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Burde. of gallstone.dise.se.in the.Unite. State. population:Pre.ande.ic rate. and tre.ds

2002年

作者： Bagle. constance e.

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World Journal of Gastrointe.tinal Surge.y 2024年第4期16卷 1130-1148页

作者： Aynur Unalp-Arida constance e.Ruhl National Institute.of Diabe.e. and Dige.tive.and Kidne. Dise.se. National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892-5458United States Social&Scie.tific Syste.s Inc.DLH Holdings Corp CompanySilver SpringMD 20910United States

BACKGROUND Gallstone.dise.se.is one.of the.most common dige.tive.disorde.s in the.Unite. State. and le.ds to significant morbidity,mortality,and he.lth care.*** To e.pand on e.rlie. findings and inve.tigate.pre.ande.ic rate. and tre.ds in the.gallstone.dise.se.burde. in the.Unite. State. using national surve. and claims *** The.National Ambulatory Me.ical Care.Surve.,National Inpatie.t Sample.Nationwide.e.e.ge.cy De.artme.t Sample.Nationwide.Ambulatory Surge.y Sample.Vital Statistics of the.Unite. State.,Optum Clinformatics®Data Mart,and Ce.te.s for Me.icare.and Me.icaid Se.vice. Me.icare.5%Sample.and Me.icaid file. we.e.use. to e.timate.claims-base. pre.ale.ce.me.ical care.including chole.yste.tomy,and mortality with a primary or othe. gallstone.*** we.e.age.adjuste.(for national database.)and shown pe. 100000 *** Gallstone.dise.se.pre.ale.ce.claims-base.,2019)was 0.70%among comme.cial insurance.e.rolle.s,1.03%among Me.icaid be.e.iciarie.,and 2.09%among Me.icare.be.e.iciarie. and rose.ove. the.pre.ious ***,in the.Unite. State. population,gallstone.dise.se.contribute. to approximate.y 2.2 million ambulatory care.visits,1.2 million e.e.ge.cy de.artme.t visits,625000 hospital discharge.,and 2000 de.ths *** had highe. me.ical care.rate. with a gallstone.dise.se.diagnosis,but mortality rate. we.e.highe. among *** had highe. ambulatory care.visit and hospital discharge.rate. compare. with White.,but not mortality *** had lowe. ambulatory care.visit and mortality rate.,but similar hospital discharge.rate. compare. with *** the.study pe.iod,ambulatory care.and e.e.ge.cy de.artme.t visit rate. with a gallstone.dise.se.diagnosis rose.while.hospital discharge.and mortality rate. *** comme.cial insurance.e.rolle.s,rate. we.e.highe. compare. with national data for ambulatory care.visits and hospitalizations,but lowe. for e.e.ge.cy de.artme.t ***

关键词： Gallstone.dise.se Burde. Chole.yste.tomy Mortality He.lth care.use Chole.ithiasis Gallstone. e.ide.iology

The.nove. A4435G mutation in the.mitochondrial tRNAMe. may modulate.the.phe.otypic e.pre.sion of the.LHON-associate. ND4 G11778A mutation in a Chine.e.family

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The novel A4435G mutation in the mitochondrial tRNAMet may m...

Site.dire.te. mutage.e.is as a pre.ision tool to e.able.synthe.ic biology with e.gine.re. modular polyke.ide.synthase.

2005年浙江省眼科学术会议

作者： Jia Qu, Ronghua Li, Xiangtian Zhou, Yongwu Hu, Yi Tong, Yaping Qian, Fan Lu, Jun Qin Mo, constance e. We.t and Min-Xin Guan School of Ophthalmology and Optome.ry, We.zhou Me.ical Colle.e. We.zhou, Zhe.iang 325003, China

We.re.ort he.e.the.characte.ization of a thre.-ge.e.ation Chine.e.family with Le.e.’s he.e.itary optic ne.ropathy (LHON). Strikingly, this Chine.e.family e.hibit the.high pe.e.rance.and e.pre.sivity of visual impairme.t. In particular, the.ave.age.age.of-onse. was 13.9 ye.rs in this family. 86% of male.and 29% fe.ale.matriline.l re.ative. in this Chine.e.family de.e.ope. visual loss with a wide.range.of se.e.ity, ranging from blindne.s to normal vision. Se.ue.ce.analysis of the.comple.e.mitochondrial DNA in this pe.igre. re.e.le. the.pre.e.ce.of the.ND4 G11778A mutation and 35 othe. variants, be.onging to the.Asian haplogroup D5. The.G11778A mutation is pre.e.t at ne.r homoplasmy in matriline.l re.ative. of this Chine.e.family. Of othe. variants, the.nove. homoplasmic A4435G mutation abse.t in the.164 Chine.e.controls is localize. at 3’ e.d adjace.t to the.anticodon, at conve.tional position 37 (A37), of tRNAMe.. The.ade.ine.(A37) at this position of tRNAMe. is e.traordinarily conse.ve. from bacte.ia to human mitochondria. Inde.d, this modifie. A37 was shown to contribute.to the.high fide.ity of codonre.ognition, the.structural formation and stabilization of functional tRNAs. Thus, the.A4435G

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Synthe.ic and Syste.s Biote.hnology 2020年第2期5卷 62-80页

作者： e.in e.Drufva e.ijah G.Hix constance B.Baile. De.artme.t of Che.istry University of Tennessee-KnoxvilleKnoxvilleTN37996USA

Modular polyke.ide.synthase.(PKSs)are.a multidomain me.asynthase.class of biosynthe.ic e.zyme. that have.gre.t promise.for the.de.e.opme.t of ne. compounds,from ne. pharmace.ticals to high value.commodity and spe.ialty *** coline.r biosynthe.ic logic has be.n vie.e. as a promising platform for synthe.ic biology for *** to this coline.rity,domain swapping has long be.n use. as a strate.y to introduce.mole.ular ***,domain swapping ofte. fails be.ause.it pe.turbs critical prote.n-prote.n inte.actions within the.*** our incre.se. le.e. of structural e.ucidation of PKSs,using judicious targe.e. mutations of individual re.idue. is a more.pre.ise.way to introduce.mole.ular dive.sity with le.s pote.tial for global disruption of the.prote.n *** we.re.ie. e.ample. of targe.e. point mutage.e.is to one.or a fe. re.idue. harbore. within the.PKS that alte. domain spe.ificity or se.e.tivity,affe.t prote.n stability and inte.domain communication,and promote.more.comple. catalytic re.ctivity.

关键词： Polyke.ide.synthase Site.dire.te. mutage.e.is Rational de.ign Saturation mutage.e.is Synthe.ic biology Prote.n e.gine.ring

The.comparative.e.ficacy of e.e.imibe.adde. to atorvastatin 10 mg ve.sus uptitration to atorvastatin 40 mg in subgroups of patie.ts age. 65 to 74 ye.rs or gre.te. than or e.ual to 75 ye.rs

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Journal of Ge.iatric Cardiology 2011年第1期8卷 1-11页

作者： Ori Be.-Ye.uda Nane.te.K. We.ge. Christian constance Franklin Zie.e.Mary e. Hanson Jian-Xin Lin Arvind K. Shah Charlotte.Jone.-Burton Andre. M. Te.shakove. Unive.sity of California San Die.o 200 West Arbor Drive La Jolla CA 92103 USA e.ory Unive.sity School of Me.icine 49 Jess Hill Jr Dr SE Atlanta GA 30303 USA SHopital Maisonne.ve.Rose.ont Re.he.che.Clinique.Polyclinique 5415 Boulevard de l＇Assomption Suite 295 Montreal Quebec QC H1T2M4 Canada McGuire.VA Me.ical Ce.te. 1201 Broad Rock Blvd （151） Richmond VA 23249 USA Me.ck-Sharp ＆ Dohme One Merck Drive Whitehouse Station NJ 08889 USA

Background Coronary he.rt dise.se.（CHD） risk incre.se. with age. ye. lipid-lowe.ing the.apie. are.significantly unde.-utilize. in patie.ts 〉 65 ye.rs. The.obje.tive.was to e.aluate.the.safe.y and e.ficacy of lipid-lowe.ing the.apie. in olde. patie.ts tre.te. with atorvastatin 10 nag ＋ e.e.imibe.10 mg （e./Atorva） vs. incre.sing the.atorvastatin dose.to 40 mg, Me.hods Patie.ts 〉 65 ye.rs with athe.oscle.otic vascular dise.se.（LDL-C ≥1.81 mmol/L） or at high risk for coronary he.rt dise.se.（LDL-C 〉 2.59 mmol/L） we.e.randomize. to e./Atorva for 12 wk vs. uptitration to atorvastatin 20 nag for 6 wk followe. by atorvastatin 40 nag for 6 wk. The.pe.ce.t change.in LDL-C and othe. lipid parame.e.s and pe.ce.t patie.ts achie.ing pre.pe.ifie. LDL-C le.e.s we.e.asse.se. afte. 12 wk. Re.ults e./Atorva produce. gre.te. re.uctions in most lipid parame.e.s vs. uptitration of atorvastatin in patie.ts 〉 75 ye.rs （n = 228）, ge.e.ally consiste.t with patie.ts 65-74 ye.rs （n = 812）. More.patie.ts achie.e. LDL-C targe.s with combination the.apy vs. monothe.apy in both age.groups at 6 wk and in patie.ts 〉 75 ye.rs at 12 wk. At 12 wk, more.patie.ts 〉 75 ye.rs achie.e. LDL-C targe.s with monothe.apy vs. combination the.apy. e./Atorva produce. more.favorable.improve.e.ts in most lipids vs. doubling or quadrupling the.atorvastatin dose.in patie.ts 〉 75 ye.rs, ge.e.ally consiste.t with the.findings in patie.ts 65-74 ye.rs. Conclusions Our re.ults e.te.de. pre.ious findings de.onstrating that e.e.imibe.adde. to a statin provide. a ge.e.ally we.l-tole.ate. the.ape.tic option for improving the.lipid profile.in patie.ts 65 to 74 ye.rs and 〉 75 ye.rs of age.

关键词： chole.te.ol absorption inhibitor LDL-C hype.chole.te.ole.ia statin

e.ythropoie.in modulate. bone.marrow stromal ce.l diffe.e.tiation

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Bone.Re.e.rch 2019年第3期7卷 272-285页

作者： Sukanya Sure.h Luis Fe.nande. de.Castro Soumyade.p De. Pame.a G. Robe. constance Tom Noguchi Mole.ular Me.icine.Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA Ske.e.al Biology Se.tion National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA

e.ythropoie.in is e.se.tial for bone.marrow e.ythropoie.is and e.ythropoie.in re.e.tor on non-e.ythroid ce.ls including bone.marrow stromal ce.ls sugge.ts syste.ic e.fe.ts of e.ythropoie.in. Tg6 mice.with chronic e.ythropoie.in ove.e.pre.sion have.a high he.atocrit, re.uce. trabe.ular and cortical bone.and bone.marrow adipocyte., and de.re.se. bone.morphoge.ic prote.n 2 drive. e.topic bone.and adipocyte.formation. e.ythropoie.in tre.tme.t(1 200 IU·kg–1) for 10 days similarly e.hibit incre.se. he.atocrit,re.uce. bone.and bone.marrow adipocyte. without incre.se. oste.clasts, and re.uce. bone.morphoge.ic prote.n signaling in the.bone.marrow. Inte.e.tingly, e.doge.ous e.ythropoie.in is re.uire. for normal diffe.e.tiation of bone.marrow stromal ce.ls to oste.blasts and bone.marrow adipocyte..Δe.oR_e.mice.with e.ythroid re.tricte. e.ythropoie.in re.e.tor e.hibit re.uce. trabe.ular bone. incre.se. bone.marrow adipocyte., and de.re.se. bone.morphoge.ic prote.n 2 e.topic bone.formation. e.ythropoie.in tre.te. Δe.oR_e.mice.achie.e. he.atocrit similar to wild-type.mice.without re.uce. bone. sugge.ting that bone.re.uction with e.ythropoie.in tre.tme.t is associate. with non-e.ythropoie.ic e.ythropoie.in re.ponse. Bone.marrow stromal ce.ls from wild-type.Tg6, and Δe.oR_e.mice.we.e.transplante. into immunode.icie.t mice.to asse.s de.e.opme.t into a bone.marrow organ. Like.e.doge.ous bone.formation, Tg6 bone.marrow ce.ls e.hibite. re.uce. diffe.e.tiation to bone.and adipocyte. indicating that high e.ythropoie.in inhibits oste.ge.e.is and adipoge.e.is, while.Δe.oR_e.bone.marrow ce.ls forme. e.topic bone. with re.uce. trabe.ular re.ions and incre.se. adipocyte., indicating that loss of e.ythropoie.in signaling favors adipoge.e.is at the.e.pe.se.of oste.ge.e.is. In summary, e.doge.ous e.ythropoie.in signaling re.ulate. bone.marrow stromal ce.l fate.and abe.rant e.ythropoie.in le.e.s re.ult in the.r impaire. diffe.e.tiation.

关键词： bone marrow adipocyte normal diffe.e.tiation

Ge.otype.e.The.ne.le.te. ge.otype.of he.atitis B virus

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World Journal of He.atology 2021年第12期13卷 1875-1891页

作者： Luice. Anne.Olubayo Ingasia constance Wose.Kinge.Anna Kramvis He.atitis Virus Dive.sity Re.e.rch Unit Department of Internal MedicineSchool of Clinical MedicineFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburg 2193GautengSouth Africa De.artme.t of Imple.e.tation Scie.ce Right to CareJohannesburg 0046GautengSouth Africa

He.atitis B virus(HBV)(sub)ge.otype. A1,D3 and e.circulate.in sub-Saharan Africa,the.re.ion with one.of the.highe.t incide.ce. of HBV-associate. he.atoce.lular carcinoma *** ge.otype.e.was ide.tifie. more.than 20 ye.rs ago,and is the.most wide.pre.d ge.otype.in Africa,it has not be.n e.te.sive.y *** curre.t knowle.ge.status and gaps in its origin and e.olution,natural history of infe.tion,dise.se.progre.sion,re.ponse.to antiviral the.apy and vaccination are.*** e.is an African ge.otype.with unique.mole.ular characte.istics that is found mainly in We.te.n and Ce.tral Africa and rare.y outside.Africa e.ce.t in individuals of African *** low pre.ale.ce.of this ge.otype.in the.African de.ce.dant populations in the.Ne. World,phyloge.graphic analyse.,the.low ge.e.ic dive.sity and e.ide.ce.of re.nants of ge.otype.e.in ancie.t HBV sample. sugge.ts the.re.ative.y re.e.t re.ntroduction into the.*** is scarcity of information on the.clinical and virological characte.istics of ge.otype.e.infe.te. patie.ts,dise.se.progre.sion and outcome. and e.ficacy of anti-HBV *** infe.te. with ge.otype.e.have.be.n characte.ise. with high he.atitis B e.antige.-positivity and high viral load with a lowe. e.d of tre.tme.t re.ponse.to inte.fe.on-alpha.A minority of ge.otype.e.infe.te. participants have.be.n include. in studie. in which tre.tme.t re.ponse.was *** conce.n is that curre.t guide.ine. do not conside. patie.ts infe.te. with ge.otype.***,the.e.is an urge.t ne.d for furthe. large.scale.inve.tigations into ge.otype.e.the.ne.le.te. ge.otype.of HBV.

关键词： He.atitis B virus Ge.otype.e e.olution Clinical significance Antiviral the.apy Vaccination

Me.hanisms of prostate.carcinoge.e.is and its pre.e.tion by a γ-tocophe.olrich mixture.of tocophe.ols in TRAMP mice

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Journal of Chine.e.Pharmace.tical Scie.ce. 2016年第3期25卷 170-177页

作者： Ying Huang Zhe.gyuan Su Tie.yuan Wu constance Lay-Lay Saw Ah-Ng Tony Kong De.artme.t of Pharmace.tics Earnest Mario School of Pharmacy Rutgers The State University of New Jersey

Tocophe.ols be.ong to a subgroup of the.vitamin e.family. Die.ary fe.ding of a γ-tocophe.ol-rich mixture.of tocophe.ols(γ-Tm T) inhibits prostate.tumorige.e.is in TRAMP mice. In this study, we.aime. to inve.tigate.me.hanisms of prostate.carcinoge.e.is in TRAMP mice.by ide.tifying diffe.e.tially e.pre.se. pathways and e.fe.ts of γ-Tm T on the.e.pathways. e.ght-we.k-old TRAMP and age.matche. C57BL/6 mice.we.e.administe.e. e.the. 600 mg/kg of γ-Tm T or a control ve.icle.via oral gavage. Twe.ve.hours afte. dosing, prostate.tissue. we.e.colle.te. for RNA e.traction. Whole.ge.ome.mouse.microarrays we.e.use. to e.amine.ge.e.e.pre.sion profile.. The.e.pre.sion of the.se.e.te. ge.e. we.e.validate. using quantitative.PCR. Thousands of ge.e. and various pathways we.e.alte.e. in the.prostate. of TRAMP mice. Compare. to C57BL/6 mice. TRAMP mice.e.hibite. e.hance. prolife.ation, suppre.se. e.pre.sion of antioxidant and phase.II de.oxification e.zyme., and me.abolic re.rogramming in the.prostate. γ-Tm T diffe.e.tially re.ulate. the.ge.e.e.pre.sion profile. of TRAMP and C57BL/6 mice. with only a small pe.ce.tage.of ge.e. ove.lapping. γ-Tm T inhibite. ge.e. involve. in prolife.ation and glucose.me.abolism and induce. se.e.al antioxidant/phase.II de.oxification ge.e. in TRAMP mice. γ-Tm T modulate. multiple.abe.rant pathways in the.prostate.of TRAMP mice. which might re.re.e.t important me.hanisms for prostate.cance. pre.e.tion.

关键词： Tocophe.ol Vitamin e Prostate.cance. Prolife.ation Antioxidant Glucose.me.abolism

Comparison of e.fe.ts of Me.hanical Stre.ching on Oste.ge.ic Pote.tial of ASCs and BMSCs

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Bone.Re.e.rch 2013年第3期1卷 282-290页

作者： Brian e. Grottkau Xingme. Yang Liang Zhang Ling Ye.Yunfe.g Lin De.artme.t of Orthopae.ic Surge.y MassGeneral Hospital for Children and the Pediatric Orthopaedic Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBoston Massachusetts USA State.Ke. Laboratory of Oral Dise.se. West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University

Me.hanical force. play critical role. in the.de.e.opme.t and re.ode.ing proce.se. of bone. As an alte.native.ce.l source.for bone.e.gine.ring, adipose.de.ive. ste. ce.ls （ASCs） should be.fully inve.tigate. for the.r re.ponse. to me.hanical stre.s. Similarly, the.oste.ge.ic pote.tial, stimulate. by me.hanical stre.s, should be.compare. with bone.marrow stromal ce.ls （BMSCs）, which have.be.n clinically use. for bone.tissue.e.gine.ring. In this study, ASCs and BMSCs we.e.oste.ge.ic-induce. for 48 hours, and the. subje.te. to uniaxial me.hanical stre.ching for 2 or 6 hours. Ce.l orie.tation, oste.ge.ic re.ulatory ge.e., oste.ge.ic ge.e. and ALP activitie. we.e.me.sure. and compare. be.we.n ASCs and BMSCs. ASCs could align in a pe.pe.dicular way to the.dire.tion of stre.ching stre.s, while.BMSCs did not pre.e.t a spe.ific alignme.t. Both 2 and 6 hours me.hanical stre.ching could e.hance.the.mRNA e.pre.sion of Osx and Runx2 in BMSCs and ASCs, while.OCN mRNA only incre.se. in ASCs afte. 6 hours me.hanical loading. Me.hanical stre.ching e.hance. the.BMP-2 mRNA e.pre.sion in ASCs, while.only afte. 6 hours of me.hanical loading significantly incre.se. the.BMP-2 ge.e.e.pre.sion in BMSCs. Significant diffe.e.ce. only e.ist be.we.n ASCs and BMSCs loade. at 2 hours of me.hanical stre.ching. It is conclude. that ASCs are.more.rapid re.ponde.s to me.hanical stre.s, and have.gre.te. pote.tial than BMSCs in oste.ge.e.is whe. stimulate. by me.hanical stre.ching, indicating the.r use.ulne.s for bone.study in a rat mode..

关键词： me.hanotransduction ste. ce.ls oste.blasts adipocyte.

Dominance.ne.work structure.across re.roductive.conte.ts in the.coope.ative.y bre.ding cichlid fish Ne.lamprologus pulche.

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Curre.t Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 45-54页

作者： Cody J. De. Q.Y. Joanne.TAN constance M. O'CONNOR Adam R. Re.DON J. Ryan CALDWe.L Sigal BALSHINe De.artme.t of Biology McMaster University Hamilton Ontario ON L8S 4K1 Canada De.artme.t of Psychology Neuroscience and Behaviour McMaster University Hamilton Ontario L8S 4L8 Canada

While.a large.numbe. of studie. have.de.cribe. animal social ne.works, we.have.a poor unde.standing of how the.e.ne.works vary with e.ological and social conditions. For e.ample. re.roductive.pe.iods are.an important life.history stage.that may involve.change. in dominance.re.ationships among individuals, ye. no study to date.has compare. social ne.works of do- minance.inte.actions （i.e. dominance.ne.works） across re.roductive.conte.ts. We.first analyze. a long-te.m datase. on captive.so- cial groups of the.coope.ative.y bre.ding cichlid Ne.lamprologuspulche., and found that e.iction e.e.ts we.e.significantly more.common around re.roduction than e.pe.te. by chance. Ne.t, we.compare. the.structure.of dominance.ne.works during e.rly pa- re.tal care.and non-re.roductive.pe.iods, using one.of the.first applications of e.pone.tial random graph mode.s in be.avioral biology. Contrary to our pre.ictions, we.found that dominance.ne.works showe. fe. change. be.we.n e.rly pare.tal care.and non-re.roductive.pe.iods. We.found no e.ide.ce.that dominance.inte.actions be.ame.more.ske.e. towards large. individuals, be.ame.more.fre.ue.t be.we.n similar-size. individuals, or be.ame.more.biase. towards a particular se. during pare.tal care. Howe.e., we.did find that the.e.we.e.re.ative.y more.dominance.inte.actions be.we.n opposite.se. dyads in the.e.rly pare.tal care.pe.iod, which may be.a by-product of incre.se. se.ual inte.actions during this time. This is the.first study in be.avioral e.ology to compare.social ne.works using e.pone.tial random graph mode.ing, and de.onstrate. a powe.ful analytical frame.ork for future.studie. in the.fie.d [Curre.t Zoology 61 （1）： 45-54, 2015].

关键词： Social ne.work Aggre.sion Submissive Hie.archy Pare.tal care P* mode.