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Contribution of fungal biomass to persistent soil carbon across natural ecosystems

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 444-456页

作者： Xiang WANG Guang-Hui YU Yakov KUZYAKOV Bo-Hao yin Andreas KAPPLER cong-Qiang LIU Bohai Coastal Critical Zone National Observation and Research Station Institute of Surface-Earth System ScienceSchool of Earth System ScienceTianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai RimTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil ScienceUniversity of GöttingenGöttingen 37077Germany Agro-Technological Institute Peoples Friendship University of Russia(RUDN University)Moscow 117198Russia Geomicrobiology Center for Applied GeosciencesUniversity of TübingenTübingen 72076Germany Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight InfectionUniversity of TübingenTübingen 72076Germany

Fungi are known to be crucial in the formation and stabilization of soil organic matter through their exudates and dead residues(necromass).Yet,it remains unclear how fungi contribute to the persistence of carbon in soils over millennial scales across ***,this study fills the knowledge gap by linking fungal carbon stocks with minerals-associated carbon stocks across major biomes.A strong correlation between fungal biomass and reactive mineral-associated carbon stocks in soils across six biomes supports the substantial role of fungi in soil carbon persistence at the global *** spatial resolution nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed that fungi may stabilize carbon by forming organo-mineral associations through their close physical connection to reactive minerals and weathered *** propose a conceptual model that emphasizes the dualistic role of hypha-mineral interactions:(i)fungi accelerate organic matter decomposition by producing reactive oxygen species on the hypha-mineral interfaces,and(ii)fungi stabilize their residues on mineral surfaces,leading to millennial scale persistence of soil ***,fungi play a fundamental role in ecosystems that extends beyond the decomposition of persistent *** are crucial in stabilizing carbon on mineral surfaces,thereby facilitating the long-term removal of carbon from rapid biotic cycling.

关键词： Biogeography Fungi Mineral-associated organic matter(MAOM) Reactive minerals Soil carbon stability NanoSIMS

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Pattern-based rapid and robust profiling of gut microbiota and its metabolism with a single fluorescent probe

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 781-788页

作者： Hongli Tan Meizi Zeng cong Fang Xiaohua Zhu Feng Liu ying Long Ruijie Deng Peng yin Meiling Liu Haitao Li Youyu Zhang Shouzhuo Yao Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research(Ministry of Education) College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of Interdisciplinary StudiesHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China College of Biomass Science and Engineering Healthy Food Evaluation Research CenterSichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China

The gut microbiota and the associated metabolism play a pivotal role in maintaining human health,yet their assessment is challenging due to their inherent diversity,variety,and ***,we developed a multichannel sensor array based on a single fluorescent probe,allowing for rapid and robust profiling gut microbiota and their key metabolites including cysteine(Cys),glutathione(GSH),and homocysteine(Hcy).The assay leverages the single fluorescent probe that is with multiple binding sites and the cross-reactive sensing principle to specifically recognize different biological *** analyzing the pattern of biological thiols,the assay is capable of rapidly identifying six gut-derived bacteria including probiotics,neutral,and pathogenic strains based on fluorescent fingerprints within 5 min,and also discriminating bacteria and their mixtures with different *** the assay that enables the simultaneous measurement of multiple gut-derived bacteria and their metabolites,the designed array achieved an accuracy of 0.99 when discriminating colorectal cancer(CRC)patient feces samples from healthy ***,the as-prepared sensor array can also be used to identify various stages of *** simplicity,rapidness,and cost-effectiveness of our approach render it a robust platform for the analysis of gut microbiota.

关键词： gut microbiota biological thiols sensor array fluorescent probe

High-temperature oxidation behavior and degradation mechanism of chromium-coated zirconium alloy cladding: a review

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 50-70页

作者： Yi Li Bei-Qi Wang Xin-yin Zhang Shi-Jie Wang cong-Yi Li Hui-Long Yang Ran-Ran Su Tong Liu School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University College and Graduate School of Arts and Sciences University of Virginia Global Institute of Future Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Accident-tolerant fuels(ATF) have been extensively studied to reduce the production rate and total amount of heat and hydrogen generated from high-temperature steam oxidation during severe ***-coated zirconium alloy cladding has become one of the most promising candidates for ATF because of its excellent corrosion and oxidation *** paper provides a comprehensive overview of the research progress on oxidation behaviors and degradation mechanisms in chromium-coated zirconium alloy cladding under high-temperature *** techniques to strengthen the oxidation resistance are highlighted and ***,challenges and opportunities for various future directions are addressed.

关键词： Accident-tolerant fuel Chromium coating Degradation mechanism High-temperature oxidation behavior Zirconium alloy cladding

Comparison of the effect of ranibizumab in retinal vein occlusion and macular edema with different optical coherence tomographic patterns

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第2期18卷 275-282页

作者： Yue Xu Yue-cong yin Ze-Yu Song Xiao-Yu Zhou Jia-Ju Zhang Juan Liang Department of Ophthalmology the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

AIM:To explore the morphological and functional parameters to evaluate the effectiveness of intravitreal injections of ranibizumab(IVR)in treating macular edema(ME)secondary to retinal vein occlusion(RVO).METHODS:This retrospective study involved 65 RVO patients(65 eyes)who received IVR and were followedup for more than *** was categorized into cystoid macular edema(CME),diffuse retinal thickening(DRT),and serous retinal detachment(SRD)according to optical coherence tomography(OCT)*** comparison of best corrected visual acuity(BCVA;logMAR)and central macular thickness(CMT)among different follow-up points and those among 3 groups were performed by Kruskal-Wallis *** correlation between BCVA and baseline parameters during treatment was analyzed using Spearman correlation ***:BCVA tended to improve in all groups,with marked improvement in CME and DRT *** showed the greatest reduction after 1wk,and remained stable over the following *** patients had the worst BCVA and the highest CMT at baseline,but the differences became smaller after IVR *** in SRD group was significantly better than in CME and DRT groups 3mo after *** patients of CME and SRD groups transitioned to a normal pattern at 3mo *** patients were most likely to transform into the other morphological groups,while SRD patients showed minimal *** at baseline was identified as the most important prognostic indicator in all 3 ***,DRT patients with a longer clinical course,higher CMT and central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)tend to exhibit worse BCVA after *** addition,CRVO patients are more likely to have worse BCVA at 2 and 3mo follow-up compared with branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO)patients in CME *** patients with higher baseline CMT were prone to experiencing worse BCVA after ***:The effectiveness of IVR is strongly correlated with baseline BCVA in all 3 *** parameters inc

关键词： retinal vein occlusion optical coherence tomography serous retinal detachment cystoid macular edema diffuse retinal thickening

Breaking Solvation Dominance Effect Enabled by Ion-Dipole Interaction Toward Long-Spanlife Silicon Oxide Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 367-380页

作者： Shengwei Dong Lingfeng Shi Shenglu Geng Yanbin Ning cong Kang Yan Zhang Ziwei Liu Jiaming Zhu Zhuomin Qiang Lin Zhou Geping yin Dalong Li Tiansheng Mu Shuaifeng Lou State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China School of Marine Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology at WeihaiWeihai 264200People’s Republic of China Chongqing Research Institute of HIT Chongqing 401135People’s Republic of China

Micrometer-sized silicon oxide(SiO)anodes encounter challenges in large-scale applications due to significant volume expansion during the alloy/de-alloy ***,an innovative deep eutectic electrolyte derived from succinonitrile is introduced to enhance the cycling stability of SiO *** functional theory calculations validate a robust ion-dipole interaction between lithium ions(Li^(+))and succinonitrile(SN).The cosolvent fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)optimizes the Li^(+)solvation structure in the SN-based electrolyte with its weakly solvating *** dynamics simulations investigate the regulating mechanism of ion-dipole and cation-anion *** unique Li^(+)solvation structure,enriched with FEC and TFSI^(-),facilitates the formation of an inorganic-organic composite solid electrolyte interphase on SiO ***-CT further detects the inhibiting effect on the SiO volume *** a result,the SiO|LiCoO_(2) full cells exhibit excellent electrochemical performance in deep eutectic-based *** work presents an effective strategy for extending the cycle life of SiO anodes by designing a new SN-based deep eutectic electrolyte.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Micrometer-sized silicon oxide Ion-dipole interaction Long-term cycling

Decentralized fault diagnosis of discrete-event systems with unreliable sensors using linear temporal logic

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 322-341页

作者： Weijie DONG Shaoyuan LI Xiang yin Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of EducationDepartment of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University

In this paper,we investigate a decentralized diagnosis problem of a discrete-evnt system(DES) subject to unreliable sensors,where the sensor observations of local diagnosers may be non-deterministic as a result of possible *** studies on decentralized robust diagnosis can only deal with different types of sensor failures separately,e.g.,all sensors suffer from the same type of sensor failures such as intermittent sensor failures or permanent sensor ***,since sensors of different local diagnosers may face different external environments and have different internal characteristics,sensors corresponding to different local diagnosers may also have their own fault *** this paper,we propose a flexible framework of decentralized diagnosis for DES subject to unreliable sensors such that sensors of different local diagnosers are permitted to have different types of sensor *** this end,we extend the existing decentralized diagnosis framework to the case where there exist common sensors broadcasting their observations to all local *** apply linear temporal logic(LTL) to constrain infinite behaviors of private sensors of local diagnosers and common ***,a new notion of φ-codiagnosability is proposed as the necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a decentralized diagnoser that works correctly under sensors,satisfying LTL-based sensor ***,we provide an effective approach to verify the φ-codiagnosability.

关键词： discrete event systems decentralized diagnosis codiagnosability automata

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14种市售麻椒鸡的品质及风味分析

食品工业科技 2025年第1期46卷 302-316页

作者：刘聪刘欣王鹏徐幸莲王寅李建超南京农业大学肉品质量控制与新资源创制全国重点实验室江苏南京210095 江苏立华食品有限公司江苏常州213200

为明确麻椒鸡产品的品质特性及风味特征,本研究以14种不同品牌的市售麻椒鸡(以A~N字母表示)作为研究对象,测定了其色泽、质构、剪切力、电子鼻、挥发性风味物质和电子舌,并结合感官评价进一步探究感官评价指标与仪器分析指标之间的相关... 详细信息

为明确麻椒鸡产品的品质特性及风味特征,本研究以14种不同品牌的市售麻椒鸡(以A~N字母表示)作为研究对象,测定了其色泽、质构、剪切力、电子鼻、挥发性风味物质和电子舌,并结合感官评价进一步探究感官评价指标与仪器分析指标之间的相关性。结果表明:14种麻椒鸡鸡胸的硬度范围为1742.81~4587.54 g,剪切力范围为14.41~35.07 N;鸡腿的硬度范围为797.09~3389.61 g,剪切力范围为7.70~26.34 N。电子鼻评价结果显示,14种麻椒鸡的主要挥发性气味成分为氮氧化合物、无机硫化物、有机硫化物和短链烷烃。气相色谱-离子迁移谱(GCIMS)显示,麻椒鸡风味的形成是鸡肉本身带有的香气和香辛料赋予香气整体协调的结果,14种麻椒鸡中共鉴定出77种挥发性化合物,结合正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)发现,丁醛、芳樟醇、α-蒎烯、丙烯酸乙酯、α-松油醇、2-庚酮、1-辛烯-3-醇等26种物质为麻椒鸡产品的特征风味物质。电子舌评价结果显示,鲜味和咸味对麻椒鸡的滋味贡献较突出。相关性分析结果表明,感官评价中的总体喜爱度与丁醛、芳樟醇、α-蒎烯、丙烯酸乙酯、α-松油醇、2-庚酮、1-辛烯-3-醇、W5S、W1W、W2W、W1S、咸味、L^(*)和b^(*)值等指标呈现极显著正相关(P<0.01)。本研究可以为麻椒鸡产品风味品质的研究与调控、原辅料的选择、麻椒鸡产品工业化水平的提升提供参考。

关键词：麻椒鸡风味特征气相色谱-离子迁移谱品质特性相关性

生态修复工程对排水沟细菌群落结构特征的影响

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中国农村水利水电 2025年第2期 50-59页

作者：王楚尤邱小琮尹娟倪成宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院宁夏银川750021 宁夏大学生命科学学院宁夏银川750021

细菌是水生态环境的重要组成部分,细菌群落结构会随着环境因子的变化而产生变化,同时也对水环境有着反作用。为探究生态修复工程对排水沟水体和沉积物微生物群落结构的影响,于2021年8月(工程实施前)、2021年12月、2022年5月及2022年7月... 详细信息

细菌是水生态环境的重要组成部分,细菌群落结构会随着环境因子的变化而产生变化,同时也对水环境有着反作用。为探究生态修复工程对排水沟水体和沉积物微生物群落结构的影响,于2021年8月(工程实施前)、2021年12月、2022年5月及2022年7月进行水体和沉积物样品采集调查,测定水体中8种理化因子(pH、电导率、盐度、总氮、COD_(Mn)、COD_(Cr)、总磷及F^(-))含量,通过16S rDNA高通量测序,分析第五排水沟水体及沉积物细菌群落结构特征,并探究其与水体理化因子间的响应关系。结果表明,生态修复工程实施后,水体电导率、盐度、总氮、总磷、COD_(Mn)及COD_(Cr)显著降低,水质得到改善。水体细菌物种多样性指数增加,群落丰度提高,均匀度提高,优势菌门、细菌群落结构组成存在显著变化,优势菌门Proteobacteria和Bacteroidetes等相对丰度增加,Cyanobacteria相对丰度减少。沉积物细菌优势菌门在生态修复工程实施前后无明显变化,为Proteobacteria、Bacteroidetes和Desulfobacterota,生态修复工程实施后Proteobacteria相对丰度增加,Bacteroidetes、Desulfobacterota相对丰度减少。沉积物细菌物种多样性和丰富度、均匀度高于水体,时空分布也存在较大差异。TP和F^(-)是水体细菌群落结构的主要影响因子,盐度、TP和COD_(Mn)是沉积物细菌群落结构的主要影响因子。

关键词：第五排水沟细菌群落结构环境因子

Flexible Strain Sensors with Ultra‑High Sensitivity and Wide Range Enabled by Crack‑Modulated Electrical Pathways

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 246-264页

作者： Yunzhao Bai Yunlei Zhou Xuanyu Wu Mengfei yin Liting yin Shiyuan Qu Fan Zhang Kan Li YongAn Huang State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Flexible Electronics Research Center Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Hangzhou Institute of Technology Xidian UniversityHangzhou 311200People’s Republic of China School of Mechano‑Electronic Engineering Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071People’s Republic of China Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA

This study presents a breakthrough in flexible strain sensor technology with the development of an ultrahigh sensitivity and wide-range sensor,addressing the critical challenge of reconciling sensitivity with measurement *** by the structure of bamboo slips,we introduce a novel approach that utilises liquid metal to modulate the electrical pathways within a cracked platinum fabric *** resulting sensor demonstrates a gauge factor greater than 108 and a strain measurement capability exceeding 100%.The integration of patterned liquid metal enables customisable tuning of the sensor’s response,while the porous fabric structure ensures superior comfort and air permeability for the *** design not only optimises the sensor’s performance but also enhances the electrical stability that is essential for practical *** systematic investigation,we reveal the intrinsic mechanisms governing the sensor’s response,offering valuable insights for the design of wearable strain *** sensor’s exceptional performance across a spectrum of applications,from micro-strain to large-strain detection,highlights its potential for a wide range of real-world uses,demonstrating a significant advancement in the field of flexible electronics.

关键词： Flexible strain sensor Fabric Crack Response regulation Epidermal device