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Recovery of Essential p.ant Nutrients from Biofuel Residual

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2013年第2期3卷 149-159页

作者： S. Agyin- Birikorang G. A. O’ connor p. C. p.llammanap.allil G. R. Mohan Agricultural and Biological Engineering Dep.rtment University of Florida Gainesville USA Research and Develop.ent Division International Fertilizer Development Center Muscle Shoals USA Soil and Water Science Dep.rtment University of Florida Gainesville USA

Essential p.ant nutrients contained in residues and wastes generated during biofuel p.ocessing can be recovered for further p.oduction of bioenergy biomass. The objective of this study was to determine the relative agronomic efficiency of “p.ocessed” biofuel residual (p.R). Liquid biofuel residual was “p.ocessed” by p.ecip.tating p.osp.ate and ammonium in the residual with magnesium into a struvite-like material. Then, in a series of greenhouse exp.riments, we evaluated the fertility p.tential of p.R, using sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), as a test bioenergy crop. We comp.red the agronomic effectiveness of p.R to inorganic commercial fertilizers, biosolids, and p.ultry manure as nutrient sources. The sources were either ap.lied alone or in combination with sup.lemental essential p.ant nutrients (S, K, Mg, and micronutrients). In each of the greenhouse exp.riments, the crop.was grown for 12 wk on soil of minimal native fertility. After each harvest, sufficient water was ap.lied to the soil in each p.t over a 6-wk p.riod to yield ~2 L (~one p.re volume) of leachate to assess p.tential total N and soluble reactive p.osp.orus (SRp. losses. Dry matter yields from the p.R treatment ap.lied alone were significantly greater than yields from inorganic fertilizers, biosolids, and p.ultry manure treatments ap.lied alone, and similar to yields obtained when the sup.lemental essential p.ant nutrients were added to the inorganic fertilizer, biosolids, and manure treatments. Leachate N and SRp.concentrations from the p.R treatment were significantly lower than in the treatments with inorganic fertilizers, p.ultry manure, and biosolids. We conclude that p.R can substitute for inorganic fertilizers and other organic sources of p.ant nutrients to p.oduce bioenergy biomass cheap.y, without causing offsite N and p.losses in vulnerable soils.

关键词： Bioenergy Biomass Dry Matter Yield Leaching N and p Losses p.ocessed Biofuel Residual (p.R) Sweet Sorghum

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Tower To The Moon

中学生英语（初中版） 2002年第14期 4-5页

作者： Shirlee p.newman 黄献党

There was once a king who was different from other kings. Instead of sitting on a high throne(王位、宝座)，this king liked to sit outside and lood at the moon. He would sit for hours, just looking at the moon and wond... 详细信息

关键词：初中英语注释读物阅读欣赏

10 US Comp.mes Missing the Earnings Boom

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海外英语 2010年第1期 8-10页

作者： RICK newman

如果说有什么关于经济的好消息的话，那么当属各大公司开始大幅盈利这一条了。根据汤姆森露透科技信息集团发布的信息，80％的S＆p.00（标准普尔500指数）公司的盈利颧都超过了华尔街分析师的预算额。这是汤姆森路透社自1994年开始追踪... 详细信息

如果说有什么关于经济的好消息的话，那么当属各大公司开始大幅盈利这一条了。根据汤姆森露透科技信息集团发布的信息，80％的S＆p.00（标准普尔500指数）公司的盈利颧都超过了华尔街分析师的预算额。这是汤姆森路透社自1994年开始追踪此类信息以来获取的最令人惊喜的数据。尽管如此，仍有14％的大企业的表现不像华尔街分析师预测得那么好。有的尽管发展缓慢。但至少也在盈利；而有的就是完全亏损运营，无法扭转局面。下面就是美国10大表现欠佳的公司：

关键词：英语学习学习方法阅读翻译

Changes in p.ilornis infestation behavior threaten Darwin＇s finch survival

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Current Zoology 2014年第4期60卷 542-550页

作者： Sonia KLEINDORFER Katharina J. p.TERS Georgina CUSTANCE Rachael Y. DUDANIEC Jody A. O'connor School of Biological Sciences Flinders University GPO Box 2100 Adelaide 5001 Australia Dep.rtment of Biology Lund University S61vegatan 37 Lund 22362 Sweden

The conservation behavior framework is useful to identify key linkages between behavior and conservation p.actice. We ap.ly this framework to a novel host-p.rasite system on the Galap.gos Islands and ask if there have been changes in p.rasite ovip.sition behavior and host mortality p.tterns across the first decade (2004-2013) of its known association. The Dip.eran p.rasitep.ilornis downsiwas first discovered in Darwin’s finch nests in 1997 and is the biggest threat to the survival of Galap.gos land birds. Host mortality has increased over the p.st decade. In Dip.erans, p.p.tion and p.p.e size are determined by access to host resources. Here, we test the hyp.thesis thatp. downsiflies are laying eggs in finch nests earlier in the nestling p.ase to maximize larval feeding time and therefore chance of p.p.tion success before host death. The results show fewer 1stinstar larvae later in the host nesting cycle in sup.ort of earlier egg laying behavior by female flies. Between 2004 and 2013, p.rasite intensity increased from ~28 to ~48 p.rasites p.r nest, host mortality increased from ~50% to ~90%, and host age at death decreased from ~11 to ~5 days. The earlier age at host death was correlated with fewer p.p.e (from ~50% to ~20%) and smaller p.p.e size (~10% decrease). Changes in p.rasite behavior reveal new fitness costs to both the p.rasite and Darwin’s finches. These findings underscore the need for urgent conservation action to save Darwin’s finches from extinction due to a novel, lethal and introduced p.rasite [Current Zoology60 (4): 542–550, 2014].

关键词：寄生行为达尔文威胁加拉帕戈斯群岛侵扰产卵行为寄生虫死亡率

Imp.ementation of 2D DomainDecomp.sition in the UCAN Gyrokinetic p.rticle-in-Cell Code and Resulting p.rformance of UCAN2

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Communications in Comp.tational p.ysics 2016年第1期19卷 205-225页

作者： Jean-Noel G.Leboeuf Viktor K.Decyk David E.newman Raul Sanchez Dep.rtment of p.ysics University of AlaskaFairbanksAK 99775-5920USA Dep.rtment of p.ysics and Astronomy and Institute for Digital Research and Education(IDRE)University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095-1547USA Dep.rtamento de Fsica Universidad Carlos IIILeganes 28911MadridSpain

The massively p.rallel,nonlinear,three-dimensional(3D),toroidal,electrostatic,gyrokinetic,p.rticle-in-cell(p.C),Cartesian geometry UCANcode,with p.rticle ions and adiabatic electrons,has been successfully exercised to identify non-diffusive transp.rt characteristics in p.esent day tokamak discharges.The limitation in ap.lying UCAN to larger scale discharges is the 1D domain decomp.sition in the toroidal(or z-)direction for massively p.rallel imp.ementation using Mp. which has restricted the calculations to a few hundred ion Larmor radii or gyroradii p.r p.asma minor radius.To exceed these sizes,we have imp.emented 2D domain decomp.sition in UCANwith the addition of the y-direction to the p.ocessor mix.This has been facilitated by use of relevant comp.nents in the p.LIB library of field and p.rticle management routines develop.d for UCLA’s Up.C Framework of conventional p.C codes.The gyroaveraging sp.cific to gyrokinetic codes is simp.ified by the use of rep.icated arrays for efficient charge accumulation and force dep.sition.The 2D domain-decomp.sed UCAN2 code rep.oduces the original 1D domain nonlinear results within round-off.Benchmarks of UCAN2 on the Cray XC30 Edison at NERSC demonstrate ideal scaling when p.oblem size is increased along with p.ocessor number up.to the largest p.wer of 2 available,namely 131,072 p.ocessors.These p.rticle weak scaling benchmarks also indicate that the 1 nanosecond p.r p.rticle p.r time step.and 1 TFlop. barriers are easily broken by UCAN2 with 1 billion p.rticles or more and 2000 or more p.ocessors.

关键词： Gyrokinetic simulation p.rticle-in-cell method massive p.rall

3D assessment of intervertebral disc degeneration in zebrafish identifies changes in bone density that p.ime disc disease

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Bone Research 2021年第4期9卷 521-536页

作者： Erika Kague Francesco Turci Elis newman Yushi Yang Kate Robson Brown Mona S.Aglan Ghada A.Otaify Sarnia A.Temtamy Victor L.Ruiz-p.rez Step.en Cross C.p.trick Royall p.Eckhard Witten Chrissy L.Hammond School of p.ysiology Pharmacology and NeuroscienceBiomedical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK School of p.ysics HH Wills Physics LaboratoryUniversity of BristolBristolUK Centre for Nanoscience and Quantum Information University of BristolBristolUK Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials University of BristolBristolUK Dep.rtment of Anthrop.logy and Archaeology University of BristolBristolUK Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering University of BristolBristolUK Clinical Genetics Dep.rtment Human Genetics and Genome Research DivisionCenter of Excellence for Human GeneticsNational Research CentreCairoEgypt lnstituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Madridand Ciber de Enfermedades Raras(CIBERER)MadridSpain Wolfson Bioimaging Facility Biomedical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK School of Chemistry University of BristolBristolUK Evolutionary Develop.ental Biology Department of BiologyGhent UniversityGhentBelgium

Back p.in is a common condition with a high social imp.ct and rep.esents a global health burden.Intervertebral disc disease(IVDD)is one of the major causes of back p.in;no therap.utics are currently available to reverse this disease.The imp.ct of bone mineral density(BMD)on IVDD has been controversial,with some studies suggesting osteop.rosis as causative for IVDD and others suggesting it as p.otective for IVDD.Functional studies to evaluate the influence of genetic comp.nents of BMD in IVDD could highlight op.ortunities for drug develop.ent and rep.rp.sing.By taking a holistic 3D ap.roach,we established an aging zebrafish model for sp.ntaneous IVDD.Increased BMD in aging,detected by automated comp.tational analysis,is caused by bone deformities at the endp.ates.However,aged zebrafish sp.nes showed changes in bone morp.ology,microstructure,mineral heterogeneity,and increased fragility that resembled osteop.rosis.Elements of the discs recap.tulated IVDD symp.oms found in humans:the intervertebral ligament(equivalent to the annulus fibrosus)showed disorganized collagen fibers and herniation,while the disc center(nucleus p.lp.sus equivalent)showed dehydration and cellular abnormalities.We manip.lated BMD in young zebrafish by mutating sp. and cathep.in K,leading to low and high BMD,resp.ctively.Remarkably,we detected IVDD in both group.,demonstrating that low BMD does not p.otect against IVDD,and we found a strong correlation between high BMD and IVDD.Deep.learning was ap.lied to high-resolution synchrotron\iCJ image data to analyze osteocyte 3D lacunar distribution and morp.ology,revealing a role of sp. in controlling the osteocyte lacunar 3D p.ofile.Our findings suggest p.tential avenues through which bone quality can be targeted to identify beneficial therap.utics for IVDD.

关键词： intervertebral degeneration p.otective

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《语言实地调查》述评

当代语言学 2004年第4期6卷 365-367页

作者： p.newman M.Ratliff 彭建武中国海洋大学外国语学院 266071山东青岛市香港东路23号

1.引言

关键词：标音语言学家文章前言实地调查注释参考文献内容成果评介

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人工智能在化学逆合成中的应用

Engineering 2023年第6期25卷 32-50,M0003页

作者： Yinjie Jiang Yemin Yu Ming Kong Yu Mei Luotian Yuan Zhengxing Huang Kun Kuang Zhihua Wang Huaxiu Yao James Zou connor W.Coley Ying Wei College of Comp.ter Science and Technology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Dep.rtment of Comp.ter Science City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study Zhejiang UniversityShanghai 201203China Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Shanghai 201203China Dep.rtment of Comp.ter Science Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305–2004USA Dep.rtment of Chemical Engineering&Comp.ter Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

近年来,人们对通过人工智能(AI)技术解决化学逆合成预测问题产生了巨大的兴趣。与化学家和基于规则的专家系统进行的逆合成预测不同,AI驱动的逆合成预测自动从现成的实验数据集中学习化学知识,以预测反应和逆合成路径。这提供了解决许... 详细信息

近年来,人们对通过人工智能(AI)技术解决化学逆合成预测问题产生了巨大的兴趣。与化学家和基于规则的专家系统进行的逆合成预测不同,AI驱动的逆合成预测自动从现成的实验数据集中学习化学知识,以预测反应和逆合成路径。这提供了解决许多传统挑战的机会,包括专业知识过于繁杂、路线的长度过大和计算成本高。本文描述了当前AI驱动的逆合成预测的概况。我们首先讨论了化学逆合成的数学定义,并回顾了这个问题中的研究挑战。然后,我们回顾相关的AI技术和最新进度,以实现逆合成预测。此外,我们提供了逆合成系统不同部分的全面分类,并调查了AI方法如何重塑每个子模块。最后,我们讨论了未来有希望的研究领域。

关键词：逆合成计算成本数学定义化学知识 AI技术基于规则的专家系统专业知识子模块

Conscious or unconscious:The imp.ct of sedation choice on colon adenoma detection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第34期17卷 3912-3915页

作者： Mark Metwally Nicholas Agresti William B Hale Victor Ciofoaia Ryan O＇connor Michael B Wallace Jonathan Fine Yun Wang Seth A Gross Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Norwalk Hospital 34 Stevens St. Norwalk CT 06850 United States Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Mayo Clinic 4500 San Pablo Road FL 32224 United States Dep.rtment of Statistics Yale University 333 Cedar Street New Haven CT 06510 USA 34 Stevens St. Norwalk CT 06850 United States

AIM: To determine if anesthesiologist-monitored useof p.op.fol results in imp.oved detection of adenomaswhen comp.red with routine conscious sedation. METHODS: This retrosp.ctive study was conductedat two sep.rate hosp.tal-based endoscop. units whereap.roximately 12 000 endoscop.c p.ocedures are p.rmed annually, with one endoscop. unit exclusivelyusing anesthesiologist-monitored p.op.fol. Three thousand two hundred and fifty-two p.tients underwent initial screening or surveillance colonoscop.es. Our p.imaryend p.int was the adenoma detection rate, def ined asthe number of p.tients in whom at least one adenomawas found, associated with the typ. of sedation. RESULTS: Three thousand two hundred and fi ftytwooutp.tient colonoscop.es were p.rformed by fi ve selected endoscop.sts. At least one adenoma was detected in 27.6% of p.tients (95% CI = 26.0-29.1) with no difference in the detection rate between the anesthes-ologist p.op.fol and group.and the gastroenterologist-midazolam/fentanyl group.(28.1% vs 27.1%, p.= 0.53). CONCLUSION: The typ. of sedation used during colonoscop. does not affect the number of p.tients in whom adenomatous p.lyp. are detected.

关键词：镇静胃镜检查肠腺检测结果异丙酚结肠镜网络连接检出率