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Polarized Ketene Dithioacetals-Versatile Synthons for Different Heterocycles

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chinese Journal of chemistry 2012年第8期30卷 1886-1892页

作者： Venkatesh b.c. Premakumari c. Padmaja A. Padmavathi V. department of chemistry Sri Venkateswara UniversityTirupati-517502Andhra PradeshIndia

The reactivity of polarized ketene dithioacetals to develop a variety of heterocycles under different conditions was studied.

关键词： polarized ketene dithioacetals thienothiophenes bis-benzoxazolyl/benzothiazolyl/benzimidazolyl-pyrazolidine diones/isoxazolidinediones/pyrimidinetriones/thioxopyrimidinediones cyclocondensation

Nocturnal foragers exploit tree exudates from holes gouged by diurnal common marmoset monkeys(callithrix jacchus)

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第6期15卷 617-623页

作者： cynthia L.THOMPSON Lauren M.GAPP Leonardo c.O.MELO christopher J.VINYARD Maria A.b.de OLIVEIRA department of biomedical Sciences Grand Valley State UniversityAllendaleMichiganUSA departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal Universidade Federal Rural de PernambucoRecife-PEBrazil department of Anatomy&Neurobiology Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOhioUSA

INTRODUcTION Plant exudates are a common,yet often overlooked food source eaten by 94 mammalian species spread across 6 orders(Nash&burrows 2010;cabana et al.2018).However,exudates(including gums,resins,and latex,defined following cabana et al.2018)contain large amounts of non-digestible carbohydrates and plant secondary metabolites,posing challenges for mammals exploiting this resource(Power 2010).Due to the difficulty of gaining nutrition from exudates,they are not considered a high-quality food source,despite the number of species that consume them(Power 2010;cabana et al.2018).

关键词： exploit resins latex

cOORDINATING A TWO-EcHELON SUPPLY cHAIN THROUGH DIFFERENT cONTRAcTS UNdeR PRIcE AND PROMOTIONAL EFFORT-dePENdeNT deMAND

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2013年第3期22卷 295-318页

作者： b.c.GIRI S.bARDHAN T.MAITI department of Mathematics Jadavpur UniversityIndia

Retail price and promotional effort are two important parameters on which demand of a commodity largely depends. This paper develops and analyzes a two-echelon supply chain where market demand depends on both retail price and sales effort. The centralized model is studied as the benchmark case, and the wholesale price-only contract is studied as the base case in which each entity tries to maximize its individual profit. Different contract mechanisms are implemented to outperform the base case in terms of both total chain＇s as well as individual profits. comparisons among the coordinating contracts are provided so that any entity may choose the better one from available contracts after the contract parameters are negotiated. The model is extensively examined through a numerical example.

关键词： Price and effort-dependent demand wholesale price-only contract wholesale price discount revenue sharing profit sharing two-part tariff

Volcano video data characterized and classified using computer vision and machine learning algorithms

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第5期11卷 1789-1803页

作者： Alex J.c.Witsil Jeffrey b.Johnson department of Geosciences Boise State UniversityBoiseIDUSA

Video cameras are common at volcano observatories,but their utility is often limited during periods of crisis due to the large data volume from continuous acquisition and time requirements for manual *** cameras to serve as effective monitoring tools,video frames must be synthesized into relevant time series signals and further analyzed to classify and characterize observable *** this study,we use computer vision and machine learning algorithms to identify periods of volcanic activity and quantify plume rise velocities from video *** were collected at Villarrica Volcano,chile from two visible band cameras located^17 km from the vent that recorded at 0.1 and 30 frames per second between February and April *** these two months,Villarrica exhibited a diverse range of eruptive activity,including a paroxysmal eruption on 3 *** to and after the eruption,activity included nighttime incandescence,dark and light emissions,inactivity,and periods of cloud *** quantify the color and spatial extent of plume emissions using a blob detection algorithm,whose outputs are fed into a trained artificial neural network that categorizes the observable activity into five *** shifts from primarily nighttime incandescence to ash emissions following the 3 March paroxysm,which likely relates to the reemergence of the buried lava *** periods exhibiting plume emissions are further analyzed using a row and column projection algorithm that identifies plume onsets and calculates apparent plume horizontal and vertical rise *** onsets are episodic,occurring with an average period of^50 s and suggests a puffing style of degassing,which is commonly observed at ***,the lack of clear acoustic transients in the accompanying infrasound record suggests puffing may be controlled by atmospheric effects rather than a degassing regime at the *** presented here offer a generalized toolset for volcano monito

关键词： Volcano monitoring Plume exit velocity Volcano webcam Image processing Machine learning Villarrica

Magnetic systems for cancer immunotherapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica b 2021年第8期11卷 2172-2196页

作者： Nicole b.Day William c.Wixson c.Wyatt Shields IV department of chemical&biological Engineering University of ColoradoBoulderCO 80303USA

Immunotherapy is a rapidly developing area of cancer treatment due to its higher specificity and potential for greater efficacy than traditional *** cell modulation through the administration of drugs,proteins,and cells can enhance antitumoral responses through pathways that may be otherwise inhibited in the presence of immunosuppressive *** systems offer several advantages for improving the performance of immunotherapies,including increased spatiotemporal control over transport,release,and dosing of immunomodulatory drugs within the body,resulting in reduced off-target effects and improved *** to alternative methods for stimulating drug release such as light and pH,magnetic systems enable several distinct methods for programming immune ***,we discuss how magnetic hyperthermia can stimulate immune cells and trigger thermoresponsive drug ***,we summarize how magnetically targeted delivery of drug carriers can increase the accumulation of drugs in target ***,we review how biomaterials can undergo magnetically driven structural changes to enable remote release of encapsulated ***,we describe the use of magnetic particles for targeted interactions with cellular receptors for promoting antitumor ***,we discuss translational considerations of these systems,such as toxicity,clinical compatibility,and future opportunities for improving cancer treatment.

关键词： Drug delivery Immunotherapy Magnetic hyperthermia Magnetic nanoparticles Microrobotics biomaterials

A new genus and species of shrimp(crustacea:Axiidea:Axiidae)from the caroline Ridge,Northwest Pacific

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第5期39卷 1830-1840页

作者： Qi KOU Gary c.b.POORE Xinzheng LI Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China Laboratory for Marine biology and biotechnology Pilot NationalLaboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Museums Victoria PO Box 666MelbourneVic.3001Australia

A new genus and species of axiid shrimp,carolinaxius kexuae *** *** described and illustrated based on a single specimen collected from an unnamed seamount in the caroline Ridge,Northwest *** both chelipeds are mis sing,the specimen can be distinguished from other axiid genera by a combination of characteristics:narrowly triangular ro strum;median carina and lateral gastric carina each with one prominent tooth;submedian gastric carinae converging po steriorly,with teeth;cornea weakly pigmented,eyestalk with acute distome sial tooth on dorsal surface;male pleopod 1 two-articled;pleopod 2 with appendix interna and appendix masculina;pleopods 3-5 with appendix *** molecular phylogeny suggests the new genus is most closely related to another recently described genus living inside hexactinellid sponges on seamounts in the Indian Ocean,Montanaxius Dworschak,***,it differs from Montanaxius in the shape of the rostrum,the arrangement of teeth on the carapace,and the shape of the ***,the significant molecular differences support the two belonging to different genera.

关键词： carolinaxius kexuae gen.et sp.nov. taxonomy molecular evidence deep-sea seamount

Resveratrol attenuates metabolic,sperm,and testicular changes in adult Wistar rats fed a diet rich in lipids and simple carbohydrates

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第2期21卷 201-207页

作者： Fabiana A de Oliveira Waldemar S costa Francisco J b Sampaio bianca M Gregorio Urogenital Research Unit Biomedical CenterState University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 20551-030Brazil

High-fat diets affect male reproduction and sexual ***,we evaluated the effects of prolonged resveratrol administration on the metabolic,sperm,and testicular parameters of rats fed a cafeteria *** Wistar rats were divided at weaning into control(cv n=20)and cafeteria(cAF,n=16)*** 3 months,half of them were given daily supplementations of resveratrol(c-R,n=10;cAF-R,n=8)at a dosage of 30 mg kg-1 body mass for 2 *** were killed at 5 months of age,and blood,spermatozoa,and testes were collected for further *** were analyzed by one-way ANOVA,and Pconsidered statistically *** cAF diet promoted hyperglycemia(Pcondition(PcAF diet reduced sperm viability and motility,while resveratrol improved these parameters(Fcular morphology,the height of the seminiferous epithelium was reduced in the cAF group compared with that of the c group(P=0.0007).Spermatogenic cell proliferation was also reduced in the cAF group compared with that of the c ***,the cAF-R showed an increase in cell proliferation rate compared with that of the untreated cAF group(P=0.0024).Although it did not modify body mass,the consumption of a cAF diet promoted hyperglycemia,adverse testicular morphology remodeling,and abnormal sperm,which were attenuated by treatment with resveratrol,thus suggesting a protective effect of this antioxidant on spermatogenesis.

关键词： cafeteria diet morphology resveratrol spermatozoa testicle

A functional variant in the cD209 promoter is associated with DQ2-negative celiac disease in the Spanish population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第27期12卷 4397-4400页

作者： c Nú■ez b Rueda A Martínez c Maluenda I Polanco MA López-Nevot E Ortega E Sierra E Gómez de la concha E Urcelay J Martín Servicio de Inmunología clínica Hospital Clínico San CarlosMadridSpain Instituto de Parasitología y biomedicina "López Neyra" CSICGranadaSpain Servicio de Pediatría Hospital Clínico San CarlosMadrid Spain Servicio de Gastroenterología y Nutrición Pediátrica Hospital La PazMadridSpain Servicio de Inmunología Hospital Virgen de las NievesGranadaSpain Servicio de Pediatría Hospital Virgen de las NievesGranadaSpain centro de Investigaciones biológicas CISCMadridSpain

AIM： To address the role of cD209 in celiac disease （cD） patients. Non-human leukocyte antigen （HLA） genetic factors in cD predisposition are poorly understood, and environmental factors like infectious pathogens may play a role. cD209 is a dendritic and macrophage surface molecule involved in pathogen recognition and immune activation. Recently, a functional variant in the promoter of the cD209 gene （-336A/G） has been shown to affect the transcriptional cD209 activity in vitro and it has been associated with a higher susceptibility to/or severity of infection. METHODS： The study population was composed of two case-control cohorts of 103 and 386 cD patients and 312 y 419 healthy controls as well as a panel of 257 celiac families. Genotyping for the -336A/G cD209 promoter polymorphism was performed using a TaqMan 5＇ allelic discrimination assay. HLA-DQ was determined by hybridization with allele specific probes. RESULTS： Initially, the case-control and familial studies did not find any association of the -336 A/G cD209 genetic variant with cD susceptibility. However, the stratification by HLA-DQ2 did reveal a significant association of cD209 promoter polymorphism in the HLA-DQ2 （-） group （carrier A vs GG in DQ2 （-） vs DQ2 （＋） patients （P = 0.026, OR = 3.71）. cONcLUSION： The -336G cD209 allele seems to be involved in cD susceptibility in HLA-DQ2 （-） patients. Our results might suggest a possible role of pathogens in the onset of a minor group of cD patients.

关键词： cD209 HLA-DQ2 celiac disease Single nucleotide polymorphism Susceptibility

Evaluation of SIFOM-FVcOM system for high-fidelity simulation of small-scale coastal ocean flows

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2016年第6期28卷 994-1002页

作者： K.QU H.S.TANG A.AGRAWAL c.b.JIANG b.deNG department of civil Engineering City College City University of New York School of Hydraulic Engineering Changsha University of Sciences and Technology

This paper evaluates the SIFOM-FVcOM system recently developed by the authors to simulate multiphysics coastal ocean flow phenomena, especially those at small scales. First, its formulation for buoyancy is examined with regard to solution accu- racy and computational efficiency. Then, the system is used to track particles in circulations in the Jamaica bay, demonstrating that large-scale patterns of trajectories of fluid particles are sensitive to small-scales flows from which they are released. Finally, a simulation is presented to illustrate the SIFOM-FVcOM system＇s capability, which is beyond the reach of other existing models, to directly and simultaneously model large-scale storm surges as well as small-scale flow structures around bridge piers within the Hudson River during the Hurricane Sandy.

关键词： coastal ocean flow multiscale multiphysics hybrid method domain decomposition SIFOM-FVcOM system