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Cell-type-specific transcriptomics reveals that root hairs and endodermal barriers play important roles in beneficial plant-rhizobacterium interactions

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molecular Plant 2023年第7期16卷 1160-1177页

作者： Eline H.Verbon Louisa m.Liberman jiayu Zhou jie Yin corném.j.pieterse Philip N.Benfey loannis A.Stringlis Ronnie de jonge Plant-microbe Interactions Department of BiologyScience4LifeUtrecht UniversityP.0.Box 800.563508 TB Utrechtthe Netherlands Howard Hughes medical Institute Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Biology Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Laboratory of Plant Pathology Agricultural University of Athens75 lera Odos str11855 AthensGreece

Growth-and health-promoting bacteria can boost crop productivity in a sustainable *** simiae WCS417is sucha bacterium that efficiently colonizes roots,modifiesthe architecture of the root systemto increase its size,and induces systemic resistance to make plants more resistant to pests and *** previous work suggested that WCS417-induced phenotypes are controlled by root cell-type-specific ***,it remains unclear how WCS417 affects these *** this study,we transcriptionally profiled five Arabidopsis thaliana root cell types following WCS417 *** found that the cortex and endodermis have the most differentially expressed genes,even though they are not in direct contact with this epiphytic *** of these genes are associated with reduced cell wall biogenesis,and mutant analysis suggests that this downregulation facilitates WCS417-driven root architectural ***,we observed elevated expression of suberin biosynthesis genes and increased deposition of suberin in the endodermis of WCS417-colonized *** an endodermal barrier mutant,we showed the importance of endodermal barrier integrity for optimal plant-beneficial bacterium *** of the transcriptome profiles in the two epidermal cell types that are in direct contact with WcS417-trichoblasts that form root hairs and atrichoblasts that do not-implies a difference in potential for defense gene *** both cell types respond to WCS417,trichoblasts displayed both higher basal and WCS417-dependent activation of defense-related genes compared with *** suggests that root hairs may activate root immunity,a hypothesis that is supported by differential immune responses in root hair *** together,these results highlight the strength of cell-type-specific transcriptional profiling to uncover"masked"biological mechanisms underlying beneficial plant-microbe associations.

关键词： FACs cell-type-specific transcriptomics root immunity beneficial rhizobacteria suberin root hair

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The Soil-Borne Identity and microbiome-Assisted Agriculture:Looking Back to the Future

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molecular Plant 2020年第10期13卷 1394-1401页

作者： Peter A.H.m.Bakker Roeland L.Berendsen johan A.Van Pelt Gilles Vismans Ke Yu Erqin Li Sietske Van Bentum Sanne W.m.Poppeliers juan j.Sanchez Gil Hao Zhang Pim Goossens Ioannis A.Stringlis Yang Song Ronnie de jonge corném.j.pieterse Plant-microbe Interactions Department of BiologyScience4LifeUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 83584 CH Utrechtthe Netherlands State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement Henan UniversityKaifeng 475001China Freie Universit(a)t Berlin Institut für BiologieAltensteinstrasse 614195 BerlinGermany

Looking forward includes looking back every now and *** 2007,David Weller looked back at 30 years of biocontrol of soil-borne pathogens by Pseudomonas and signified that the progress made over decades of research has provided a firm foundation to formulate current and future research *** has been recognized for more than a century that soil-borne microbes play a significant role in plant growth and *** recent application of high-throughput omics technologies has enabled detailed dissection of the microbial players and molecular mechanisms involved in the complex interactions in plant-associated ***,we highlight old and emerging plant microbiome concepts related to plant disease control,and address perspectives that modern and emerging microbiomics technologies can bring to functionally characterize and exploit plant-associated microbiomes for the benefit of plant health in future microbiome-assisted agriculture.

关键词： disease suppressive soils rhizosphere root exudates root immune response soil fungistasis

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Incidental thyroid uptake on PET scanning: epidemiology, clinical significance, and management challenge

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journal of Cancer metastasis and Treatment 2021年第1期7卷 569-587页

作者： Sarah corn Elliot mitmaker Roger Tabah Anthony Ciarallo jacques How Divisions of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery and Gerald Bronfman Department of OncologyMcGill University Health CenterMontrealQuebec H4A 3J1Canada Department of Surgery University of Kansas School of MedicineWichitaKS 67214USA Division of Nuclear medicine Department of Diagnostic RadiologyMcGill University Health CenterMontrealQuebec H4A3J1Canada Division of Endocrinology McGill University Health CenterMontrealQuebec H3Y 1A4Canada.

Incidental lesions of the thyroid are increasingly discovered as the prevalence of medical imaging *** likelihood of malignancy must be assessed for each of these *** utility of the metabolic data derived from the identification of these lesions on PET/CT imaging is *** overall rate of detection of thyroid incidentalomas on PET/CT is estimated at 1.5%-4.2%.However,this rate varies by the pattern of *** studies have evaluated predictive measures such as maximal standardized uptake value(SUVmax)and ***,no definitive conclusion has been *** that the majority of PET/CT scans are performed in the context of malignancy,we recommend first assessing the general condition and life expectancy of patients when PET-detected thyroid incidentalomas are *** also recommend considering observation versus diagnostic workup with further imaging and/or fine-needle aspiration and cytology.

关键词： PEToma PET-detected thyroid incidentaloma PET-associated incidental neoplasm

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The Effect of Fasting on PET Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第2期4卷 562-567页

作者： Nathan Tenley David j. corn Lewis Yuan Zhenghong Lee Department of Biomedical Engineering Case Western Reserve University Cleveland USA Department of Radiology University Hospitals Case Medical Center Cleveland USA.

The clinical utility of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for liver cancer applications is not clearly defined either for diagnosis or treatment assessment. Previous clinical studies demonstrated that fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) did not show uptake in some hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) while acetate showed uptake. Pre-imaging fasting is required for clinical PET imaging with FDG. No studies were done to confirm the effect of fasting on acetate uptake in HCC for PET imaging. We investigated this situation with a woodchuck model of viral infection-induced HCC. methods: Four tumor-bearing and one control woodchucks were involved in this study. They were first imaged by PET in fed state followed by another imaging session one week later when they were fasted over-night. Some animals also had FDG- PET scan that was acquired later on the same day. After imaging studies, animals were sacrificed, and their liver excised for histology. Standardized Uptake Value (SUV) was calculated using a region of interest (ROI) placed on each tumor with focal uptake. Results: Acetate showed uptake in each HCC lesion when the animals were either fasted or fed with no significant difference in SUV values (p = 0.177);some of the tumors were histologically confirmed as well-differentiated HCC while others were confirmed as moderately- or poorly-differentiated HCC;no focal uptake was found in the control animal. For the accompanying FDG scans, the uptake was detected only in animals that were fasted although the uptake pattern was different from that with acetate. Conclusion: This study provided a hint that fasting or not has little impact on PET imaging of HCC with acetate. It also confirmed prior finding regarding tumor heterogeneity that led to different tracer uptake pattern in the same tumor. Human studies are needed to validate the findings from this pre-clinical investigation.

关键词： Acetate FDG Hepatocellular Carcinoma Woodchuck Positron Emission Tomography

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Amylopectin structure and crystallinity explains variation in digestion kinetics of starches across botanic sources in an in vitro pig model

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 115-127页

作者： Bianca m.j.martens Walter j.j.Gerrits Erik m.A.m.Bruininx Henk A.Schols Laboratory of Food Chemistry Wageningen University and Research Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen University and Research Royal Agrifirm Group Agrifirm North West Europe

Background: Starch is the main source of energy in commonly used pig *** effects related to the extent of starch digestion,also several effects related to variation in digestion rate have recently been demonstrated in *** rates of starch digestion in animals and in in vitro models have been reported,depending on the botanic origin of *** from different botanic sources differ widely in structural and molecular *** the effect of starch properties on in vitro digestion kinetics based on existing literature is hampered by incomplete characterization of the starches,or by a selective choice of starches from a limited number of botanic *** research aimed to analyse the relationships between starch properties and in vitro digestion kinetics of pure starches isolated from a broad range of botanic origins,which are used in non-ruminant diets or have a potential to be used in the *** we studied starch digestion kinetics of potato,pea,corn,rice,barley,and wheat starches,and analysed the granule diameter,number of pores,type and amount of crystalline structure,amylose content and amylopectin side-chain length of all ***: multivariate analysis revealed strong correlations among starch properties,leading us to conclude that effects of most starch characteristics are strongly *** all analysed botanic sources,crystalline type and amylopectin chain length showed the strongest correlation with in vitro digestion *** percentages of A–type crystalline structure and amylopectin side chains of DP 6–24 both increased the rate of *** addition,within,but not across,(clusters of) botanic sources,a decrease in amylose content and increase in number of pores correlated positively with digestion ***: The type of crystalline structure and amylopectin chain length distribution of starch correlate significantly with digestion kinetics of starches ac

关键词： Amylopectin side chain distribution Amylose Granule diameter In vitro digestion kinetics Pores

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Cyclophosphamide induces an early wave of acrolein-independent apoptosis in the urothelium

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第8期4卷 9-14页

作者： Francis m. Hughes Alexa G. corn Andrew R. Nimmich jeffery D. Pratt-Thomas j. Todd Purves Department of Urology Medical University of South Carolina Charleston USA

Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) affects a significant number of patients undergoing cyclophosphamide (CP) chemotherapy despite treatment with 2-mercaptoethane sulfonate (mesna) to inactivate the metabolite acrolein. While the mechanism is unknown, there is clearly acrolein-independent damage to the urothelium. In this study we have explored the induction of apoptosis in the urothelium as a marker of damage and the mechanism underlying the acrolein-independent apoptosis. Two waves of apoptosis (measured as caspase-3/7 activity and Poly (ADP-ribosyl) polymerase (PARP) cleavage) were detected following CP administration, one peaking at 2 h and a second at 48 h. The first wave was not blocked by mesna, indicating it was independent of acrolein. Caspase-1 was also active at 2 h and activation of caspase-3/7 was blocked by a caspase-1 inhibitor, but not an IL-1 receptor antagonist, suggesting the direct activation of caspase-3/7 by caspase-1 without the need for IL-1 as an intermediate. Our results indicate that CP initiates an early, acrolein-independent wave of apoptosis that results from direct cleavage of caspase-3/7 by caspase-1.

关键词： Cystitis Cyclophosphamide Apoptosis Bladder Urothelium

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Temporal Patterns in Symptoms of Nitrogen Deficiency as Revealed by Remote Sensing of corn Canopy

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Pedosphere 2010年第1期20卷 15-22页

作者： j. ZHANG A. m. BLACKmER P. m. KYVERYGA m. j. GLADY T. m. BLACKmER Temple University CORE Program 3223 N. Broad Street Suite 175 Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19140 (USA) Department of Agronomy Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 (USA) Iowa Soybean Association On-Farm Network 1255 SW Prairie Trail Parkway Ankeny Iowa 50023 (USA) Winfield Solutions LLC. 114 Washington Avenue Montevideo Minnesota 56265 (USA)

To evaluate the temporal patterns of N deficiencies in corn and assess the ability of remote sensing to diagnose N deficiencies during the vegetative growth of corn, three field-scale experiments were conducted with various rates (56, 112, and 168 kg N ha-1 ), timing (early and late applications) and placement (injected into soil and dribbled on soil surface) of N fertilization in a split-plot design. Relationships between canopy reflectance during the growing season and yield data at the end of growing season were studied for different treatments. Results showed significant variation in both grain yields and canopy reflectance among the three cornfields. The N fertilization made in early june resulted in low canopy reflectance in early july, but the differences disappeared as the season progressed. The effect of N rates on canopy reflectance was not significant in early july but it gradually became detectable in mid-july and thereafter. The fertilizer placement had a significant effect on grain yields only in one field but not on canopy reflectance in all three fields. These observations suggest that the deficiency of N developed under field conditions is a dynamic phenomenon, which adds complexity for accurately defining "N deficiency" and effectively developing management strategies for in-season correction. Remote sensing throughout the season helps collect information about important interactions that have not been given enough attention in the past.

关键词： canopy reflectance fertilizer placement timing yield response

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Differences in Physiological Age Affect Diagnosis of Nitrogen Deficiencies in cornfields

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Pedosphere 2008年第5期18卷 545-553页

作者： j. ZHANG A. m. BLACKmER T. m. BLACKmER Statistical Consulting Center Wright State University 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway Dayton Ohio 45435 （USA）. Department of Agronomy Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 （USA） Iowa Soybean Association 4554 114th Street Urbandale Iowa 50322 （USA）

many studies have shown that chlorophyll meter readings （CmRs） can be used to diagnose deficiencies of nitrogen （N） during the growth of corn （Zea mays L.） in small-plot trials, but there is need to address additional problems encountered when diagnoses are made in fields of the size managed in production agriculture. A noteworthy difference between smallplot trials and production agriculture is the extent to which the effects of N are confounded with the effects of other factors such as tillage, landscape, soil organic matter and moisture content. We illustrate how some of these factors can cause differences in the physiological age of plants and introduce errors in the diagnoses of N deficiencies. We suggest methods （measuring the height to the youngest leaf collar and assigning leaf numbers by using the first leaf with pubescence and the ear leaf as references to identify growth stages） for minimizing these errors. The simplified method of growth stage identification can be used to select appropriate plants and leaves for making diagnoses in fields and to distinguish the effects of N from the effects of other factors that influence plant growth.

关键词： chlorophyll corn (Zea mays L.) nitrogen deficiency physiological age

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Antioxidant,hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effect of red wine in wistar rats fed with obesogenic diet

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 756-764页

作者： cornélio mucaca josé Henrique Tavares Filho Luciana Lima Arruda André martins Galvão maria Bernadete de Sousa maia Eryka maria dos Santos Alves Eryvelton de Souza Franco Elizabeth do Nascimento Department of Nutrition Center of Health SciencesFederal University of Pernambuco (UFPE)Cidade Universitaria50670-901RecifePEBrazil Rural Technology Department Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE)AD.Manoel de Medeiros Ave.s/nDois Irmãos52171-900RecifePEBrazil Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Center of Biological SciencesFederal University of Pernambuco (UFPE)Cidade Universitaria50670-901RecifePEBrazil

The health benefits resulting from the usual ingestion of red wines have been studied in humans and ***,the evaluation of benefits in antioxidant,hypoglycemic and hypolipemic activity concomitant with the use of an obesogenic diet in adult Wistar rats has been little *** present study investigated the use of red wine derived from Northeast Brazil in adult rats fed with an obesogenic diet on antioxidant activity,glucose tolerance,adipose,glycemic and lipemic *** 45-day old male Wistar rats formed two groups:standard diet and westernized *** changes in body mass and glycemic levels,the animals were subdivided into six subgroups (n = 10 per group) and received water,red wine or hydroalcoholic solution by *** data reveal that the moderate and chronic use of red wine improves the glycemic,lipid and oxidative stress profile,being favorable in preventing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in rats fed with an obesogenic diet.

关键词： Dyslipidemia Obesity Rats Westernized diet Red wine

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怀斯的艺术

怀斯的艺术

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1988年

作者：（美）科　恩（corn W.m.）编刘兰汀译

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