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Recommendations for improved tropical cyclone formation and position probabilistic Forecast products

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第4期12卷 241-258页

作者： Jason P.Dunion Chris Davis Helen Titley Helen Greatrex Munehiko Yamaguchi John Methven Raghavendra Ashrit Zhuo Wang Hui Yu Anne-claire Fontan Alan Brammer Matthew Kucas Matthew Ford Philippe Papin Fernando Prates Carla Mooney Andrew Kruczkiewicz Paromita Chakraborty Andrew Burton Mark DeMaria Ryan Torn Jonathan l.Vigh CIMAS University of Miamiand Hurricane Research DivisionNOAA/AOMLFloridaUSA NCAR Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology laboratory ColoradoUSA UK Met Office ExeterUK Pennsylvania State University PennsylvaniaUSA World Meteorological Organization GenevaSwitzerland University of Reading ReadingUK National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting Ministry of Earth SciencesNoidaIndia University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign IllinoisUSA Shanghai Typhoon Institute CMAShanghaiChina WMO Tropical Cyclone Programme(TCP)GenevaSwitzerland Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere/Colorado State University ColoradoUSA Joint Typhoon Warning Center HonoluluUSA MetService New Zealand WellingtonNew Zealand NOAA National Hurricane Center FloridaUSA European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ReadingUK Bureau of Meteorology MelbourneAustralia Columbia University New YorkUSA Centre for Climate Research Singapore Meteorological Services SingaporeSingapore CIRA/Colorado State University ColoradoUSA University at Albany-SUNY New YorkUSA Research Applications laboratory National Center for Atmospheric ResearchColoradoUSA

Prediction of the potentially devastating impact of landfalling tropical cyclones(TCs)relies substantially on numerical prediction *** to the limited predictability of TCs and the need to express forecast confidence and possible scenarios,it is vital to exploit the benefits of dynamic ensemble forecasts in operational TC forecasts and ***,TCWCs,and other forecast centers value probabilistic guidance for TCs,but the International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-9)found that the“pull-through”of probabilistic information to operational warnings using those forecasts is ***-9 recommendations led to the formation of the WMO/WWRP Tropical Cyclone-Probabilistic Forecast Products(TC-PFP)project,which is also endorsed as a WMO Seamless GDPFS Pilot *** main goal of TC-PFP is to coordinate across forecast centers to help identify best practice guidance for probabilistic TC ***-PFP is being implemented in 3 phases:Phase 1(TC formation and position);Phase 2(TC intensity and structure);and Phase 3(TC related rainfall and storm surge).This article provides a summary of Phase 1 and reviews the current state of the science of probabilistic forecasting of TC formation and *** is considerable variability in the nature and interpretation of forecast products based on ensemble information,making it challenging to transfer knowledge of best practices across forecast *** among forecast centers regarding the effectiveness of different approaches would be helpful for conveying best *** collaboration with experts experienced in communicating complex probabilistic TC information and sharing of best practices between centers would help to ensure effective decisions can be made based on TC ***,forecast centers need timely access to ensemble information that has consistent,user-friendly ensemble *** consistency across forecast centers in data accessibility,probabilistic forecast pr

关键词： Tropical cyclone Probabilistic Formation Position

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Do aphids actively search for ant partners？

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Insect Science 2015年第2期22卷 283-288页

作者： Christophe Y. Fischer Maryse Vanderplanck Georges C. lognay claire Detrain Francois J. Verheggen laboratory of Analytical Chemistry University of Liege Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Gembloux Research Institute of Biosciences Laboratory of Zoology University of Mons Mons Unit of Social Ecology Universit6 Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Department of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology University of Liege Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Gembloux Belgium

The aphid-ant mutnalistic relationships are not necessarily obligate for neither partners but evidence is that such interactions provide them strong advantages in terms of global fitness. While it is largely assumed that ants actively search for their mutualistic partners namely using volatile cues; whether winged aphids （i.e., aphids＇ most mobile form） are able to select ant-frequented areas had not been investigated so far. Ant-frequented sites would indeed offer several advantages for these aphids including a lower predation pressure through ant presence and enhanced chances of establishing mutuaslistic interactions with neighbor ant colonies. In the field, aphid colonies are often observed in higher densities around ant nests, which is probably linked to a better survival ensured by ants＇ services. Nevertheless, this could also result from a preferential establishment of winged aphids in ant-frequented areas. We tested this last hypothesis through different ethological assays and show that the facultative myrmecophilous black bean aphid, Aphisfabae l., does not orientate its search for a host plant preferentially toward ant-frequented plants. However, our results suggest that ants reduce the number of winged aphids leaving the newly colonized plant. Thus, ants involved in facultative myrmecophilous interactions with aphids appear to contribute to structure aphid populations in the field by ensuring a better establishment and survival of newly established colonies rather than by inducing a deliberate plant selection by aphid partners based on the proximity of ant colonies.

关键词： ant aphid Aphisfabae lasius niger mutualism partner research

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Ranking higher taxa using divergence times:a case study in Dothideomycetes

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第3期84卷 75-99页

作者： Jian-Kui liu Kevin D.Hyde Rajesh Jeewon Alan J.l.phillips Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Martin Ryberg Zuo-Yi liu Qi Zhao Key laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201People’s Republic of China Guizhou Institute of Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006People’s Republic of China Guizhou Key laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006People’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Departmental of Health Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MauritiusReduitMauritius University of lisbon Faculty of SciencesBiosystems and Integrative Sciences InstituteCampo Grande1749-016 LisbonPortugal Department of Crop Sciences College of Agricultural and Marine SciencesSultan Qaboos UniversityPO Box 8123 Al KhoudOman Department of Organismal Biology Uppsala UniversityNorbyvägen 18D75236 UppsalaSweden

The current classification system for the recognition of taxonomic ranks among fungi,especially at highranking level,is *** the development of molecular approaches and the availability of fossil calibration data,the use of divergence times as a universally standardized criterion for ranking taxa has now become *** can therefore date the origin of Ascomycota lineages by using molecular clock methods and establish the divergence times for the orders and families of *** chose Dothideomycetes,the largest class of the phylum Ascomycota,which contains 32 orders,to establish ages at which points orders have split;and Pleosporales,the largest order of Dothideomycetes with 55 families,to establish family divergence *** have assembled a multi-gene data set(lSU,SSU,TEF1 and RPB2)from 391 taxa representing most family groups of Dothideomycetes and utilized fossil calibration points solely from within the ascomycetes and a Bayesian approach to establish divergence times of Dothideomycetes *** separated datasets were analysed:(i)272 taxa representing 32 orders of Dothideomycetes were included for the order level analysis,and(ii)191 taxa representing 55 families of Pleosporales were included for the family level *** results indicate that divergence times(crown age)for most orders(20 out of 32,or 63%)are between 100 and 220 Mya,while divergence times for most families(39 out of 55,or 71%)are between 20 and 100 *** believe that divergence times can provide additional evidence to support establishment of higher level taxa,such as families,orders and *** advantage of this added approach,we can strive towards establishing a standardized taxonomic system both within and outside *** this study we found that molecular dating coupled with phylogenetic inferences provides no support for the taxonomic status of two currently recognized orders,namely Bezerromycetales and Wiesneriomycetales and these are treated as sy

关键词： BEAST Clade age Classification Calibration Family Order Phylogeny Pleosporales

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水催化脱卤反应:构建每次一个水分子的纳米化学反应体系(英文)

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光散射学报 2005年第3期 63-65页

作者： D.l.phillips,W.M.Kwok Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong S.A.R. China Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong S.A.R. China

A combined experimental and theoretical study of the photochemistry of CHBr3in pure water and in acetonitrile/water mixed solvents is reported that elucidates the reactions and mechanisms responsible for the photochemical conversion of the halogen atoms in CHBr3into three bromide ions in water *** is the most abundant source of organic bromine in the ocean and atmosphere and this makes it an attractive polyhalomethane to study [1]. Ultraviolet excitation with 253.7 nm light （from a Hg lamp） of low concentrations （l, and CHCl2Br in aqueous solution led to complete conversion of the halogens into halide ions （bromide and/or chloride） with similar photo-quantum yields of about 0.43 [2]. C-Br bond cleavage for the CHBr3molecule and the CHBr2radical in the gas phase have been estimated to require 63.8 and 73.6 kcal/mol of energy respectively [3]. The 253.7 nm photon has about 113 kcal/mol of energy and is thus only likely to break one carbon-halogen bond in the CHBr3, CHBr2Cl and CHCl2Br molecules following 253.7 nm excitation. How does the 253.7 nm photolysis of low concentrations of CHBr3, CHBr2Cl, and CHCl2Br in water lead to complete conversion of the halogen atoms into bromide and/or chloride ion products and where does the energy come from to break all three carbon-halogen bonds?

关键词： HBr Cl CO

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Iris manipulation during phacoemulsification:intraoperative and postoperative complications

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第5期14卷 676-683页

作者： Eric R.Williams Jennifer l.Patnaik D.claire Miller Anne M.lynch Richard S.Davidson Malik Y.Kahook leonard K.Seibold Department of Ophthalmology Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye CenterUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To quantify intraoperative and postoperative complications in complex phacoemulsification cataract extraction(phacoemulsification)with iris manipulation compared to non-complex and complex phacoemulsification without iris ***:All phacoemulsification cases at the University of Colorado between January 1,2014,and June 30,2017 were *** criteria for the primary outcome of intraoperative complications were planned combination surgery and eyes with less than 28 d *** criteria for the secondary outcomes of postoperative complications were unplanned additional surgery,and chronic steroid eye drop use prior to *** including sex,race/ethnicity,surgery length,visual acuity,intraoperative and postoperative complications,and intraocular pressures(IOP)were collected and analyzed utilizing general linear and logistic regression ***:The medical records of 5772 eyes were reviewed(500 complex without iris manipulation,367 with iris manipulation).The number of any intraoperative complication in the complex with iris manipulation and complex without iris manipulation groups was 15(4.1%)and 26(5.2%),respectively,compared to 41(0.8%)in the non-complex *** inflammation was found in 135(2.8%)non-complex cases,20(4.1%)complex cases without iris manipulation,and 20(5.6%)complex cases with iris *** adjusted odds ratio of postoperative inflammation in phacoemulsification with iris manipulation compared to non-complex was 2.3(95%CI:1.3-4.0,P=0.005).The rate of IOP spikes>10 mm Hg was significantly greater in cases with iris manipulation(P=0.001).CONClUSION:Complex cases have more intraoperative ***,only complex cases with iris manipulation led to increase rates of postoperative inflammation and IOP spikes>10 mm Hg.

关键词： phacoemulsification iris manipulation inflammation

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The Palmar Cutaneous Branch of the Median Nerve: A Detailed Morphometric Study

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2014年第4期2卷 101-106页

作者： Orane Richards Scott Border claire Bolton Alexandra l. Webb Centre for learning Anatomical Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton Southampton UK Orthopaedic Surgery Unit The Canberra Hospital Canberra Australia Medical School Australian National University Canberra Australia

Damage to the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve (PCBMN) is a potential complication of surgery at the volar aspect of the wrist. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships of the PCBMN to both surface and bony landmarks using reliable methods. Ten pairs of forearms from cadavers aged 73 to 98 years were dissected. The PCBMN was identified and its course and relationships documented. The situation of the PCBMN was quantified relative to the distal wrist crease, bistyloid line, scaphoid tubercle, radial styloid process and flexor carpi radialis tendon. A PCBMN was identified on 90% of sides. The PCBMN arose from the radial aspect of the median nerve 52.4 (SD 31.0) mm from the bistyloid line and entered the transverse carpal ligament 10.9 (SD 9.5) mm proximal to the bistyloid line. At the level of the distal wrist crease the PCBMN was located 0.6 to 7.5 mm (mean 4.5;SD 1.9 mm) from the ulnar aspect of the flexor carpi radialis tendon. The inter- and intra-observer reliability of the measurement methods ranged from ICC 0.96 to 1.00. Detailed morphometric data of the PCBMN relative to bony landmarks contribute to knowledge of the spatial relationships of the PCBMN to inform the precision of surgical incisions.

关键词： Palmar Cutaneous Branch Median Nerve Morphometry Gross Anatomy Surgery

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Effect of phosphodiesterase inhibitors in the bladder

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Asian Journal of Urology 2015年第1期2卷 33-37页

作者： Bilal Chughtai Aizaz Ali claire Dunphy Steven A.Kaplan Weill Cornell Medical College New York CityNYUSA

Many aging men will experience lower urinary tract symptoms(lUTS).Phosphodiesterase type 5(PDE5)inhibitors have shown promise in treating lUTS in these ***5 inhibitors mediate their effects through several pathways including cAMP,NO/cGMP,Kchannel modulated pathways,and the l-cysteine/H2S ***5 inhibitors exert their effect in muscle cells,nerve fibers,and interstitial cells(ICs).The use of PDE5 inhibitors led to improvement in *** included urodynamic ***5 inhibitors may play a significant role in lUTS due to their effect on the bladder rather than the prostate.

关键词： lower urinary tract symptoms(lUTS) Overactive bladder syndrome(OAB) Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors NO/cGMP cAMP

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Impact of radiotherapy on the immune landscape in oesophageal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第21期28卷 2302-2319页

作者： Noel E Donlon Maria Davern Fiona O'Connell Andrew Sheppard Aisling Heeran Anshul Bhardwaj Christine Butler Ravi Narayanasamy claire Donohoe James J Phelan Niamh lynam-lennon Margaret R Dunne Stephen Maher Jacintha O'Sullivan John V Reynolds Joanne lysaght Department of Surgery Trinity Translational Medicine InstituteSt James HospitalDublin D08Ireland

BACKGROUND In the contemporary era of cancer immunotherapy,an abundance of clinical and translational studies have reported radiotherapy(RT)and immunotherapies as a viable option for immunomodulation of many cancer subtypes,with many related clinical trials *** locally advanced disease,chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical excision of the tumour remain the principal treatment strategy in oesophageal adenocarcinoma(OAC),however,the use of the host immune system to improve anti-tumour immunity is rapidly garnering increased support in the curative *** To immunophenotype OAC patients’immune checkpoint(IC)expression with and without radiation and evaluate the effects of checkpoint blockade on cell *** In the contemporary era of cancer immunotherapy,an abundance of studies have demonstrated that combination RT and IC inhibitors(ICIs)are effective in the immunomodulation of many cancer subtypes,with many related clinical trials *** surgical excision and elimination of tumour cells by chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy remains the gold standard approach in OAC,the propagation of anti-tumour immune responses is rapidly garnering increased support in the curative *** aim of this body of work was to immunophenotype OAC patients’IC expression with and without radiation and to establish the impact of checkpoint blockade on cell *** study was a hybrid combination of in vitro and ex vivo *** of serum immune proteins was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** cytometry staining was performed to evaluate IC expression for in vitro OAC cell lines and ex vivo OAC *** viability in the presence of radiation with and without IC blockade was assessed by a cell counting kit-8 *** We identified that conventional dosing and hypofractionated approaches resulted in increased IC expression(PD-1,PD-l1,TIM3,TIGIT)in vitro and ex vivo in *** were two distinct subco

关键词： Oesophageal Cancer Radiotherapy Immunotherapy Immunology Surgery Oncology

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Prediction of the severity of colorectal lesion by fecal hemoglobin concentration observed during previous test in the French screening program

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第31期27卷 5272-5287页

作者： Christian Balamou Akoi Koivogui Christelle M Rodrigue Aurelie Clerc claire Piccotti Anne Deloraine Catherine Exbrayat Site de l'Ain Centre Régional de Coordination des Dépistages des Cancers en Auvergne-Rhône-AlpesBourg-en-Bresse 01000France Site de Seine-Saint-Denis Centre Régional de Coordination des Dépistages des Cancers en Ile-de-FranceBondy 93146France Sites Savoie&Haute Savoie Centre Regional de Coordination des Depistages des Cancers en Auvergne-Rhone-AlpesChambery 73000France Site de Drome Ardeche Centre Regional de Coordination des Depistages des Cancers en Auvergne-Rhone-AlpesValence 26000France Site Isere&Drome-Ardeche Centre Regional de Coordination des Depistages des Cancers en Auvergne-Rhone-AlpesMeylan 38240France

BACKGROUND The rate of positive tests using fecal immunochemical test(FIT)does not decrease with subsequent campaigns,but the positive predictive value of advanced neoplasia significantly decreases in subsequent campaign after a first negative test.A relationship between the fecal hemoglobin concentration(Fhb)and the opportunity to detect a colorectal cancer in subsequent campaign has been *** To predict the severity of colorectal lesions based on Fhb measured during previous colorectal cancer screening *** This etiological study included 293750 patients aged 50-74,living in Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes(France).These patients completed at least two FIT[test_((-1))and test_((0))]between June 2015 and December *** between test_((-1))and test_((0))was>1year and test_((-1))result was negative(l).The severity of colorectal lesions diagnosed at test_((0))was described according to Fhb measured at test_((-1))[Fhb_((-1))].The relationship between the severity classified in seven ordinal categories and the predictive factors was analyzed in an ordered multivariate polytomous regression *** The test_((0))positive rate was 4.0%,and the colonoscopy completion rate was 97.1%in 11594 patients who showed a positive test_((0)).The colonoscopy detection rate was 77.7%in those 11254 patients who underwent a colonoscopy.A total of 8748 colorectal lesions were detected(including 2182 low-risk-polyps,2400 high-riskpolyp,and 502 colorectal cancer).The colonoscopy detection rate varied significantly with Fhb_((-1))[0 ngHb/ml:75.6%,(0-50 ngHb/ml):77.3%,(50-100 ngHb/ml):88.7%,(100-150 ngHb/ml):90.3%;P=0.001].People with a Fhb_((-1))within(100-150 ngHb/ml)(P=0.001)were 2.6(2.2;3.0)times more likely to have a high severity level compared to those having a Fhb_((-1))value of *** risk was reduced by 20%in patients aged 55-59 compared to those agedlUSION The study showed that higher Fhb_((-1))is correlated to

关键词： Colorectal cancer screening Fecal immunochemical test Fecal hemoglobin concentration Colorectal lesion severity

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Botryosphaeria, Neofusicoccum, Neoscytalidium and Pseudofusicoccum species associated with mango in Brazil

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第4期61卷 195-208页

作者： Marília W.Marques Nelson B.lima Marcos A.de Morais Jr Sami J.Michereff Alan J.l.phillips Marcos P.S.Câmara Departamento de Agronomia Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco52171-900 RecifeBrazil Departamento de Genética Universidade Federal de Pernambuco50732-970 RecifeBrazil Centro de Recursos Microbiológicos Departamento de Ciências da VidaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2829-516 CaparicaPortugal

Members of the Botryosphaeriaceae are well known fungi associated with dieback,canker and fruit rot on various hosts worldwide,including *** aim of this study was identify a large collection of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with dieback and stem-end rot of mango in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil,and compare the species in relation to mycelial growth,pathogenicity and virulence.A total of 115 isolates were sampled and based on morphology and DNA sequence data(ITS and EF1-α)seven taxa were identified,namely,Botryosphaeria dothidea,***,Fusicoccum fabicercianum,Neofusicoccum parvum,*** ***,Neoscytalidium dimidiatum and Pseudofusicoccum *** and *** were the most commonly isolated species,which represented 37%and 33%of all isolates *** is reported for the first time in association with mango diseases *** were significant differences among the species obtained in this study in relation to optimum temperature for mycelial growth and mycelial growth *** species were pathogenic on mango *** were significant differences in virulence among the species,with *** and *** being the most virulent species,while *** was the least virulent.

关键词： Botryosphaeriaceae Dieback Stem-end rot Mangifera indica Pathogenicity Virulence Phylogeny

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