraction Rates Intermediate Technologies

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Structural Characterization of Bauxite Red Mud to Utilization in Ceramic Wall/Roofing Tile: Effect of Temperature on Mechanical Properties and Physic-Chemical Stability

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2022年第1期12卷 1-18页

作者： Ahmat Tom Paul Nestor Djomou Djonga cornelius tsamo Hambate Gomdje Valery Joshiane Azangueu Sandrine Kamdoum Noukelag Department of Energy Engineering University Institute of Technology University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Chemistry Higher Teachers’ Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Departement of Textile and Leather Engineering National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Physics and Astronomy University of the Western Cape Cape Town South Africa

This present research work is on the characterization of bauxite red mud (waste material) from Ngaoundal for the manufacture of ceramic products. After the extraction process, the raw material was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Morphology, mineral phases and chemical composition were determined by using energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (DSC-TGA), Infra-Red (IR), Particle size (PS) were also used. Results of red mud analysis show that major oxides were Fe2O3 (37.21%), Al2O3 (19.6%), SiO2 (7.68%), TiO2 (1.07%), Na2O (4.71%), and CaO (2.75%). These last oxides require low temperature to melt and act as binders which link particles of red mud during the sintering process. Presence of alkaline oxides is an appeal to reduce energy consumption during ceramic manufacture process and to protect our environment for sustainable development. Physical and mechanical properties of fired red mud showed that the firing shrinkage, bulk density, and flexural strength increase with firing temperature. Porosity and water absorption had the same pattern and they decreased with the increase of temperature. Chemical stability reveals that 10% material loss is obtained after 7 days of treatment under acid-base conditions.

关键词： Bauxite Red Mud Characterization Ceramics Wall Tile Firing Mechanical Properties

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