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Developing crop specific area frame stratifications based on geospatial crop frequency and cultivation data layers

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第2期16卷 312-323页

作者： claire G. Boryan Zhengwei Yang Patrick Willis Liping Di Research and Development Division USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service VA 22030 USA Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems George Mason University VA 22030 USA

Area Sampling Frames （ASFs） are the basis of many statistical programs around the world. To improve the accuracy, objectivity and efficiency of crop survey estimates, an automated stratification method based on geospatial crop planting frequency and cultivation data is proposed. This paper investigates using 2008-2013 geospatial corn, soybean and wheat planting frequency data layers to create three corresponding single crop specific and one multi-crop specific South Dakota （SD） U.S. ASF stratifications. Corn, soybeans and wheat are three major crops in South Dakota. The crop specific ASF stratifications are developed based on crop frequency statistics derived at the primary sampling unit （PSU） level based on the Crop Frequency Data Layers. The SD corn, soybean and wheat mean planting frequency strata of the single crop stratifications are substratified by percent cultivation based on the 2013 Cultivation Layer. The three newly derived ASF stratifications provide more crop specific information when compared to the current National Agricultural Statistics Service （NASS） ASF based on percent cultivation alone. Further, a multi-crop stratification is developed based on the individual corn, soybean and wheat planting frequency data layers. It is observed that all four crop frequency based ASF stratifications consistently predict corn, soybean and wheat planting patterns well as verified by the 2014 Farm Service Agency （FSA） Common Land Unit （CLU） and 578 administrative data. This demonstrates that the new stratifications based on crop planting frequency and cultivation are crop type independent and applicable to all major crops. Further, these results indicate that the new crop specific ASF stratifications have great potential to improve ASF accuracy, efficiency and crop estimates.

关键词： cropland data layer crop planting frequency data layers automated stratification crop specific stratification multi-crop stratification

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Fe-doped olivine and char for in-bed elimination of gasification tars in an air-blown fluidised bed reactor coupled with oxidative hot gas filtration

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2022年第4期5卷 271-288页

作者： Miguel Ruiz Adam Schnitzer claire Courson Guillain Mauviel LRGP CNRSUniversity of LorraineENSIC1 Rue GrandvilleNancyFrance University of Lorraine LERMaBENSTIB27 Rue Philippe S´eguinPO Box 1041F-88051 EpinalFrance Institut of Chemistry and Processes for Energy Environment and HealthICPEES–UMR 7515University of Strasbourg25 Rue Becquerel67087 StrasbourgFrance

Gasification experiments were carried out in a pilot scale fluid bed reactor operated under allothermal mode and low fluidisation regime with iron-doped olivine and char as catalyst for in-situ tar *** catalyst combination resulted in a reduction of 50%in the overall tar yield with respect to the reference ***,the integration of an oxidative Hot Gas Filtration unit downstream the gasification reactor led to a further reduction in overall tar yield and relatively clean gas was obtained(approx.1 g/Nm3,benzene-free).The tar dew point of the resulting producer gas was estimated to 80℃,only 40℃ above the threshold value recommended for its valorisation in standard internal combustion ***,catalyst elutriation and char hold-up took place to a large extent inside the *** analysis of catalyst samples at different Time-On-Stream(TOS)revealed:(i)a considerable loss of iron oxides during the first hour of test because of the interparticle mechanical attrition(mostly surface abrasion)and partial reduction of hematite to magnetite and wustite but,stable composition at higher TOS,(ii)the loss of the iron oxide coverage of Fe/olivine particles and the formation of agglomerates with increasing TOS and,(iii)the amount of carbon deposited in the surface of the Fe/olivine particles increased with TOS,but in any case,these carbon deposits can be completely oxidized above 650℃.

关键词： Gasification Tar Oxidative hot gas filtration Char Iron-doped olivine

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用振动防治斑衣蜡蝉

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环球科学 2024年第13期 16-17页

作者：克莱尔·玛丽·波特张宇哲(翻译) 不详

自从2014年斑衣蜡蝉(spotted lanternfly)入侵美国并在东海岸肆虐以来,人们一直在寻找消灭它们的办法,然而这种昆虫极难被杀灭。它们摧毁了当地的树木和葡萄藤等果树,被美国宾夕法尼亚大学列为150年来可能最具破坏性的昆虫。斑衣蜡蝉的... 详细信息

自从2014年斑衣蜡蝉(spotted lanternfly)入侵美国并在东海岸肆虐以来,人们一直在寻找消灭它们的办法,然而这种昆虫极难被杀灭。它们摧毁了当地的树木和葡萄藤等果树,被美国宾夕法尼亚大学列为150年来可能最具破坏性的昆虫。斑衣蜡蝉的排泄物被昆虫学家称作“蜜露”,其中会滋生多种病原真菌。

关键词：斑衣蜡蝉昆虫学家病原真菌葡萄藤排泄物东海岸

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Epstein-Barr virus and the origin of Hodgkin lymphoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第12期33卷 591-597页

作者： Martina Vockerodt Fathima Zumla Cader claire Shannon-Lowe Paul Murray School of Cancer Sciences University of Birmingham

Although Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)is present in the malignant Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg(HRS)cells of a proportion of cases of classical Hodgkin lymphoma(c HL),how the virus contributes to the pathogenesis of this disease remains poorly *** is clear from the studies of other EBV-associated cancers that the virus is usually not sufficient for tumor development and that other oncogenic co-factors are *** article reviews what is known about the contribution of EBV to the pathogenesis of c HL and focuses on emerging evidence implicating chronic inflammation as a potential oncogenic co-factor in this malignancy.

关键词： Epstein-Barr病毒淋巴瘤起源金恶性肿瘤发病机制辅助因子 EBV

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Wild grapevine(Vitis vinifera ***)in the Hyrcanian relict forests of northern Iran:an overview of current taxonomy,ecology and palaeorecords

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第6期29卷 1757-1768页

作者： Alireza Naqinezhad Elias Ramezani Morteza Djamali Annik Schnitzler claire Arnold Department of Biology Faculty of Basic SciencesUniversity of MazandaranBabolsarMazandaranIran Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural ResourcesUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran Institut Mediterraneen de Biodiversite et d’Ecologie(IMBE UMR 7263CNRS-Aix Marseille Universite-IRD-Universite d’Avignon)Europole mediterraneen de l'Arboisbatiment VilleminBP8013545 Aix-En-Provence Cedex 04France Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux LIEC-UMR 7360 CNRSUniversity of LorraineMetzFrance University of Lausanne Unicentre1015 LausanneSwitzerland

Due to severe anthropogenic impacts on lowland and submontane zones of the Hyrcanian forests of northern Iran, wild grapevine(Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris), a sporadically distributed woody liana, is currently considered an endangered species. Using data from the literature and 34 studied populations, herbarium assessments and nine palynological sites, we provide an overview of its taxonomy,distribution and ecology in the first part of the *** separation of the two subspecies, namely V. sylvestris subsp. anebophylla and V. sylvestris subsp. trichophylla(sensu Flora Iranica), based on their leaf indumentums, could not be confirmed by our examination of herbarium materials and field observations. Indumentum of the leaves is a result of leaf polymorphism in different Vitis specimens and can be strongly influenced by environmental conditions. Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris grows in a wide range of habitats including wetlands, seasonal stream sides in closed forests,alluvial beds of large rivers, sand dune shrublands and forested wetlands(alder forests). Parrotia persica and Carpinus betulus were the most frequent host species in the studied populations. In the Hyrcanian region, no pollen record of Vitis older than the Mid-or Late-Holocene has yet been established. Despite the intrinsic problem in pollen identification by normal(i.e., light) microscopy of wild from cultivated grapevines, the significant values and persistent occurrence of Vitis pollen since the Mid-Holocene(before the Bronze Age) in the Hyrcanian pollen records may imply the onset of viticulture in low-to mid-elevation sites in the region. This represents an argument to consider the Hyrcanian region as a possible domestication center for V. ***, the question of wild versus cultivated origin of grapevines in the Hyrcanian pollen records and the possible date of its domestication and/or cultivation will remain open until further palynological studies are undertaken.

关键词： Domestication Grapevine Hyrcanian forests Pollen Vitis

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Nuclearly Encoded Splicing Factors Implicated in RNA Splicing in Higher Plant Organelles

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Molecular Plant 2010年第4期3卷 691-705页

作者： Andeol Falcon de Longevialle lan D. Small claire Lurin Unite Mixte de Recherche en Genomique Vegetale (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Universite d'Evry Val d'Essonne) 91057 Evry France Australian Research Council of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology University of Western Australia Crawley 6009 WA Australia Australian Research Council of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology University of Western Australia Crawley 6009 WA Australia

Plant organelles arose from two independent endosymbiosis events. Throughout evolutionary history, tight control of chloroplasts and mitochondria has been gained by the nucleus, which regulates most steps of organelle genome expression and metabolism. In particular, RNA maturation, including RNA splicing, is highly dependent on nuclearly encoded splicing factors. Most introns in organelles are group II introns, whose catalytic mechanism closely resembles that of the nuclear spliceosome. Plant group II introns have lost the ability to self-splice in vivo and require nuclearly encoded proteins as cofactors. Since the first splicing factor was identified in chloroplasts more than 10 years ago, many other proteins have been shown to be involved in splicing of one or more introns in chloroplasts or mitochondria. These new proteins belong to a variety of different families of RNA binding proteins and provide new insights into ribonucleoprotein complexes and RNA splicing machineries in organelles. In this review, we describe how splicing factors, encoded by the nucleus and targeted to the organelles, take part in post-transcriptional steps in higher plant organelle gene expression. We go on to discuss the potential for these factors to regulate organelle gene expression.

关键词： RNA splicing chloroplast mitochondria splicing factors.

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Brain Banking for Research into Neurodegenerative Disorders and Ageing

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第2期35卷 283-288页

作者： claire E.Shepherd Holly Alvendia Glenda M.Halliday Neuroscience Research Australia and the University of New South Wales New York University Brain and Mind Centre Sydney Medical School University of Sydney

Advances in cellular and molecular biology underpin most current therapeutic advances in *** advances for neurological and neurodegenerative diseases are hindered by the lack of similar specimens. It is becoming increasingly evident that greater access to human brain tissue is necessary to understand both the cellular biology of these diseases and their variation. Research in these areas is vital to the development of viable therapeutic options for these currently untreatable diseases. The development and coordination of human brain specimen collection through brain banks is evolving. This perspective article from the Sydney Brain Bank reviews data concerning the best ways to collect and store material for different research purposes.

关键词： Brain banking Brain donation Neurodegenerative diseases Human brain tissue processing

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Cell adhesion in renal tubular epithelial cells:Biochemistry,biophysics or both

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BIOCELL 2022年第4期46卷 937-940页

作者： claire ELIZABETH HILLS ELEFTHERIOS SIAMANTOURAS PAUL EDWARD SQUIRES Diabetes Metabolism&Inflammation GroupSchool of Life SciencesJoseph Banks LaboratoriesUniversity of LincolnLincolnLN67DLUK

Changes in cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion markers are increasingly used to characterize disease onset and ***,these relationships depend on both the biochemical and molecular association between cells and between cells and their extracellular matrix,as well as the biophysical and mechanical properties orchestrated by cytoskeletal,membrane and matrix *** fully appreciate the role of cell adhesion when determining normal physiology and the impact of disease on cellular function,it is important to consider both biochemical and biophysical attributes of the system being *** this short viewpoint we reflect on our experiences assessing cell-cell and/or cell-matrix interactions in renal tubular epithelial cells.

关键词： Cell-adhesion Cadherin Cytoskeleton AFM Kidney Epithelium

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Bile acids as endogenous etiologic agents in gastrointestinal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第27期15卷 3329-3340页

作者： Harris Bernstein Carol Bernstein claire M Payne Katerina Dvorak Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy College of Medicine and Arizona Cancer Center University of ArizonaTucson Arizona 85724 United States Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy College of Medicine University of ArizonaTucson Arizona 85724 United States Hematology/Oncology Southern Arizona Veterans Affairs Health Care System Tucson Arizona 85723 United States

Bile acids are implicated as etiologic agents in cancer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including cancer of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, biliary tract, pancreas and colon/rectum. Deleterious effects of bile acid exposure, likely related to carcinogenesis, include: induction of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species; induction of DNA damage; stimulation of mutation; induction of apoptosis in the short term, and selection for apoptosis resistance in the long term. These deleterious effects have, so far, been reported most consistently in relation to esophageal and colorectal cancer, but also to some extent in relation to cancer of other organs. In addition, evidence is reviewed for an association of increased bile acid exposure with cancer risk in human populations, in specific human genetic conditions, and in animal experiments. A model for the role of bile acids in GI carcinogenesis is presented from a Darwinian perspective that offers an explanation for how the observed effects of bile acids on cells contribute to cancer development.

关键词： Bile acids Cancer Adenocarcinoma Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Pancreas Colon Apoptosis DNA damage

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Molecular mechanisms of metastasis in prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2009年第1期11卷 57-67页

作者： Noel W. Clarke claire A. Hart Mick D. Brown Genito-Urinary Cancer Research Group School of Cancer and lmaging Sciences Paterson Institute for Cancer ResearchChristie Hospital University of Manchester Manchester M20 4BX UK

Prostate cancer （PCa） preferentially metastasizes to the bone marrow stroma of the axial skeleton. This activity is the principal cause of PCa morbidity and mortality. The exact mechanism of PCa metastasis is currently unknown, although considerable progress has been made in determining the key players in this process. In this review, we present the current understanding of the molecular processes driving PCa metastasis to the bone.

关键词： bone bone marrow stroma metastasis prostate cancer

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