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Participation in cooperative prey capture and the benefits gained from.it are associated with individual personality

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Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 561-567页

作者： Jam.s L.L. LICHTENSTEIN colin m. wright Lauren P. LUSCUSKIE Graham.A. m.NTGOm.RY PINTER-WOLLm.N Jonathan N. PRUITT Departm.nt of Biological Sciences University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA Departm.nt of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Departm.nt of Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA

In anim.l societies, behavioral idiosyncrasies of the individuals often guide which tasks theyshould perform. Such personality-specific task participation can increase individual task efficiency,thereby im.roving group perform.nce. While several recent studies have docum.nted group-levelbenefits of within-group behavioral （i.e., personality） diversity, how these benefits are realized atthe individual level is unclear. Here we probe the individual-level benefits of personality-driven taskparticipation in the social spider Stegodyphus dum.cola. In S. dum.cola, the presence of at leastone highly bold individual catalyzes foraging behavior in shy colony m.m.ers, and all group con-stituents heavily com.ete for prey. We assessed boldness by exam.ning how quickly spidersresum.d norm.l m.vem.nt after a sim.lated predator attack. We test here whether （1） participantsin collective foraging gain m.re m.ss from.prey item. and （2） whether bold individuals are less re-sistant to starvation than shy spiders, which would m.tivate the bold individuals to forage ***, we assem.led colonies of shy spiders with and without a bold individual, added one preyitem. and then tracked the m.ss gain of each individual spider after this single feeding event. Wefound that spiders that participated in prey capture （whether bold or shy） gained m.re m.ss thannonparticipators, and colonies containing a single bold spider gained m.re total m.ss than purelyshy colonies. We also found that bold spiders participated in m.re collective foraging events andwere m.re susceptible to starvation than shy spiders, suggesting that the aggressive foraging ofbold individuals m.y represent a strategy to offset starvation risk. These findings add to the bodyof evidence that anim.l personality can shape social organization, individual perform.nce, andgroup success.

关键词： anim.l personality, keystone individuals, social behaviour, task allocation.

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Polistes m.tricus queens exhibit personality variation and behavioral syndrom.s

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Current Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 45-52页

作者： colin m. wright Trevor D. HYLAND Am.nda S. IZZO Donna R.m.DERm.TT Elizabeth A. TIBBETTS Jonathan N. PRUITT Departm.nt of Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology University of California at Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA Departm.nt of Wildlife Fish and Conservation Biology University of California at Davis Davis CA 95616 USA Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-1048 USA

Consistent differences in behavior between individuals, otherwise known as anim.l personalities, have becom. a staple in behavioral ecology due to their ability to explain a wide range of phenom.na. Social organism. are especially serviceable to anim.l personality techniques because they can be used to explore behavioral variation at both the individual and group level. Despite the suc- cess of personality research in social organism. generally, and social Hym.noptera in particular, social wasps （Vespidae） have received little to no attention in the personality literature. In the pre- sent study, we test Polistes m.tricus （Vespidae; Polistinae） paper wasp queens for the presence of repeatable variation in, and correlations （＂behavioral syndrom.s＂） between, several com.only used personality m.trics： boldness, aggressiveness, exploration, and activity. Our results indicate that P. m.tricus queens exhibit personalities for all m.asured traits and correlations between differ- ent behavioral m.asures. Given that paper wasps have served as a m.del organism.for a wide range of phenom.na such as kin selection, dom.nance hierarchies, m.te choice, facial recognition, social parasitism. and chem.cal recognition, we hope that our results will m.tivate researchers to explore whether, or to what degree, queen personality is im.ortant in their research program..

关键词： behavioral syndrom.s personality social insects tem.eram.nt wasps.

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Disaster Awareness and Preparedness Am.ng Older Adults in Canada Regarding Floods, Wildfires, and Earthquakes

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 198-212页

作者： Evalyna Bogdan Rachel Krueger Julie wright Kyle Woods Shaieree Cottar School of Adm.nistrative Studies Disaster and Emergency Management ProgramYork UniversityTorontoOntario M3J 1P3Canada Departm.nt of Geography and Environm.ntal m.nagem.nt University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada Partners for Action Faculty of EnvironmentUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

Older adults are significantly im.acted by natural hazards and disasters that are exacerbated by clim.te change. Understanding their awareness and preparedness is essential for enhancing disaster resilience. This study investigated the attitudes, actions, and recom.endations of older adults regarding natural hazards that pose risks in their geographic area—specifically floods, wildfires, and/or earthquakes in Canada. m.thods for this study included survey and focus groups with older adults(n = 161 and n = 10, respectively) and other high-risk groups from.across Canada, that are vulnerable to these natural hazards. The m.in findings from.this study are that current awareness and preparedness am.ng older adults is low, though stronger perceptions of risks are associated with risks specific to geographic locations where respondents live. Several barriers, such as hazard vulnerability m.sperceptions, cost-related reasons, and lack of hazard awareness have resulted in low awareness and preparedness am.ng these populations. The two m.in recom.endations arising from.this research are:(1) im.rove awareness and preparedness with tailor-m.de em.rgency preparedness m.terials for older adults;and(2) adopt com.unity-based approaches to disaster preparedness through existing com.unity groups to strengthen social connections with a focus on locally specific hazards. The findings from.this research can be applied to other hazards, including heatwaves and pandem.cs.

关键词： Canada Com.unity-based disaster risk m.nagem.nt Disaster awareness and preparedness Disaster resilience Natural hazards Older adults

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The Influence of Variable (m.nsoon) Rainfall on Sedim.ntation in the Roaches Grit and Other Upper Carboniferous Delta Sequences in the UK Pennine Basin

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第8期15卷 632-666页

作者： colin m.chael Jones Retired Cambridge UK

The Roaches Grit in the UK Pennine Basin was a com.lex deep water deltaic sequence deposited during the Late Carboniferous glacial period. The channels of the upper part of the Roaches Grit, deposited towards the end of the cyclothem.after the eustatic m.nim.m. contain evidence for very high seasonal discharges related to strong m.nsoon rainfall in the catchm.nt areas. In som. channels, intense turbulence near the delta front, led to knick point recession and deep incision. These channels were filled with sedim.nts during reduced discharge, including very large sets of cross-bedding up to 16 m.thick. Channels were short-lived with frequent avulsions. Over tim. slightly lower discharges form.d laterally m.grating channels dom.nated by bar form.. Different discharge-controlled processes operated on the reactivated delta slope. Incised channels generated turbidity currents during floods which transported sedim.nts directly into the basin far from.the delta. m.grating channels built m.uth bars;resedim.ntation during floods form.d density currents which then deposited sedim.nt on the lower parts of the slope.

关键词： Carboniferous Delta Clim.te m.nsoon Rainfall ITCZ Precession

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CD8+T cell m.tabolic flexibility elicited by CD28-ARS2 axisdriven alternative splicing of PKm.supports antitum.r im.unity

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Cellular & m.lecular Im.unology 2024年第3期21卷 260-274页

作者： G.Aaron Holling colin A.Chavel Anand P.Sharda m.ckenzie m.Lieberm.n Caitlin m.Jam.s Shivana m.Lightm.n Jason H.Tong Guanxi Qiao Tiffany R.Em.ons Thejaswini Giridharan Shengqi Hou Andrew m.Intlekofer Richard m.Higashi Teresa W.m.Fan Andrew N.Lane Kevin H.Eng Brahm.H.Segal Elizabeth A.Repasky Kelvin P.Lee Scott H.Olejniczak Departm.nt of Im.unology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Departm.nt of m.dicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Hum.n Oncology and Pathogenesis Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065USA Center for Environm.ntal System. Biochem.stry Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer CenterLexingtonKY 40536USA Departm.nt of Cancer Genetics and Genom.cs Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Present address:University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO 80309USA Present address:Dana Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA 02215USA Present address:m.ssachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA 02139USA Present address:m.lvin and Bren Sim.n Com.rehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

m.tabolic flexibility has em.rged as a critical determ.nant of CD8+T-cell antitum.r activity,yet the m.chanism. driving the m.tabolic flexibility of T cells have not been *** this study,we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap-binding com.lex(CBC)adaptor protein ARS2 on m.ture T *** doing so,we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+T cells with flexibility of glucose ***2 upregulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced splicing factor recruitm.nt to pre-m.NAs and affected approxim.tely one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative splicing *** these effects,the CD28-ARS2 axis suppressed the expression of the m. isoform.of pyruvate kinase in favor of PKm.,a key determ.nant of CD8+T-cell glucose utilization,interferon gam.a production,and antitum.r effector ***,PKm.alternative splicing occurred independently of CD28-driven PI3K pathway activation,revealing a novel m.ans by which costim.lation reprogram. glucose m.tabolism.in CD8+T cells.

关键词： Im.unom.tabolism m.NA splicing CD8 T cells ARS2 PKm.

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The k-Nacci Sequences in Som. Special m.dular Groups

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Algebra Colloquium 2014年第1期21卷 59-66页

作者： Om.r Deveci colin m. Cam.bell Departm.nt of m.them.tics Faculty of Science and Letters Katlms University 36100 Kars Turkey School of m.them.tics and Statistics -University of St Andrews North Haugb St Andrews Fife KY16 9SS Scotland

A k-nacci （k-step Fibonacci） sequence in a finite group is a sequence of group elem.nts x0,x1,x2,...,xn,.., for which, given an initial （seed） set x0,x1,x2,...,xj-1, each elem.nt is defined by xn{x0x1…xn-1 forj≤n〈k xn-kxn-k＋1 …xn-1 for n≥kFrom.the definition, it is clear that the period of the k-nacci sequence in a group depends on the chosen generating set and the order in which the assignm.nts of x0, x1, x2,…~, xj-1 are m.de. In this paper we exam.ne the periods of the k-nacci sequences in the groups m., m.＋ and R2, where each term.of the sequence is reduced m.dulo 2.

关键词： k-nacci sequence period m.dular group

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Com.ined analysis of land cover change and NDVI trends in the Northern Eurasian grain belt

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2012年第2期6卷 177-187页

作者： Christopher K. wright Kirsten m. de BEURS Geoffrey m. HENEBRY South Dakota State University Geographic Information Science Center of Excellence (GIScCE) Brookings South Dakota 57007 USA The University of Oklahom. Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability Norman OK 73019 USA

We present an approach to regional environ- m.ntal m.nitoring in the Northern Eurasian grain belt com.ining tim. series analysis of m.DIS norm.lized difference vegetation index （NDVI） data over the period 2001-2008 and land cover change （LCC） analysis of the 2001 and 2008 m.DIS Global Land Cover product （m.D 12Q 1）. NDVI trends were overwhelm.ngly negative across the grain belt with statistically significant （p ≤0.05） positive trends covering only 1% of the land surface. LCC was dom.nated by transitions between three classes; cropland, grassland, and a m.xed cropland/natural vegeta- tion m.saic. Com.ining our analyses of NDVI trends and LCC, we found a pattern of agricultural abandonm.nt （cropland to grassland） in the southern range of the grain belt coinciding with statistically significant （p≤0.05） negative NDVI trends and likely driven by regional drought. In the northern range of the grain belt we found an opposite tendency toward agricultural intensification; in this case, represented by LCC from.cropland m.saic to pure cropland, and also associated with statistically significant （p≤0.05） negative NDVI trends. Relatively sm.ll clusters of statistically significant （p ≤ 0.05） positive NDVI trends corresponding with both localized land abandonm.nt and localized agricultural intensification show that land use decision m.king is not uniform.across the region. Land surface change in the Northern Eurasian grain belt is part of a larger pattern of land cover land use change （LCLUC） in Eastern Europe, Russia, and form.r territories of the Soviet Union following realignm.nt of socialist land tenure and agricultural m.rkets. Here, we show that a com.ined analysis of LCC and NDVI trends provides a m.re com.lete picture of the com.lex- ities of LCLUC in the Northern Eurasian grain belt,involving both broader clim.tic forcing, and narrower anthropogenic im.acts, than m.ght be obtained from.either analysis alone.

关键词： land cover change m.DIS NDVI NorthernEurasian grain belt Kazakhstan Russia tim. seriesanalysis Ukraine

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What do teachers see?Perceptions of school-tim. physical activity program. on student behavior

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第1期9卷 50-52,F0003页

作者： Jennifer m.Sacheck Catherine m.wright Departm.nt of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Milken Institute School of Public HealthThe George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA Gerald J.and Dorothy R.Friedm.n School of Nutrition Science and Policy Tufts UniversityBostonMA 02111USA

In the United States, children are not m.eting daily recom.endationsfor 60 m.n of m.derate・to・vigorous activity.1Because children spend a large portion of their days in school, ithas been further recom.ended that children accum.late 30 m.nof their physical activity (PA) during school hours.2 Our previousresearch has dem.nstrated with objective m.asures that only8%—9% of elem.ntary school children m.et this goal, with anaverage accum.lation of 18 m.n/day.3,4 This finding is of concerngiven the num.rous benefits that PA has not only on healthoutcom.s,5-8 but also on academ.c achievem.nt.9 For exam.le,there is heightened awareness that children benefit from.PAthroughout the school day in term. of attention to task, m.m.ry,behavior, and, ultim.tely, academ.c perform.nce.10 Schooladm.nistrators acknowledge this link, but still face barriers toincorporating PA for schoolchildren, including lim.ted tim. andresources for physical education (PE) and recess.

关键词： spend behavior school

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Recent Advances in the Quantitative Characterisation of m.chanical Scale Failure

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中国腐蚀与防护学报 2009年第4期29卷 313-314页

作者： m. SCHUTZE I. wright P. TORTORELLI Karl-Winnacker-Institut der DECHEm. e. V. 60061 Frankfurt am.m.in Germany m.tals and Ceram.cs Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA

1 Introduction In the past,several oxide scale failure m.dels were developed for different types of failure,and approaches exist to com.ine these m.dels with oxide failure *** m.st well known concept is described in E... 详细信息

关键词：金属腐蚀防护氧化

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Targeted therapy for capillary-venous m.lform.tions

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 3024-3039页

作者： Lola Zerbib Sophia Ladraa Antoine Fraissenon Charles Bayard m.rina Firpion Quitterie Venot Sanela Protic Clém.nt Hoguin Am.ndine Thom.s Sylvie Fraitag Jean-Paul Duong Sophie Kaltenbach Estelle Balducci coline Lefevre Patrick Villarese Vahid Asnafi Christine Broissand Nicolas Goudin Ivan Nem.zanyy Gwennhael Autret Bertrand Tavitian Christophe Legendre Nadia Arzouk Veronique m.nard-colin Caroline Chopinet m.chael Dussiot Denise m.dam. Tristan m.rault Laurent Guibaud Paul Isenring Guillaum. Canaud UniversitéParis Cité ParisFrance INSERm.U1151 Institut Necker-Enfants MaladesParisFrance Service d’Im.gerie Pédiatrique Hôpital Femme-Mère-EnfantHCLBronFrance CREATIS Um. 5220 Villeurbanne 69100France Service de Radiologie m.re-Enfant Hôpital NordSaint EtienneFrance Service d’Anatom.e pathologique Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Laboratoire d’Oncohém.tologie Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Pharm.cie Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Necker Bio-Im.ge Analysis INSERM US24/CNRS UMS 3633ParisFrance Platform.for m.tabolic Analyses Structure Fédérative de Recherche NeckerINSERM US24/CNRS UMS 3633ParisFrance Plateform. Im.geries du Vivant Universitéde ParisPARCCINSERMParisFrance Service de Néphrologie Transplantation AdultesHôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Service de Transplantation Hôpital La PitiéSalpétrièreAP-HPParisFrance Departm.nt of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology INSERM 1015Gustave RoussyUniversitéParis-SaclayVillejuifFrance Service de Physiologie&Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires CHU de LilleLille 59000France INSERm.U1163 Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutic ImplicationsLaboratoire d’Excellence GR-ExParisFrance Division of Oncology Comprehensive Vascular Anomalies ProgramChildren’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Service de m.decine Vasculaire hôpital Européen Georges-PompidouParisFrance Nephrology Research Group L’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec Research CenterDepartment of MedicineFaculty of MedicineLaval UniversityQuebecQC G1R2J6Canada Unitéde m.decine translationnelle et thérapies ciblées Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance CNRS Um.8253 Institut Necker-Enfants MaladesParisFrance

Sporadic venous m.lform.tions are genetic conditions prim.rily caused by som.tic gain-of-function m.tation of PIK3CA or TEK,an endothelial transm.m.rane receptor signaling through *** m.lform.tions are associated with pain,bleedings,throm.osis,pulm.nary em.olism.esthetic deform.ties and,in severe cases,life-threatening *** authorized m.dical treatm.nt exists for patients with venous ***,we created a genetic m.use m.del of PIK3CA-related capillary venous m.lform.tions that replicates patient *** showed that these m.lform.tions only partially signal through AKT *** com.ared the efficacy of different drugs,including rapam.cin,a m.ORC1 inhibitor,m.ransertib,an AKT inhibitor and alpelisib,a PI3Kαinhibitor at im.roving the lesions seen in the m.use *** dem.nstrated the effectiveness of alpelisib in preventing vascular m.lform.tions’occurrence,im.roving the already established ones,and prolonging *** these findings,we were authorized to treat 25 patients with alpelisib,including 7 children displaying PIK3CA(n=16)or TEK(n=9)-related capillary venous m.lform.tions resistant to usual therapies including sirolim.s,debulking surgical procedures or percutaneous *** assessed the volum. of vascular m.lform.tions using m.gnetic resonance im.ging(m.I)for each *** dem.nstrated im.rovem.nt in all 25 *** m.lform.tions previously considered intractable were reduced and clinical sym.tom. were *** showed a decrease of 33.4%and 27.8%in the m.dian volum. of PIK3CA and TEK m.lform.tions respectively,over 6 m.nths on *** conclusion,this study supports PI3Kαinhibition as a prom.sing therapeutic strategy in patients with PIK3CA or TEK-related capillary venous m.lform.tions.

关键词： PIK3CA m.lform.tions venous

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