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矿井水反渗透系统阻垢剂成分与阻垢机制

工程科学学报 2024年第6期46卷 1004-1011页

作者：李曈徐梦兰赵悦任舒阳王霄郭开祥李从举国家能源集团煤炭开采水资源保护与利用国家重点实验室北京102209 北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院北京100083

矿井水反渗透浓水中阻垢剂可以抑制Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)结晶沉淀导致双碱法投药量高、除硬效果差,影响后续蒸发结晶分盐效果.探究反渗透系统中阻垢剂成分及阻垢机制是实现Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)脱稳、解决深度除硬与零排放问题的关键.本文首先... 详细信息

矿井水反渗透浓水中阻垢剂可以抑制Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)结晶沉淀导致双碱法投药量高、除硬效果差,影响后续蒸发结晶分盐效果.探究反渗透系统中阻垢剂成分及阻垢机制是实现Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)脱稳、解决深度除硬与零排放问题的关键.本文首先测定反渗透浓水水质条件,通过超滤分级、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和三维荧光光谱(EEM)分析得出溶解性有机物主要为分子量<3 kDa且含有羧基、醇/酚羟基与不饱和烃结构的微生物代谢产物和类腐殖酸物质;根据13C和31P核磁共振(NMR)谱化学位移特征(甲基碳、季碳和C—PO_(3)H_(2)结构),确定阻垢剂主要成分为羟基乙叉二膦酸(HEDP);吸附去除88.55%总磷和38.86%COD后,双碱滴定结果表明,Ca^(2+)沉淀完全所需CO^(2)_(-3)的投加量从2845.8减少至826.8 mg·L^(-1),表明HEDP主要阻止Ca^(2+)结晶成垢;重新利用HEDP复配,CO^(2)_(-3)投加量仅增加至1626.3 mg·L^(-1),说明吸附去除的部分有机物具有一定分散作用,可以抑制溶液中Ca^(2+)结晶团聚.HEDP与溶解性有机物的协同阻垢机制,为矿井水反渗透浓水中Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)深度去除提供重要理论依据和调控策略.

关键词：反渗透浓水阻垢剂羟基乙叉二膦酸核磁共振阻垢机制

5A模式早期康复护理对心梗患者6MWT改善效果的分析

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云南医药 2024年第1期45卷 104-107页

作者：李聪菊杨英曲靖市第一人民医院心血管内科云南曲靖655000

目的探讨在改善急性心肌梗死患者6min步行距离测试结果中,5A模式早期康复护理起到的效果。方法纳入2021年11月-2023年2月于本院就急性心肌梗死接受医疗干预的患者共60例作为本次研究的全部样本;结合患者意愿、入院时间;将60例患者平均... 详细信息

目的探讨在改善急性心肌梗死患者6min步行距离测试结果中,5A模式早期康复护理起到的效果。方法纳入2021年11月-2023年2月于本院就急性心肌梗死接受医疗干预的患者共60例作为本次研究的全部样本;结合患者意愿、入院时间;将60例患者平均分为观察组和对照组,其中对照组患者该阶段接受常规干预,而观察组则接受5A模式早期康复护理;统计对比2组患者对医疗干预未依从率、该阶段风险发生率;及2组患者的LVEF指标、6min步行距离、Brathel评分。结果观察组患者对于医疗干预的依从率、阶段风险发生率较之于对照组患者而言,更加理想,P<0.05;观察组患者Brathel评分、步行距离测试结果较之于对照组均存在优势,其LVEF指标评分较之于对照组明显更高,P<0.05。结论5A模式早期康复护理可改善患者对医疗干预的依从率,降低康复训练风险、提高以6MWT定量的心肺功能,值得推广应用。

关键词： 6min步行测试心肺功能急性心肌梗死 5A模式

基于金属有机框架材料的VOCs传感器应用进展

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当代化工研究 2024年第1期 6-8页

作者：刘燕张雪婷张明焱刘亚科李从举张秀玲北京化工大学化学工程学院北京100029 北京化工大学有机无机复合材料国家重点实验室北京100029 北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院北京100083

采用传感器对挥发性有机化合物(Volatile Organic Compounds,VOCs)进行实时监测对人体健康和环境保护具有重要意义。金属有机框架材料(MOFs)可调的孔径和开放的金属位点有利于气体的选择性吸附,被证明是提升气体传感性能的理想材料。本... 详细信息

采用传感器对挥发性有机化合物(Volatile Organic Compounds,VOCs)进行实时监测对人体健康和环境保护具有重要意义。金属有机框架材料(MOFs)可调的孔径和开放的金属位点有利于气体的选择性吸附,被证明是提升气体传感性能的理想材料。本文综述了基于MOF材料的VOCs传感器的主要进展,分析了MOF材料在化学电阻和化学电容传感器中发挥的作用及作用机理,并对该领域面临的主要挑战和前景进行了展望。

关键词：金属有机框架材料挥发性有机化合物气体传感

Functional Electrospun Nanocomposites for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2021年第3期37卷 379-393页

作者： ZHANG Xiuling GUO Shiquan QIN Yue li congju School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P.R.China Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants Beijing100083P.R.China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Engineering Research Center in Universities of Beijing Beijing100083P.R.China

Electrospinning with a simple and controllable process has extremely received considerable concerns by virtue of the fabrication and development of ***,nanofibers are playing an increasing impact on energy conversion and storage devices,especially for fuel cells based on oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),in view of the rich porosity,large surface area,excellent mass transportation and simply tunable composition,as well as good mechanical *** this review,we mainly introduce the primary principle of electrospinning technique,electrochemical reaction mechanism of ORR and synthetic strategies,and summarize the recent advances of unique non-noble-metal nanofibers on the basis of metal-organic framework(MOF)derivatives,single-atom catalysts(SACs)and transition metal *** importantly,we emphasize on the influences of the components,morphology and architecture of advanced electrospun catalysts on their corresponding electrochemical performances towards ***,the remaining puzzles and perspectives for further development of the electrospinning nanofibers involving electrocatalysis are *** is envisioned that this review would offer an important direction in designing novel electrocatalysts based on electrospinning nanofibrous structures and developing their potential.

关键词： Electrospinning Electrocatalyst Nanofibrous structure Oxygen reduction reaction

SnO_2 hollow spheres:Polymer bead-templated hydrothermal synthesis and their electrochemical properties for lithium storage

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第7期55卷 1314-1318页

作者： YIN YaXia XIN Sen WAN liJun li congju GUO YuGuo College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100190China College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Fashion TechnologyBeijing 100029China

SnO2 hollow spheres have been synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method using sulfonated polystyrene beads as a template followed by a calcination process in air.X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,and transmission electron microscopy show that the as-obtained SnO2 hollow spheres have a wall thickness of about 50 nm,and consist of nanosized SnO2 particles with a mean diameter of about 15 *** measurements indicate that the SnO2 hollow spheres exhibit improved electrochemical performance in terms of specific capacity and rate capability in comparison with commercial SnO2 when used as anode materials for lithium-ion *** enhanced performance may be attributed to the spherical and hollow structure,as well as the building blocks of SnO2 nanoparticles.

关键词： SnO2 电化学性能锂离子电池水热合成空心球模板聚合物扫描电子显微镜

Ultra-robust triboelectric nanogenerator for harvesting rotary mechanical energy

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Nano Research 2018年第5期11卷 2862-2871页

作者： Xinyu Du Nianwu li Yuebo liu Jiaona Wang Zuqing Yuan Yingying Yin Ran Cao Shuyu Zhao Bin Wang Zhong lin Wang congju li Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences National Center for Nanosdence and Technology (NCNST) Beijing 100083 China School of Materials Science & Engineering Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology Beijing 100029 China School of Material Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332-0245 USA University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Triboelectric nanogenerators （TENGs） for harvesting rotary mechanical energy are mostly based on in-plane sliding or free-standing mode. However, the relative displacement between two contacting triboelectric layers causes abrasion, which lowers the output power and reduces service life. Therefore, it is important to develop a method to minimize abrasion when harvesting rotary mechanical energy. Here, we report a scale-like structured TENG （SL-TENG）, in which two triboelectric layers work under a contact-separation mode to avoid in-plane relative sliding in order to minimize abrasion. As a result, the SL-TENG exhibits outstanding robustness. For example, the output voltage of the SL-TENG does not exhibit any measurable decay although this output has been continuously generated through more than a million cycles. Moreover, at a very low rotation rate of 120 rpm, the SL-TENG can generate a maximum short-drcuit current of 78 μA, delivering an instantaneous power density of 2.54 W/m^2 to an external load. In relation to this, a li-ion battery was charged using the SL-TENG. After a 30-rain charging time, the battery achieved a discharge capacity of 0.1 mAh. Through a power management circuit integrated into the SL-TENG, a continuous direct current （DC） of 5 V is outputted, providing sufficient DC power for driving a radio-frequency wireless sensor and other conventional electronics.

关键词： nanogenerator ultra-robust energy harvesting rotary motions scale-like structure

微生物燃料电池纳米纤维基阳极材料的研究进展

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精细化工 2022年第8期39卷 1546-1557页

作者：张敏刘远峰李从举无北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院北京100083 北京科技大学北京市工业典型污染物资源化处理重点实验室北京100083 北京市高校节能与环保工程研究中心北京100083

微生物燃料电池(MFC)是一种非常有前途的环境友好型电化学装置,可以利用电活性微生物从废水中提取能源,并降解废水中的有机物,是目前解决环境与能源危机的重要技术。然而,相对较低的产电效率限制了其大规模应用,主要体现在阳极缓慢的胞... 详细信息

微生物燃料电池(MFC)是一种非常有前途的环境友好型电化学装置,可以利用电活性微生物从废水中提取能源,并降解废水中的有机物,是目前解决环境与能源危机的重要技术。然而,相对较低的产电效率限制了其大规模应用,主要体现在阳极缓慢的胞外电子传递速率和较少的产电微生物附着量。纳米纤维具有高的比表面积、良好的电化学性能和电导率,是改善阳极的重要材料。该文介绍了影响阳极材料性能的因素,系统总结了近年来国内外纳米纤维基阳极材料的种类与制备方法,针对纳米纤维基阳极材料在MFC领域的研究现状,重点阐述了各种纳米纤维材料的优缺点。最后,对纳米纤维基电极材料以及MFC技术的发展方向进行了展望。

关键词：燃料电池纳米材料电化学阳极产电菌

Self-powered nanofiber-based screen-print triboelectric sensors for respiratory monitoring

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Nano Research 2018年第7期11卷 3771-3779页

作者： Ran Cao diaona Wang Shuyu Zhao Wei Yang Zuqing Yuan Yingying Yin Xinyu Du Nian-Wu li Xiuling Zhang Xiuyan li Zhong lin Wang congju li Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nonosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) Beijing 100083 China School of Materials Science & Engineering Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology Beijing 100029 China School of Material Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332-0245 USA

Scientific and commercial advances have set high requirements for wearable electronics. However, the power supply, breathability, and mass production of wearable electronics still have many challenges that need to be overcome. In this study, a self-powered nanofiber-based triboelectric sensor （SNTS） was fabricated by batch-scale fabrication technologies using electrospinning and screen-printing for health monitoring via respiratory monitoring. Typically, an arch structural SNTS is assembled by a nanofiber membrane and a Ag nanoparticle electrode. The pile of nanofibers and the conductive network of Ag nanoparticles ensure a gas channel across the whole device. The gas permeability of the SNTS was as high as 6.16 mm/s, which has overwhelming advantages when compared with commonly used wearable devices composed of air-tight cast films. Due to the softness of the nanofiber membrane, the SNTS showed excellent electronic output performance irrespective of whether it was bent, twisted, or folded. The superior properties, such as breathability, skin-friendliness, self-power, and batch fabrication of SNTS offer huge potential for their application in healthcare monitoring and multifunctional intelligent systems.

关键词： self-powered nanofiber membrane air-permissive triboelectric sensor screen-print health monitoring

柔性可水洗的Zr-MOFs复合纳米纤维薄膜的制备和性能表征

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化学学报 2022年第1期80卷 49-55页

作者：郝肖柯翟振宇孙亚昕李从举北京市高校节能与环保工程研究中心北京100083 北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院北京100083

柔性高吸附性材料在废水废气处理、防护服制造、有毒有害物质监测等诸多领域中发挥着关键的作用.本工作采用水相合成的方法,以三氟乙酸(trifluoroacetic acid,TFA)为结构导向剂,以水为溶剂,在静电纺纳米纤维上原位生长了金属有机框架材... 详细信息

柔性高吸附性材料在废水废气处理、防护服制造、有毒有害物质监测等诸多领域中发挥着关键的作用.本工作采用水相合成的方法,以三氟乙酸(trifluoroacetic acid,TFA)为结构导向剂,以水为溶剂,在静电纺纳米纤维上原位生长了金属有机框架材料NO_(2)-UiO-66,制备了NO_(2)-UiO-66@PAN(聚丙烯腈)柔性纳米纤维膜材料.并研究了不同配比的三氟乙酸/去离子水、不同的金属盐与有机配体比例以及水热生长时间对NO_(2)-UiO-66形貌和负载效果的影响.最佳TFA添加含量为φTFA=30%,金属盐与配体物质的量比为1∶1.5,水热生长时间为4 h.采用扫描电子显微镜(scanning elec-tron microscope,SEM)、X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,FT-IR)、热重(thermogravimetry,TG)分析及氮气吸附-脱附测试对NO_(2)-UiO-66@PAN纳米纤维膜结构进行了表征.结果表明,NO_(2)-UiO-66均匀地负载在了纳米纤维上,负载量可达33.28%,比表面积为504.16 m^(2)/g、孔体积为0.241 cm^(3)/g.并且在经过高温(320℃)、弯折和水、酸、碱洗涤后仍能保持结构的稳定性.通过以上表征分析,发现将NO_(2)-UiO-66负载在纳米纤维上能够得到物理和化学稳定性质优异的膜材料,在有毒有害等恶劣条件下有很大的应用潜力.

关键词：静电纺丝纳米纤维金属有机框架 NO_(2)-UiO-66 水相合成