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The corpus cavernosum after treatment with dutasteride or finasteride： a histomorphometric study in a benign prostatic hyperplasia rodent model

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第5期20卷 505-510页

作者： Marcello H A Da Silva Waldemar S costa Francisco J b Sampaio Diogo b de Souza Urogenital Research Unit Rio de Janeiro State University Rio de Janeiro RJ 20551-030 Brazil

Erectile dysfunction is a common side effect of finasteride and dutasteride treatments. The objective of this study was to investigate the structural changes in the penis using a benign prostatic hyperplasia （bPH） rodent model treated with dutasteride or finasteride. Sixty male rats were divided into the following groups： c, untreated control rats; c ＋ D, control rats receiving dutasteride; c ＋ F, control rats receiving finasteride; H, untreated spontaneously hypertensive rats （SHRs）; H ＋ D, SHRs treated with dutasteride; and H ＋ F, SHRs treated with finasteride. Treatments were performed for 40 days, and penises were collected immediately thereafter. The organs were analyzed using histomorphometric methods to determine the cross-sectional penile area, as well as the surface density （Sv） of smooth muscle fibers, connective tissue, elastic system fibers, and sinusoidal spaces of the corpus cavernosum. The results were compared using a one-way ANOVA with bonferroni＇s posttest. Groups c ＋ D and c ＋ F had a significantly smaller penile cross-sectional area, but more elastic system fiber Sv compared to Group c. Group c ＋ D showed less smooth muscle Sv, and Group H showed more connective tissue but a smaller sinusoidal space Sv in the corpus cavernosum compared to Group c. Groups H ＋ D and H ＋ F had less smooth muscle Sv than Group H. Group H ＋ D also had more connective tissue and elastic system fiber Sv than Group H. both dutasteride and finasteride promoted penile modifications in the control rat penis, although this affect was ~reater in Group H animals. In this rodent model, dutasteride was the drug that most affected the corpus cavernosum.

关键词： animal models benign prostatic hyperplasia dutasteride erectile dysfunction finasteride penis

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Soils and Surface Waters as Affected by Long-Term Swine Slurry Application in Oxisols of Southern brazil

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Pedosphere 2014年第5期24卷 585-594页

作者： T.bROETTO c.G.TORNQUIST c.bAYER b.c.cAMPOS c.G.MERTEN b.WOTTRIcH departamento de Solos Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) 91540-000 Porto Alegre RS (Brazil) Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Sul/campus Ibirubá

The accelerated expansion of swine production in brazil has increased the generation of liquid wastes, which are usually applied to agricultural soils after a simplified treatment and pose potential environmental impacts. The objective of this study was to assess the agronomic and environmental impacts of long-term application of swine slurry(SS) on soil and stream water properties in watersheds dominated by Oxisols in Quinze de Novembro of Southern brazil. Soil samples(0–30 cm) were collected from farms with continuous application of SS since 1990 at low(40–80 m3 SS ha-1year-1) and high(120–300 m3 SS ha-1year-1) rates of SS. Surface water samples were collected from streams adjacent to the farm fields. Long-term SS application did not change total organic c and particulate organic c compared to cropland and woodland soils without SS application. The high rates of SS increased total N, P, cu,and Zn and available P and cu in the topsoil(0–10 cm) compared to woodland and cropland soils without SS application. Surface water analyses showed that fecal coliform bacteria and biological oxygen demand exceeded the legal limits for high quality water(class 1). Other water parameters(such as NO-3, phosphate and total suspended solids) were within the acceptable limits. Long-term disposal of SS in cropland under no-tillage had impaired water quality in Quinze de Novembro, especially biological parameters. Some best management practices should be adopted, including more rigorous control of SS application to cropland as well as requiring edge-of-field and riparian vegetative buffers.

关键词： no-tillage nutrient balance swine farm water quality watershed

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chemical forms and extractability of iron in sediments of three contrasting lakes of china and UK

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第6期15卷 728-733页

作者： Gibson c.E.,Stewart b.M. Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process Institute of Applied Ecology chinese Academy of Sciences department of Agricultural and Environmental Science Queen's University belfast Shenyang 110016 china Newforge Lane belfast bT9 5PX UK

Iron is a limiting factor for the eutrophication of lakes, especially those lakes that are enriched with phosphorus. Extractability of iron in sediments of West Lake and Taihu Lake in china and Lower Lough Erne in Northern Ireland of UK was comparatively investigated on the basis of analysing chemical forms of iron using different extractants. It was shown that extractable iron in sediments of the lakes was greatly different using various extractants. Reactive iron or easily released iron such as “active" iron oxides, total free iron oxide and water-soluble iron was not high, only accounting for 0.01%—0.15% of total iron. The efficiency of the extractants for exchangeable iron was decreased in the sequence 0.1 mol/L Hcl DTPA+TEA mixed solution > 1 mol/L NH 4OAc > 0.5 mol/L Mgcl 2 = 0.5 mol/L cacl 2. It seems that the complexion of iron by organic matter was not strong because the concentration of organically bound iron was significantly lower than the concentration it was forecasted. Extractable iron is not entirely consistent with or dependent on total iron in lake sediments. To a certain extent, phosphate can inhibit the release of iron in sediments of the lakes. The selection of extractants is thus the first key step to evaluate bioavailability of iron in lake sediments.

关键词： iron chemical form extractability lake sediment eutrophication

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An analytical model for electrode-ceramic interaction in multilayer piezoelectric actuators

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2007年第2期23卷 199-208页

作者： b.L.Wang J.c.Han center for composite Materials Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

The present paper develops an analytical model for multi-electrodes in multi-layered piezoelectric actuators, in which the electrodes are vertical to and terminated at the edges of the medium and electroelastic field concentrations ahead of the electrodes in the multilayer piezoelectric actuators are examined. by considering a representative unit in realistic multilayers, the problem is formulated in terms of electric potential between the electrode tips and results in a system of singular integral equations in which the electric potential is taken as unknown function. Effects are investigated of electrode spacing and piezoelectric coupling on the singular electroelastic fields at the electrode tips, and closed-form expressions are given for the electromechanical field near the electrode tips. Exact solution for un-coupled dielectrics is provided, where no piezoelectric coupling is present.

关键词： Actuators . Piezoelectric materials . Electrodes. Multilayer. Fracture mechanics

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Exploring water and ion transport process at silicone/copper interfaces using in-situ electrochemical and Kelvin probe approaches

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第5期64卷 203-213页

作者： b.Munirathinam J.P.b.van Dam A.Herrmann W.D.van Driel F.de buyl S.J.F.Erich L.G.J.van der Ven O.c.G.Adan J.M.c.Mol delft University of Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering DepartmentDelftThe Netherlands Eindhoven University of Technology Department of Applied PhysicsEindhovenThe Netherlands Signify High Tech CampusEindhovenThe Netherlands delft University of Technology Electronic ComponentsTechnology and MaterialsFaculty of Electrical EngineeringDelftThe Netherlands Dow Silicones belgium s.p.r.l. Belgium

In general,packaging materials which encapsulate light emitting diodes(LEDs)and microelectronic devices offer barrier protection against several environmental hazards such as water and ionic ***,these encapsulants may provide pathways for water and ionic contaminants to reach the metal/polymer interfaces and provoke local corrosion of electronics,which is a major reliability concern for polymer encapsulated LEDs and *** the water and corrosive constituents play a crucial role in their reliability,water uptake kinetics,interfacial ion transport and delamination behaviour of silicone coated copper model system,mimicking a typical microelectronics packaging system,is explored in the present *** impedance spectroscopy(EIS)integrated with attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared(ATR-FTIR)spectroscopy studies revealed that water diffusion inside the silicone network is Fickian in nature and the evolution of the observed time constants are related to the diffusion and interfacial reactions.A decrease of impedance magnitude with time was observed in EIS measurements concurrently with water absorption bands shifting towards lower wavenumber in ATR-FTIR measurements,implying the growth of strong hydrogen bonding between water molecules and the silicone *** estimated diffusion constant of water using the capacitance method was in the order of 7×10^(-12)m^(2)s^(-1)and the water absorption volume fraction was in the range of 0%to 0.30%.Scanning Kelvin probe studies elucidated the ion transport process occurring at the silicone/copper interface in a humid *** interfacial ion transport process is controlled by the interfacial electrochemical reactions at the cathodic delamination front and the estimated average delamination rate is 0.43 mm h^(-1/2).This work demonstrates that exploring ion and water transport in the silicone coating and along the silicone/copper interface is of pivotal importance as

关键词： Silicone Impedance Water transport Scanning Kelvin probe delamination

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Optimization of Machining characteristics for Al/Sicp composites using ANN/GA

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2002年第1期18卷 47-50页

作者： R.Karthikeyan b.c.Pai 等 departmentofProductionEngineering AnnamalaiUniversityAnnamalainagar-608002India RegionalResearchLaboratory ThiruvananthapuramIndia

The present work is focused on optimization of machining characteristics of AI/Sicp composites. The machining characteristics such as specific energy, tool wear and surface roughness were studied. The parameters such as volume fraction of Sic, cutting speed and feed rate were considered. Artificial neural networks (ANN) was used to train and simulate the experimental data. Genetic algorithms (GA) was interfaced with ANN to optimize the machining conditions for the desired machining characteristics. Validation of optimized results was also performed by confirmation experiments.

关键词： Al/Sicp composites Artificial neural networks Genetic algorithms

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Thiopurine-methyltransferase variants in inflammatory bowel disease:Prevalence and toxicity in brazilian patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第12期20卷 3327-3334页

作者： Ana Teresa P carvalho barbara c Esberard Renata S b Fróes Davy c M Rapozo Ana b Grinman Tatiana A Simo Juliana c V c Santos Antonio José V carneiro Luis Felipe Ribeiro-Pinto Heitor S P de Souza Disciplina de Gastroenterologia e Endoscopia Digestiva Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Programa de carcinogênese Molecular Instituto Nacional de Cancer Laboratório de Toxicologia e biologia Molecular Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Servi?o de Gastroenterologia Departamento de Clínica MédicaUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

AIM: To analyze the prevalence of thiopurine-methyltransferase (TPMT) genotypes and their association with drug toxicity in inflammatory bowel disease (IbD) patients from southeastern brazil.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Thiopurine-methyl-transferase Azathioprine Drug toxicity Pancreatitis

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Estimated impact of introduction of new diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第6期12卷 868-882页

作者： Leon de Wit Anna b Zijlmans Doortje Rademaker christiana A Naaktgeboren J Hans deVries Arie Franx Rebecca c Painter bas b van Rijn department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht 3584 EANetherlands department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Gelderse Vallei HospitalEde 6716 RPNetherlands department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Amsterdam University Medical Centers-Location AMCAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Amsterdam University Medical Centers–Location AMCAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands department of Endocrinology Amsterdam University Medical Centers–Location AMCAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine Erasmus MC Sophia Children HospitalRotterdam 3015 GDNetherlands

bAcKGROUND Implementation of new diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)are still a subject of debate,mostly due to concerns regarding the effects on the number of women diagnosed with GDM and the risk profile of the women newly *** To estimate the impact of the World Health Organization(WHO)2013 criteria compared with the WHO 1999 criteria on the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus as well as to determine the diagnostic accuracy for detecting adverse pregnancy *** We retrospectively analyzed a single center Dutch cohort of 3338 women undergoing a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test where the WHO 1999 criteria to diagnose GDM were clinically *** were categorized into four groups:non-GDM by both criteria,GDM by WHO 1999 only(excluded from GDM),GDM by WHO 2013 only(newly diagnosed)and GDM by both *** compared maternal characteristics,pregnancy outcomes and likelihood ratios for adverse pregnancy *** Retrospectively applying the WHO 2013 criteria increased the cohort incidence by 13.1%,from 19.3%to 32.4%.Discordant diagnoses occurred in 21.3%;4.1%would no longer be labelled as GDM,and 17.2%were newly *** to the non-GDM group,women newly diagnosed were older,had higher rates of obesity,higher diastolic blood pressure and higher rates of caesarean *** infants were more often delivered preterm,large-for-gestational-age and were at higher risk of a 5 min Apgar scorecluded from GDM were older and had similar pregnancy outcomes compared to the non-GDM group,except for higher rates of shoulder dystocia(4.3%vs 1.3%,P=0.015).Positive likelihood ratios for adverse outcomes in all groups were generally low,ranging from 0.54 to *** Applying the WHO 2013 criteria would result in a substantial increase in GDM *** diagnosed women are at increased risk for pregnancy adverse *** risk,however,seems to be lower than those identified by the

关键词： Diagnostic criteria Gestational diabetes Glucose tolerance test Incidence Pregnancy outcome

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comparative Effect of an Addition of a Surface Term to Woods-Saxon Potential on Thermodynamics of a Nucleon

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communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第1期69卷 23-27页

作者： b.c.Lütfüoglu department of Physics Akdeniz University

In this study, we reveal the difference between Woods-Saxon(WS) and Generalized Symmetric WoodsSaxon(GSWS) potentials in order to describe the physical properties of a nucleon, by means of solving Schr¨odinger equation for the two potentials. The additional term squeezes the WS potential well, which leads an upward shift in the spectrum, resulting in a more realistic picture. The resulting GSWS potential does not merely accommodate extra quasi bound states, but also has modified bound state spectrum. As an application, we apply the formalism to a real problem,an α particle confined in bohrium-270 nucleus. The thermodynamic functions Helmholtz energy, entropy, internal energy,specific heat of the system are calculated and compared for both wells. The internal energy and the specific heat capacity increase as a result of upward shift in the spectrum. The shift of the Helmholtz free energy is a direct consequence of the shift of the spectrum. The entropy decreases because of a decrement in the number of available states.

关键词： Woods-Saxon potential generalized symmetric Woods-Saxon potential bound states analytical solutions partition function thermodynamic functions

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Synthesis and characterization of caAl_xO_y:Eu^(2+) phosphors prepared using solution-combustion method

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Journal of Rare Earths 2010年第S1期28卷 272-276页

作者： F.b.dejene D.b.bem H.c.Swart department of Physics University of the Free State(Qwaqwa Campus)Private Bag X13Phuthaditjhaba9866South Africa department of Physics University of the Free StateP.O.Box 339Bloemfontein9300South Africa

Europium-doped calcium aluminate(caAlxOy:Eu2+) phosphors were obtained at low temperatures(500 oc) by the solution-combustion of corresponding metal nitrate-urea solution *** particle size and morphology and the structural and luminescent properties of the as-synthesized phosphors were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Auger spectroscopy,transmission electron spectroscopy(TEM) and photoluminescence(PL).It was found that the ca:Al molar ratios showed greatly influence not only on the particle size and morphology,but also on their PL spectra and *** the ca:Al molar ratios increasing from 6:100 to 26:100,the structure of as-synthesized phosphor changed from caAl12O19 to monoclinic caAl2O4 and the dominant emitting light from red to blue,implying that the oxidation state of doped europium ions changed from trivalent to divalent due to the structure variation of host lattice.A blue phosphor with almost pure phase can be easily prepared by solution combustion method with suitable ca:Al molar ratio.

关键词： caAlxOy:Eu2+ solution-combustion molar ratio structure luminescence rare earths

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