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Contributions of Trimorphic Life Cycles to Dispersal and evolutionary Trends in Large Benthic Foraminifers

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Journal of earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1425-1433页

作者： Pamela Hallock claire e.Reymond College of Marine Science University of South FloridaSt.PetersburgFL33701USA School of earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China School of Geosciences The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia

The basic life cycle of Foraminifera has long been recognized as alternation between sexual and asexual generations;a common modification is several successive asexual *** and release of flagellated gametes also has been documented as the basic sexual-reproductive mode in extant *** on population dynamics,local spatial distributions,and biogeography of Amphistegina *** Heterostegina depressa have been augmented by culture studies over the past 50years,providing insights that have been widely used in paleoecological and paleoenvironmental *** are proposed suggesting how stages in the life cycle might contribute to understanding biogeographic and evolutionary trends commonly observed in large benthic *** of sexually-produced cryptobiotic propagules,followed by successive asexual generations(schizogeny),can potentially establish viable,locally-adapted populations within literally years,consistent with the concepts of both allopatric speciation and reticulate evolution associated with isolation and reconnection of local *** review concludes with the recommendation that future studies utilizing genomics,proteonomics,geochemistries,scanning technologies,and other approaches can promote greater understanding of both modern and fossil larger benthic foraminiferal lineages.

关键词： Amphistegina coiling ratio diatom symbionts Heterostegina depressa propagule schizogeny life cycle

Stable Adult Growth but Reduced Asexual Fecundity in Marginopora vertebralis,under Global Climate Change Scenarios

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Journal of earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1400-1410页

作者： claire e.Reymond Frances Patel Sven Uthicke School of earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China School of Geosciences The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia Australian Institute of Marine Science Townsville MCQld4810Australia

Large benthic foraminifera are an integral component of shallow-water tropical habitats and like many marine calcifiers,are susceptible to ocean acidification(OA)and ocean warming(OW).In particular,the prolific Symbiodiniaceae-bearing and high-magnesium calcite Marginopora vertebralis has a low threshold compared to several diatom-bearing and low-magnesium calcite *** this multi-year mesocosm experiment,we tested three RPC 8.5 climate change scenarios(i)present day,(ii)the year 2050,and(iii)*** enable a realistic epiphytic association,these experiments were uniquely conducted using natural carbonate substrate,living calcifying alga,and *** contrast to previous studies,we detected no reduction in surface-area growth under future climate conditions compared with present day *** terms of calcification,***’epiphytic association to primary producers(i.e.,calcifying algae and seagrasses)potentially ameliorates the effects of OA by buffering against declines in boundary layer pH during periods of photosynthesis(i.e.,CO_(2)removal).Importantly for population maintenance,we observed a strong reduction in asexual fecundity under the 2100 *** propose the additional energy needed to maintain growth might be one reason for drastically reduced asexual *** alternative explanation could be that the 2℃temperature increase interfered with the environmental synchronization that triggered asexual multiple *** conclude that the low levels of reproduction will reduce populations in a high CO_(2)environment and reduce a valuable source of CaCO_(3) sediment production.

关键词： mesocosm experiment ocean acidification ocean warming large benthic foraminifera carbonate production tropical reef asexual reproduction climate change

Preface for“Tropical Large Benthic Foraminifera:Adaption,extinction,and Radiation”

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Journal of earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1339-1347页

作者： claire e.Reymond Pamela Hallock Hildegard Westphal School of earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China School of Geosciences The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia College of Marine Science University of South FloridaSt.PetersburgFL33701USA Leibniz-Centre for Tropical Marine Research(ZMT) BremenGermany Department of Geosciences Bremen UniversityBremenGermany King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) ThuwalSaudi Arabia

The purpose of this special issue is to bring together recent advances in the field of research on LBF(Large Benthic Foraminifera)for those working on the topic and also to the broader bio-geological *** we give a brief overview on the development of the term LBF,state of knowledge on key moments in evolutionary history,current systematics.

关键词： evolutionary Large knowledge

Discrete modeling of a longwall coal mine gob for CFD simulation

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第4期30卷 463-469页

作者： Aditya Juganda claire Strebinger Jurgen F.Brune Gregory e.Bogin Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO 80401USA

One area of concern in longwall coal mines is the active gob directly behind the longwall face,where high concentrations of methane are likely to accumulate and active roof caving *** computational fluid dynamics(CFD)to simulate gas flows in and through the gob,most researchers have represented the entire gob as a porous medium governed by Darcy’s ***,Darcy-type porous flow may not be applicable for the highly porous and unconsolidated fringes of the *** addition,porous medium models do not allow for representative combustion modeling to simulate in-gob ignition and flame *** study presents a hybrid approach to modeling the gob using CFD:the outer part of the gob is modeled as discrete objects that simulate coarse rock rubble,while the gob center is modeled as a porous medium.

关键词： Longwall Coal Computational fluid dynamic Modeling Ventilation

Brain Banking for Research into Neurodegenerative Disorders and Ageing

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第2期35卷 283-288页

作者： claire e.Shepherd Holly Alvendia Glenda M.Halliday Neuroscience Research Australia and the University of New South Wales New York University Brain and Mind Centre Sydney Medical School University of Sydney

Advances in cellular and molecular biology underpin most current therapeutic advances in *** advances for neurological and neurodegenerative diseases are hindered by the lack of similar specimens. It is becoming increasingly evident that greater access to human brain tissue is necessary to understand both the cellular biology of these diseases and their variation. Research in these areas is vital to the development of viable therapeutic options for these currently untreatable diseases. The development and coordination of human brain specimen collection through brain banks is evolving. This perspective article from the Sydney Brain Bank reviews data concerning the best ways to collect and store material for different research purposes.

关键词： Brain banking Brain donation Neurodegenerative diseases Human brain tissue processing

The relationship between pain and associated characteristics of chronic ankle instability:A retrospective study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第1期9卷 96-101页

作者： Saeed Al Adal Martin Mackey Fereshteh Pourkazemi claire e.Hiller Faculty of Health Sciences University of SydneySydneyPO Box 170LidcombeNSW1825Australia Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Najran UniversityNajranPO Box 1988Saudi Arabia

Background'. Up to 74% of people with a history of ankle sprain develop chronic ankle instability (CAI). One commonly reported residualimpairment is ankle pain;however, it has not been included in models or inclusion criteria for CAL We investigated the prevalence of pain inpeople with CAI and the association between presence of pain and other CAI ***'. Retrospective data from 1147 participants with CAI (age 26.6 ± 10.7 years, 59% female) were collated from previous studies that usedthe Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool as an assessment tool. Pain was assessed from Item 1 of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool, whichasks participants about ankle pain. Responses were divided into 3 categories: pain during daily activities, pain during moderate/vigorous physicalactivities, and no pain. The presence of pain was analyzed with descriptive statistics, the correlation between pain category and CAI characteris・tics was analyzed by /2 tests and factors associated with each pain category were analyzed by logistic ***'. Among the participants, 60.1% (n = 689) reported ankle pain. Of all participants, 12.4% (n = 142) reported pain during daily activities,47.7% (n = 547) reported pain during moderate/vigorous physical activities, and 39.9% (n = 458) reported no pain. There was a strong associationbetween ankle instability and ankle pain (/2 = 122.2, p ence interval (CI): 3.84—7.53). Perceived ankle instability,age and unilateral ankle sprains were independently associated with pain (ankle instability: /2 = 43.29, p e: /2 = 30.37,p eral ankle sprains: /2 = 6.25, p ere was no significant difference in the presence of pain between ***-. The prevalence of pain in people with CAI was high and was related to perceived ankle instability. Number of sprains, age, genderand unilateral or bilateral sprain did not modify this result except for the first pain category (pain duri

关键词： Ankle impairments Ankle instability Ankle sprain CAIT Pain

extracellular matrix-templating fibrous hydrogels promote ovarian tissue remodeling and oocyte growth

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第2期32卷 292-303页

作者： claire e.Nason-Tomaszewski emily e.Thomas Daniel L.Matera Brendon M.Baker Ariella Shikanov Department of Biomedical engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Chemical engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Cellular and Molecular Biology Program University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Synthetic matrices which mimic the extracellular composition of native tissue create a comprehensive model for studying development and ***,we have engineered a composite material which retains cell-secreted eCM for the culture of ovarian follicles by embedding electrospun dextran fibers functionalized with basement membrane binder(BMB)peptide in PeG *** the presence of eCM-sequestering fibers,encapsulated immature primordial follicles and ovarian stromal cells aggregated into large organoid-like structures with dense deposition of laminin,perlecan,and collagen I,leading to steroidogenesis and significantly greater rates of oocyte survival and *** determined that cell aggregation restored key cell-cell interactions critical for oocyte survival,whereas oocyte growth was dependent on cell-matrix interactions achieved in the presence of *** we have shown that sequestration and retention of cell-secreted eCM along synthetic fibers mimics fibrous eCM structure and restores the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions critical for engineering an artificial ovary.

关键词： Biomimetic matrix Ovarian follicle Fibrous hydrogels

Remodeled structure and reduced contractile responsiveness of ocular ciliary artery in spontaneously hypertensive rats

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(english edition) 2019年第3期12卷 363-368页

作者： Ya-Ru Dong claire e Gustafson Jun Wang Ji-Zhe Cui Takeshi Yoshitomi Department of Ophthalmology the Second Hospital of Jilin University Department of Ophthalmology Akita University School of Medicine Division of Immunology and Rheumatology Department of Medicine Stanford University

AIM: To investigate the alterations in both structure and contractile responsiveness of ocular ciliary artery(OCA) in spontaneously hypertensive rat(SHR).MeTHODS: In this experiment, 20-week-old male SHR and Wistar Kyoto rat(WKY) were studied. The heart rate(HR), the blood pressure(BP; the systolic BP and the diastolic BP) of rats with an electronic sphygmomanometer were measured. Vascular morphometry and isometric tension measurement were used to investigate the alterations in structure and contractility of ***: A general narrowing of OCAs was observed in SHR compared to the control WYK. In SHR, the media of OCAs were thicker, the luminal diameters were smaller, and the media-to-lumen ratios were higher when compared with WKY(Pe contractions of OCAs evoked by norepinephrine were smaller in SHR compared to control(Pen, OCAs were pretreated with iberiotoxin, L-NAMe, or indomethacin 30 min before norepinephrineinduced contraction. Iberiotoxin(0.1 μmol/L) has not changed the norepinephrine-induced contractions in OCAs from both groups. However, L-NAMe(100 μmol/L) increased the vasoconstrictions, the increased extents were similar in SHR and WKY(P>0.05). Indomethacin(10 μmol/L) decreased the contractions induced by norepinephrine in OCAs from WKY(Pe those contractions in vessels from SHR(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that the structure and function of OCAs are altered in hypertension. OCAs from SHR are remodeled with decreased lumen diameter and increased media-to-lumen ratio. Moreover, the contractile responsiveness of OCAs from SHR is diminished due to the disruption of vasoconstrictive effect of prostaglandins.

关键词： remodeled structure contractile responsiveness ocular ciliary artery hypertension spontaneously hypertensive rat

Local Persistence of Large Benthic Foraminifera(LBF)under Increasing Urban Development:A Case Study from Zanzibar(Unguja),east Africa

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Journal of earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1434-1450页

作者： Gita R.Narayan Natalia Herrán claire e.Reymond Yohanna W.Shaghude Hildegard Westphal Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research(ZMT) BremenGermany Department of Geosciences Bremen UniversityBremenGermany Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research(IOW) 18119RostockGermany School of earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China School of Geosciences The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia Institute of Marine Sciences(IMS) The University of Dar es SalaamZanzibarTanzania King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) ThuwalKingdom of Saudi Arabia

Coastal marine management is vital for socio-ecological sustainability of developing,tropical ecosystems,which calls for diverse tools to monitor and assess water *** carbonatedominated habitats off Zanzibar were chosen for study due to potential water quality degradation in a rapidly developing tourist destination heavily reliant on its coral *** reefs are largely unmonitored and subject to local and global stressors.A widely used method for assessing reef health,as an early detection method of ecological changes,is the application of large benthic foraminiferal bioindicators,i.e.,the Fo RAM *** expected to find poor water quality conditions in the unmanaged reefs supported by stress-toelerant(opportunistic)foraminiferal *** dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphate values derived from untreated sewage effluent from Stone Town were highly variable(ranging 0.05–3.77 and 0.05–1.45μM,respectively),moderate,and occasionally approached or exceeded critical threshold values for oligotrophic *** analysis of total assemblages indicated an abundance of symbiont-bearing large benthic foraminifera,dominated by prolific Amphistegina species,comparatively low-moderate diversity,high FI values(7.6 on average),and high coral cover.A water quality gradient was reflected by subtle assemblage differences,suggesting that LBF can provide early warning signals of benthic changes,indicating the importance of long-term monitoring programs in vulnerable,rapidly developing coastal ecosystems exposed to increasing pressures.

关键词： carbonate coral reef bioindicator Fo RAM Index nutrients sewage effluent Western Indian Ocean coastal development coastal marine management