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Dietary approach in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第24期7卷 2522-2534页

作者： Silvia Marinho Ferolla Luciana Costa Silva Maria de Lourdes Abreu Ferrari Aloísio Sales da Cunha Flaviano dos Santos Martins cláudia alves couto Teresa Cristina Abreu Ferrari Departamento de clínica Médica Centro de Pós-GraduacaoFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Departamento de Propedêutica Complementar Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Departamento de Microbiologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 31270-901Minas GeraisBrazil

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has been identified as one of the most prevalent chronic liver disease in adults and children populations. NAFLD is usually associated with the metabolic syndrome(MS), which is chiefly related to insulin resistance and its consequences. Insulin resistance has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis and potentially nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH). Because of the contemporary epidemics of MS and obesity, the burden of NAFLD is also expected to rise. Unhealthy diets, such as the so-called western diet, are enriched in fructose, trans-fatty acids and saturated fat and seem to be associated with the development of NAFLD. In human studies, certain dietary sugars, particularly fructose, are used as a substrate for lipogenesis leading to hepatic fatty infiltration, inflammation, and possibly fibrosis. Other investigations have shown that fat consumption especially cholesterol and trans/saturated fatty acids are also steatogenic and seem to increase visceral adiposity. The identification of specific dietary components that favor the development of NASH could be important for the management of this disorder. This review focuses on the effects of different dietary approaches to prevent and treat NAFLD emphasizing the macronutrients and energy composition.

关键词： Fatty liver Dietary carbohydrates Dietary fats Die

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Probiotics as a complementary therapeutic approach in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第3期7卷 559-565页

作者： Silvia Marinho Ferolla Geyza Nogueira de Almeida Armiliato claudia alves couto Teresa Cristina Abreu Ferrari Departamento de clinica Medica Centro de Pos-Graduacao Faculdade de Medicina Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais 30130-100 Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is currently recognized as one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease. It involves a spectrum of conditionsthat include pure steatosis without inflammation, steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. The key factor in the pathophysiology of NAFLD is insulin resistance that determines lipid accumulation in the hepatocytes and, thus, oxidative stress, which is followed by inflammatory response. However, NAFLD pathogenesis is still largely unknown and has been extensively investigated. Although life style modification with the aim of losing weight has been advocated to treat this disorder, its effectiveness is limited; additionally, there is no specific pharmacologic treatment until nowadays. Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota may play a role in the development of insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, necroinflammation and fibrosis. Differences in gut microbiota between NAFLD patients and lean individuals as well as presence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in NAFLD subjects have been demonstrated. Furthermore, some data indicate that the immunoregulatory effects of probiotics may be beneficial in NAFLD treatment as they modulate the intestinal microbiota; improve epithelial barrier function and strengthen the intestinal wall decreasing its permeability; reduce bacterial translocation and endotoxemia; improve intestinal inflammation; and reduce oxidative and inflammatory liver damage. In this article, we review the clinical trials on the use of probiotics in the treatment of NAFLD and discuss the effects of these agents and their efficacy as an emerging therapeutic resource to treat NAFLD patients.

关键词： Fatty liver Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Probiotic Intestinal microbiota

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Acute calculous cholecystitis: Review of current best practices

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2017年第5期9卷 118-126页

作者： Carlos Augusto Gomes cleber Soares Junior Salomone Di Saveiro Massimo Sartelli Michel Denis Kelly Camila couto Gomes Felipe couto Gomes Lívia Dornellas Correa Camila Brandao alves Samuel de Fádel Guimaraes Surgery Depart-ment Hospital Universitário Therezinha de Jesus Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde Juiz de Fora Trauma Surgery Unit Maggiore Hospital Department of Surgery Macerata Hospital Acute Surgical Unit Canberra Hospital Surgery Department Hospital Gover-nador Israel Pinheiro (HGIP IPSEMG) Internal Medicine Unit Hospital Universitário Therezinha de Jesus Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde Juiz de Fora

Acute calculous cholecystitis(ACC) is the most frequent complication of cholelithiasis and represents one-third of all surgical emergency hospital admissions, many aspects of the disease are still a matter of debate. Knowledge of the current evidence may allow the surgical team to develop practical bedside decision-making strategies, aiming at a less demanding procedure and lower frequency of complications. In this regard, recommendations on the diagnosis supported by specific criteria and severity scores are being implemented, to prioritize patients eligible for urgency surgery. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the best treatment for ACC and the procedure should ideally be performed within 72h. Early surgery is associated with better results in comparison to delayed surgery. In addition, when to suspect associated common bile duct stones and how to treat them when found are still debated. The antimicrobial agents are indicated for high-risk patients and especially in the presence of gallbladder necrosis. The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and in some cases with antifungal agents is related to better prognosis. Moreover, an emerging strategy of not converting to open, a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy and performing a subtotal cholecystectomy is recommended by adept surgical teams. Some authors support the use of percutaneous cholecystostomy as an alternative emergency treatment for acute Cholecystitis for patients with severe comorbidities.

关键词： Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Biliary stones Cholecystectomy Laparoscopy

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cloning and characterization of gene-resistant analogs(RGAs)involved in rust(Puccinia psidii) resistance in Eucalyptus grandis

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 711-718页

作者： Marcelo Luiz Laia Acelino couto Alfenas Sergio Hermínio Brommonschenkel Shinitiro Oda Eduardo José de Melo Inaê Mariêde Araú jo Silva Janaína Fernandes Gonalves Ariadne Marques Departamento de Engenharia Florestal Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri DiamantinaMinas Gerais 39100-000 Brazil Departamento de Fitopatologia Universidade Federal de Viosa Viosa Minas Gerais 36570-900 Brazil Suzano Bahia Sul Celulose S/A Suzano So Paulo Brazil

Disease-resistant genes play an important role in defending against a variety of pathogens and insect pests in plants. Most of the disease-resistant genes encode pro- teins with conserved leucine rich repeat and nucleotide binding site domains. In this study, we cloned and char- acterized gene-resistant analogs （RGAs） from Eucalyptus grandis using degenerate PCR, with primers specifically targeting these two domains. The amplified fragments were cloned into the pGEM-T vector and transformed into Escherichia coli. Among the 90 clones obtained, 13 were sequenced and compared with each other and with previ- ously identified gene-resistant diseases. A BLASTX search in GenBank revealed high similarities among the con- served domains of these cloned genes with RGA genes. Some clones, however, showed no significant similarity with DNA sequences in GenBank. Southern blotting ana- lysis identified several polymorphic RFLP loci between distinct genotypes. However, none of them co-segregated with the Puccinia psidii Winter resistance gene 1 （Ppr1） in a population study.

关键词： cloning Conserved domains RGAs Rust Eucalyptus

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Osteoblasts are inherently programmed to repel sensory innervation

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Bone Research 2020年第3期8卷 343-355页

作者： Luis Leitao Estrela Neto Francisco Conceicao Ana Monteiro Marina couto Cecilia Jalves Daniela MSousa Meriem Lamghari Instituto de Investigacao e Inovacao em Saude(i3S) Universidade do Porto4200-135 PortoPortugal Instituto de Engenharia Biomedica(INEB) Universidade do Porto4200-135 PortoPortugal Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Abel Salazar(ICBAS) Universidade do Porto4050-313 PortoPortugal

Tissue innervation is a complex process controlled by the expression profile of signaling molecules secreted by tissue-resident cells that dictate the growth and guidance of *** innervation is part of the neuronal network of the bone tissue with a defined spatiotemporal occurrence during bone ***,the current understanding of the mechanisms regulating the map of sensory innervation in the bone tissue is still ***,we demonstrated that differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblasts leads to a marked impairment of their ability to promote axonal growth,evidenced under sensory neurons and osteoblastic-lineage cells *** mechanisms by which osteoblast lineage cells provide this nonpermissive environment for axons include paracrine-induced repulsion and loss of neurotrophic factors *** identified a drastic reduction of NGF and BDNF production and stimulation of Sema3A,Wnt4;and Shh expression culminating at late stage of OB *** noted a correlation between Shh expression profile,OB differentiation stages,and OB-mediated axonal *** of Shh activity and signaling reversed the repulsive action of osteoblasts on sensory ***,to strengthen our model,we localized the expression of Shh by osteoblasts in bone ***,our findings provide evidence that the signaling profile associated with osteoblast phenotype differentiating program can regulate the patterning of sensory innervation,and highlight osteoblast-derived Shh as an essential player in this cue-induced regulation.

关键词： stimulation innervation reversed

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Effect of the Addiction of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on the Physical, Chemical and Thermal Properties of PVA Based Nanocomposites

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2018年第5期9卷 473-488页

作者： Raquel couto de Azevedo Gonç alves Mota Emerson Oliveira da Silva Lí via Rodrigues de Menezes Instituto de Macromolé culas Professora Eloisa Mano Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

In this study, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based nanocomposites consisting of metallic oxide nanoparticles (TiO2, ZnO, ZrO2) were obtained from an aqueous solution of 7% PVA, in order to compare the microstructural, and physical properties of bionanocomposite films reinforced with various loading contents (0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% w/w). They were evaluated regarding their molecular toughness through Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), regarding their chemical structural through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), regarding their crystallinity throught X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and regarding termal properties through Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The NMR results showed that the smallest concentrations of these oxides have a tendency to disperse better in the polymeric matrix, improving the structural toughness. Besides, changes in the termal resistance of the material were found with the use of TGA and DSC.

关键词： Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanocomposites Metallic Oxides Titanium Oxide Zirconium Oxide Zinc Oxide

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PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 polymorphisms in Brazilian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第10期12卷 792-806页

作者： Quelson Coelho Lisboa Mateus Jorge Nardelli Patrícia de Araújo Pereira Débora Marques Miranda Stephanie Nunes Ribeiro Raissa Soares Neves Costa Camila Azevedo Versiani Paula Vieira Teixeira Vidigal Teresa Cristina de Abreu Ferrari claudia alves couto Departament de clínica Médica Faculty of MedicineUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130100Brazil

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is becoming the most common chronic liver disease worldwide,with significant morbidity associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).Genome-wide association studies demonstrated that the variants rs738409 C/G in the PNPLA3 and rs58542926 C/T in the TM6SF2 genes are determinants of inter-individual and ethnicity-related differences in hepatic fat content and NAFLD *** To investigate PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 genotype frequency and their association with NAFLD development and progression in Brazilian *** This cross-sectional case-control study enrolled 285 individuals from the Gastroenterology and Hepatology clinics at a university hospital in *** case patients(n=148)were confirmed to have NAFLD by the identification of hepatic steatosis on ultrasonography and exclusion of other causes of liver *** to the clinical protocol,patients underwent liver biopsy when at high risk for NASH and/or advanced fibrosis(n=65).Steatohepatitis was confirmed in 54 *** who did not have biopsy indication or NASH on histology were considered to have simple steatosis(n=94).The control group(n=137)was selected among patients that attended the Intestinal Disease clinic and was composed of subjects without abnormalities on abdominal ultrasonography and normal liver biochemical *** individuals underwent PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 genotype *** PNPLA3 CC,CG and GG genotype frequencies were 37%,44%and 19%,respectively,in NAFLD patients and were 58%,31%and 10%in controls(P<0.001).In a model adjusted for gender,age,body mass index and type 2 diabetes mellitus,the G allele increased the chance of NAFLD(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.21-2.36,P=0.002)and NASH(OR=3.50,95%CI:1.84-6.64,P<0.001).The chance of NASH was even higher with GG homozygosis(OR=5.53,95%CI:2.04-14.92,P=0.001).No association was found between G allele and the features of metabolic *** histological assessment,PNPLA3 genoty

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Genetic variation Single nucleotide polymorphism Genotype Brazil Fibrosis

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3D Printed Scaffolds as a New Perspective for Bone Tissue Regeneration: Literature Review

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2016年第8期7卷 430-452页

作者： Raquel couto de Azevedo Gonçalves Mota Emerson Oliveira da Silva Felipe Fortes de Lima Lívia Rodrigues de Menezes Antonio Carlos Santos Thiele Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Pólo Xerém Estr. de Xerém 27-Xerém Duque de Caxias-RJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Due to the high incidence of bone fractures in the population, it became necessary to produce scaffolds that are able to assist in tissue regeneration. It is necessary to find an appropriate balance between the mechanical and biological properties, in order to mimic the natural tissue, these properties are directly related to the architecture and their degree of porosity, as well as the size of their pores and their interconnectivity. In this perspective, the 3D printing stands out, where the structure is obtained layer by layer, according to a predetermined computational model which provides a greater control of architecture and scaffold geometry and overcomes, in this way, the limitations of traditional techniques of scaffolds manufacturing. In this way, the objective of this seminar is to present the state of the art of the polymer scaffolds produced by 3D printing and applied to bone tissue regeneration, highlighting the advantages and limitations of this process.

关键词： Scaffolds 3D Printing Tissue Engineering Bone Tissue

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Screening of Type 2 Diabetes in the City of Belo Horizonte: Differences between Genders

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2016年第4期6卷 141-149页

作者： Braulio Roberto Gonçalves Marinho couto Katiussia Brito Porto Fabiane de Freitas Sales Deborah Campos Oliveira Larissa da Silva Pacheco Lídia Christina Guimarães Pereira Talita Santos de Almeida Geiza Francielle Rodrigues de Souza Mariana Santos Romualdo Jaqueline Paulino de Souza clara Araújo Veloso Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (ICBS) Centro Universitário de Belo Horizonte Brasil

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem that carries a high social and economic burden. Its diagnosis is unknown in half of individuals who have the disease. The diagnosis of the risk factors should be done in the beginning, since changes in lifestyle and hyperglycemic correction may delay the appearance of the disease and its complications. In this context, screening has been considered an important tool for an early detection of diabetes in asymptomatic adults. Objective: The objective is to track diabetes in people from BH, comparing genders. Patients and methods: People were interviewed with questions concerning the risk factors associated with the development of diabetes. According to the risk factors present, they were classified as non-diabetic [ND], pre-diabetic [PD] or diabetic [DM]. Statistical analyses were performed considering p ≤ 0.05 as significant. Results: 1264 individuals participated (5.5% DM, 6.5% PD, 88.0% ND). When grouped, PD and DM males were more prevalent than PD and DM females. Those in the DM group had higher blood pressure, age, glycaemia, number of past smokers, first-degree relatives with diabetes than either PD or ND. Both males and females in DM and PD groups had a higher waist circumference than did either ND males or females. ND men had a higher intake of fried food and smoked more in the past than ND women. Both ND and PD males had higher blood pressure than women from the same groups. Conclusion: Screening for diabetes is very important for an early diagnosis and to avoid future complications in patients. It’s possible to infer that women are more conscientious when it comes to taking care of themselves than men.

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus Screening Gender Risk Factors

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Curupira V1.0: Joint Inversion of VES and TEM for Environmental and Mass Movements Studies

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International Journal of Geosciences 2023年第11期14卷 1160-1176页

作者： Cassiano Antonio Bortolozo Jorge Luís Porsani Tristan Pryer Jorge Luis Abril Benjumea Fernando Acácio Monteiro dos Santos Marco Antonio couto Jr. Luana Albertani Pampuch Tatiana Sussel Gonçalves Mendes Daniel Metodiev Marcio Augusto Ernesto de Moraes Rodolfo Moreda Mendes Marcio Roberto Magalhães de Andrade CEMADEN—National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters General Coordination of Research and Development S&#227o José dos Campos Brazil Geophysics Department Institute of Astronomy Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences (IAG) University of S&#227o Paulo (USP) S&#227o Paulo Brazil Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Bath Bath UK Colombian Geological Service (SGC) Bogotá Colombia Don Luiz Institute (IDL) University of Lisboa Lisboa Portugal CPRM—Brazilian Geological Survey SUREG-BH Belo Horizonte Brazil Institute of Science and Technology S&#227o Paulo State University (Unesp) S&#227o José dos Campos Brazil

An innovative inversion code, named “Curupira v1.0”, has been developed using Matlab to determine the vertical distribution of resistivity beneath the subsoil. The program integrates Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES), successful in shallow subsurface exploration and Time Domain Electromagnetic (TEM) techniques, better suited for deeper exploration, both of which are widely employed in geophysical exploration. These methodologies involve calculating subsurface resistivity through appropriate inversion processes. To address the ill-posed nature of inverse problems in geophysics, a joint inversion scheme combining VES and TEM data has been incorporated into Curupira v1.0. The software has been tested on both synthetic and real-world data, the latter of which was acquired from the Parana sedimentary basin which we summarise here. The results indicate that the joint inversion of VES and TEM techniques offers improved recovery of simulated models and demonstrates significant potential for hydrogeological studies.

关键词： VES TEM Joint Inversion CRS—Controlled Random Search Paraná Sedimentary Basin Brazil

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