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Wild grapevine(Vitis vinifera ***)in the Hyrcanian relict forests of northern Iran:an overview of current taxonomy,ecology and palaeorecords

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第6期29卷 1757-1768页

作者： Alireza Naqinezhad Elias Ramezani Morteza Djamali Annik Schnitzler claire Arnold Department of biology Faculty of Basic SciencesUniversity of MazandaranBabolsarMazandaranIran Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural ResourcesUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran Institut Mediterraneen de biodiversite et d’Ecologie(IMbE UMR 7263CNRS-Aix Marseille Universite-IRD-Universite d’Avignon)Europole mediterraneen de l'Arboisbatiment VilleminBP8013545 Aix-En-Provence Cedex 04France Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux LIEC-UMR 7360 CNRSUniversity of LorraineMetzFrance University of Lausanne Unicentre1015 LausanneSwitzerland

Due to severe anthropogenic impacts on lowland and submontane zones of the Hyrcanian forests of northern Iran, wild grapevine(Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris), a sporadically distributed woody liana, is currently considered an endangered species. Using data from the literature and 34 studied populations, herbarium assessments and nine palynological sites, we provide an overview of its taxonomy,distribution and ecology in the first part of the *** separation of the two subspecies, namely V. sylvestris subsp. anebophylla and V. sylvestris subsp. trichophylla(sensu Flora Iranica), based on their leaf indumentums, could not be confirmed by our examination of herbarium materials and field observations. Indumentum of the leaves is a result of leaf polymorphism in different Vitis specimens and can be strongly influenced by environmental conditions. Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris grows in a wide range of habitats including wetlands, seasonal stream sides in closed forests,alluvial beds of large rivers, sand dune shrublands and forested wetlands(alder forests). Parrotia persica and Carpinus betulus were the most frequent host species in the studied populations. In the Hyrcanian region, no pollen record of Vitis older than the Mid-or Late-Holocene has yet been established. Despite the intrinsic problem in pollen identification by normal(i.e., light) microscopy of wild from cultivated grapevines, the significant values and persistent occurrence of Vitis pollen since the Mid-Holocene(before the bronze Age) in the Hyrcanian pollen records may imply the onset of viticulture in low-to mid-elevation sites in the region. This represents an argument to consider the Hyrcanian region as a possible domestication center for V. ***, the question of wild versus cultivated origin of grapevines in the Hyrcanian pollen records and the possible date of its domestication and/or cultivation will remain open until further palynological studies are undertaken.

关键词： Domestication Grapevine Hyrcanian forests Pollen Vitis

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Unveiling the lamellar structure of the human cornea over its full thickness using polarization-resolved SHG microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第9期12卷 1782-1794页

作者： Clothilde Raoux Anatole Chessel Pierre Mahou Gaël Latour Marie-claire Schanne-Klein Laboratory for Optics and biosciences Ecole PolytechniqueCNRSINSERMInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128 PalaiseauFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay 91190 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

A key property of the human cornea is to maintain its curvature and consequently its refraction capability despite daily changes in intraocular *** is closely related to the multiscale structure of the corneal stroma,which consists of 1-3µm-thick stacked lamellae made of thin collagen ***,the distribution,size,and orientation of these lamellae along the depth of the cornea are poorly characterized up to *** this study,we use second harmonic generation(SHG)microscopy to visualize the collagen distribution over the full depth of 10 intact and unstained human corneas(500-600µm thick).We take advantage of the small coherence length in epi-detection to axially resolve the lamellae while maintaining the corneal physiological ***,as raw epi-detected SHG images are spatially homogenous because of the sub-wavelength size of stromal collagen fibrils,we use a polarimetric approach to measure the collagen orientation in every *** a careful validation of this approach,we show that the collagen lamellae(i)are mostly oriented along the inferior-superior axis in the anterior stroma and along the nasal-temporal axis in the posterior stroma,with a gradual shift in between and(ii)exhibit more disorder in the anterior *** results represent the first quantitative characterization of the lamellar structure of the human cornea continuously along its entire thickness with micrometric *** also shows the unique potential of P-SHG microscopy for imaging of collagen distribution in thick dense tissues.

关键词： structure curvature resolved

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Integrative behavioral ecotoxicology： bringing together fields to establish new insight to behavioral ecology, toxicology, and conservation

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Current Zoology 2017年第2期63卷 185-194页

作者： Elizabeth K. PETERSON David b. bUCHWALTER Jacob L. KERbY Matthew K. LEFAUVE claire W. VARIAN-RAMOS John R SWADDLE Department of biological Sciences State University of New York-Albany Albany NY 12222 USA Department of biological Sciences North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Department of biology University of South Dakota Vermillion SD 57069 USA Department of biological Sciences George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA Department of biology Colorado State University-Pueblo Pueblo CO 81001 USA biology Department Institute for Integrative Bird Behavior Studies College of William & Mary Williamsburg VA 23187-8795 USA

The fields of behavioral ecology, conservation science, and environmental toxicology individually aim to protect and manage the conservation of wildlife in response to anthropogenic stressors, including widespread anthropogenic pollution. Although great emphasis in the field of toxicology has been placed on understanding how single pollutants affect survival, a comprehensive, interdis- ciplinary approach that includes behavioral ecology is essential to address how anthropogenic compounds are a risk for the survival of species and populations in an increasingly polluted world. We provide an integrative framework for behavioral ecotoxicology using Tinbergen＇s four postu- lates （causation and mechanism, development and ontogeny, function and fitness, and evolution- ary history and phylogenetic patterns）. The aims of this review are： 1） to promote an integrative view and re-define the field of integrative behavioral ecotoxicology; 2） to demonstrate how study- ing ecotoxicology can promote behavior research; and 3） to identify areas of behavioral ecotoxicol- ogy that require further attention to promote the integration and growth of the field.

关键词： animal behavior behavioral ecology conservation phylogenetic pollution toxicology.

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Cell adhesion in renal tubular epithelial cells:biochemistry,biophysics or both

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bIOCELL 2022年第4期46卷 937-940页

作者： claire ELIZAbETH HILLS ELEFTHERIOS SIAMANTOURAS PAUL EDWARD SQUIRES Diabetes Metabolism&Inflammation GroupSchool of Life SciencesJoseph Banks LaboratoriesUniversity of LincolnLincolnLN67DLUK

Changes in cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion markers are increasingly used to characterize disease onset and ***,these relationships depend on both the biochemical and molecular association between cells and between cells and their extracellular matrix,as well as the biophysical and mechanical properties orchestrated by cytoskeletal,membrane and matrix *** fully appreciate the role of cell adhesion when determining normal physiology and the impact of disease on cellular function,it is important to consider both biochemical and biophysical attributes of the system being *** this short viewpoint we reflect on our experiences assessing cell-cell and/or cell-matrix interactions in renal tubular epithelial cells.

关键词： Cell-adhesion Cadherin Cytoskeleton AFM Kidney Epithelium

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What is driving gender inequalities in physical activity among adolescents?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第4期11卷 424-426页

作者： Regina Guthold Juana Willumsen Fiona claire bull Adolescent and Young Adult Health Unit MaternalNewbornChild and Adolescent Health and Ageing DepartmentWorld Health OrganizationGeneva CH-1211Switzerland Physical Activity Unit Health Promotion DepartmentWorld Health OrganizationGeneva CH-1211Switzerland

In most countries around the globe,adolescent girls are less physically active than ***,the majority of studies have been conducted in high-income countries,while there is less evidence from low-and middle-income countries.1 The reasons for this gender difference in physical activity(PA)participation are poorly understood.A recently published article by Ricardo et al.2 on gender inequalities in adolescent PA from 64 global south countries seeks to close this knowledge gap.

关键词： inequalities physically income

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Advances in soil erosion research:Mechanisms,modeling and applications-A special issue in honor of *** Nearing

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 589-591页

作者： Viktor Polyakov claire baffaut Vito Ferro Scott Van Pelt Southwest Watershed Research Center USDA-ARS2000 E Allen RdTucsonAZ85718USA Cropping Systems and Water Quality Research Unit USDA-ARS241 Ag Engineering BuildingUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA Department of Agricultural Food and Forest SciencesUniversity of PalermoViale Delle ScienzeBuilding 490128PalermoItaly Cropping Systems Research Laboratory USDA-ARS38104th StLubbockTX79401USA

*** Long-term sustainability of soils is one of the critical challenges facing *** erosion is an intrinsic geomorphological pro-cess,which if accelerated can threaten natural ecosystems and agri-culture through loss of productivity,sedimentation,and associated *** efforts to mitigate these problems require changes in management practices and large *** puts special emphasis on understanding physical processes driving soil erosion,developing techniques for accurate estimation of erosion rates and its on-site and off-site impacts,as well as devel-oping new modeling,prediction,and management tools.

关键词： soil erosion driving

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Associations of self-reported and device-assessed physical activity with fatigue,quality of life,and sleep quality in adults living with and beyond cancer

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第6期12卷 664-673,F0003页

作者： Phillippa Lally Natalie Ella Miller claire Lawrence Rebecca J beeken Abigail Fisher Department of behavioural Science and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Psychology University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Leeds Institute of Health Sciences Leeds LS29NLUK

background Greater physical activity is associated with improved outcomes in people living with and beyond ***,most studies in exercise oncology use self-reported measures of physical *** have explored agreement between self-reported and device-based measures of physical activity in people living with and beyond *** study aimed to describe physical activity in adults affected by cancer across self-reported and device-assessed activity,to explore levels of agreement between these measures in terms of their utility for categorizing participants as meeting/not meeting physical activity guidelines,and to explore whether meeting guidelines is associated with fatigue,quality of life,and sleep *** A total of 1348 adults living with and beyond cancer from the Advancing Survivorship Cancer Outcomes Trial completed a survey assessing fatigue,quality of life,sleep quality,and physical *** Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to calculate a Leisure Score Index(LSI)and an estimate of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA).Average daily steps and weekly aerobic steps were derived from pedometers worn by *** The percentage of individuals meeting physical activity guidelines was 44.3%using LSI,49.5%using MVPA,10.8%using average daily steps,and 28.5%using weekly aerobic ***(Cohen'sκ)between self-reported and pedometer measures ranged from 0.13(LSI *** daily steps)to 0.60(LSI ***).After adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related covariates,meeting activity guidelines using all measures was associated with not experiencing severe fatigue(odds ratios(ORs):1.43–1.97).Meeting guidelines using MVPA was associated with no quality-of-life issues(OR=1.53).Meeting guidelines using both self-reported measures were associated with good sleep quality(ORs:1.33–1.40).Conclusion Less than half of all adults affected by cancer are meeting physical activity guidelines,

关键词： Cancer survivorship Fatigue Physical activity Quality of life SleepTagedAPTARAEnd

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Associations between maternal vitamin D status and porcine litter characteristics throughout gestation

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 806-813页

作者： claire Stenhouse Emma Hurst Richard J.Mellanby Cheryl J.Ashworth Functional Genetics and Development Division The Roslin Institute and Royal(Dick)School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghMidlothian EH259RGUK Current Affiliation Department of Animal ScienceTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843‑2471USA Clinical Sciences Division The Roslin Institute and Royal(Dick)School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghMidlothian EH259RGUK.

Emerging evidence suggests an important role of vitamin D in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy,and the regulation of foetal growth across mammalian ***,the temporal changes in maternal vitamin D sta-tus throughout gestation in the pig and the relationship between maternal vitamin D status and litter characteristics of interest across gestation remain poorly understood and *** abundance of 25(OH)D in maternal plasma was quantified by HPLC–MS/MS at gestational days(GD)18,30,45,60 and 90(n=5–11 gilts/GD).Maternal plasma 25(OH)D concentrations significantly increased between GD18 and GD30(Pbetween maternal vitamin D metabolite concentrations and litter characteristics of interest including gilt weight,ovulation rate,mean litter weight,number of live foetuses,percentage prenatal survival,and sex ratio of the litter was *** 25(OH)D(P=0.059)concentrations tended to be positively associated with percentage prenatal survival on *** GD90,maternal 25(OH)D(Pbetween maternal vitamin D status and the economically important litter characteristics of gilt weight,percentage prenatal survival and percentage of male foetuses in the *** the understanding of the role of vitamin D across important developmental timepoints in relation to foetal growth is essential to improve reproductive success in livestock species.

关键词： Porcine Pregnancy Vitamin D

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海洋里

海洋里

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2019年

作者： (英)claire Llewellyn

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我们的感觉

我们的感觉

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2019年

作者： (英)claire Llewellyn

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